“Employment technology, or the science of how it is more profitable to “sell yourself” in the labor market Guidelines Cheboksary "New Time" UDC 331 BBK 65.240 K 17 Gavrilova O.V., ... "

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Budgetary educational institution of the Chuvash

Republic of additional education "Center

youth initiatives” of the Ministry of Education

and youth policy of the Chuvash Republic

employment technology,

or the science of how it is more profitable

sell yourself in the labor market

Cheboksary

"New Time"

Gavrilova O.V., Kryukovskaya A.P. Employment technology, or the science of how it is more profitable to "sell

Cheboksary, 2013. - 156 p.

Methodological recommendations are intended for students and graduates of institutions vocational education looking for their place in the labor market. They will increase the level of personal activity, responsibility and independence in employment, evaluate individual opportunities, competently build a dialogue with the employer and confidently apply for a vacancy. workplace.

© BEI CR DO "Center for Youth Initiatives"

Ministry of Education of Chuvashia

Introduction………………………………………………….. 4

1. Algorithm for job search…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

1.1. Goal setting……………………………………… 6

1.2. Definition of the role in the labor market…………………. 9

1.3. Application of active technologies for job search………………………………………………………..

1.3.1. Main ways of job search……………….. 14 1.3.2. Presenting information about yourself to the employer… 28 1.3.3. Methods of personnel selection, or how to pass the “casting” ……………………………………………………

1.4. How to gain a foothold in the workplace ………………… 94

1.5. Up the career ladder………………………. 97

2. Psychological aspects of employment………… 101

3. Legal employment……………………………. 112 Conclusion………………………………………………..

List of Recommended Literature………………..…… 130 Appendix 1. Sample of compiling an autobiography…. 131 Appendix 2. Examples of writing a resume………… 135 Appendix 3. Examples of writing cover letters…………………………………... 140 Appendix 4. An example of writing a letter of recommendation…………………… …………. 143 Appendix 5. Basic Rules business etiquette... .. 145 Appendix 6. gestures showing some character traits and attitude to the situation ................................. 152

INTRODUCTION

Almost every student in the process of studying, and especially before graduation, thinks about the next question - who will he go to work. The choice of a place of work is one of the important, sometimes fateful decisions, because a person’s social status depends on the organization, position, environment in which he works, material well-being, well-being and self-awareness. It is with the search for a decent job that a business career begins or successfully continues. The well-known aphorism “Who seeks will always find!” is the best way to find a job in today's labor market.

Employment is one of the most serious problems for today's youth. This is due, first of all, to the high demands of graduates and the low interest of employers in young specialists. After a dozen interviews, a graduate who has not passed the competition has a lot of questions: “How to get a job without experience?”, “Can a young specialist find a well-paid job?” etc.

According to employers, despite excellent education, high professional competence, young professionals have insufficient understanding of the labor market and the strategy of behavior on it.

The obstacles to the successful actions of young people in the labor market include a low level of personal activity, responsibility and independence in employment, the lack of the necessary skills for a targeted job search among boys and girls.

Some, not having reliable information about the state of affairs on regional market labor, they cannot realistically assess the possibilities of their employment.

Others, having an overestimated self-esteem, are not able to conduct an objective dialogue with the employer, applying for a vacant job.

Thus, every graduate or young person who wants to find a job has a need to master modern technologies employment.

These guidelines will help you plan your actions correctly, make the most of all available resources to carry out your own employment procedure; will become your guide in the development of a professional career.

1. JOB SEARCH ALGORITHM

In the specialized literature, the job search process is represented by a sequence of certain stages of the active work of the applicant. Summarizing different approaches The following stages of job search can be suggested:

goal development stage (what I want, what I can and what is needed for this);

the stage of development of representative documents - summaries, recommendations, characteristics;

the stage of determining (choosing) the main ways of finding a job (search strategy);

interview with the employer;

employment.

In the process of looking for a job, almost every job seeker goes through these stages. Another thing is that some are aware of this and, accordingly, plan and organize their actions, while others act spontaneously.

In order for the employment process to lead to status professional worker, a clear sequence of actions is necessary - an algorithm (Fig. 1).

–  –  –

1.1. Goal development.

Determining “WHAT I WANT”, “WHAT I CAN” and “WHAT I NEED FOR IT” is nothing more than a study of one’s own abilities, skills and values, an analysis of external and internal resources. It's kind of a definition of a sphere professional activity. (fig.2)

–  –  –

Own physiological, intellectual capabilities, skills, knowledge, abilities, psychological characteristics

–  –  –

Rice. 2. The formula for choosing the sphere of professional activity In the eternal coordination of the factors “I want-I can-I have to”, we must start from the first! Who knows how to get things done? Someone who knows how to set GOALS! The goal is the image of the result, it precedes, organizes, makes meaningful any conscious activity. To set a goal correctly means to concentrate your strength and energy on what should be achieved. Circumstances can be favorable only when the activity is purposeful. “For a ship that does not know where it is sailing, not a single wind will be fair,” said Seneca.

So how do you set this notorious goal? Of course, by the rules!

Rule #1: Set goals that motivate you. For obvious reasons, it will be difficult for you to achieve something that you do not really want. Try to answer the questions: to what extent is the achievement of your goals a desirable thing for you? Why do you even set yourself such a goal?

My personal parameters: character traits and strengths.

My life path Q: What were my biggest successes and failures?

Influence of the family: childhood, youth, parents, brothers and sisters, loved ones.

My harmony: what are my contradictions and conflicts with the outside world? How do I explain them?

Under what circumstances do I feel strong, successful, a winner, and under what circumstances do I feel weak, defeated, a loser?

What successes in life have I still not been able to achieve? For what reasons?

What dangers, difficulties, problems may arise before me? In what areas?

What measures could I take to prevent them?

What are my possibilities?

How can I contribute to this?

What can't they do?

What do I want to do about it?

Have I thought about my personal mission? What is it?

What are my core values- the deepest important components of my life?

What successes, including private ones, can I achieve in the foreseeable future?

What are the main advantages of my future job?

Rule two: Goals must be SMART.

Have you heard what SMART goals mean? This is an American abbreviation for the main properties of your goals, it is deciphered in different ways, but the essence always remains the same, so the goals should be:

Specific (clear and definite);

Measurable (to know when you will achieve it);

Achievable (realistic);

Appropriate (should not diverge from your main life direction);

Timely (the deadline for achieving the goals must be determined).

Rule #3: Write down your goals. Of course, we must trust our memory, however, in such a matter as setting goals, it is important to write down our goals on other media - it does not matter if it is a notebook or a computer. By writing down your goals, you will no longer allow yourself to forget about them, which will save you unnecessary excuses to yourself.

Rule four: create a plan of action.

Often, when people set goals for themselves, they forget about this most important rule of goal setting.

It is not enough to have a goal, it is necessary to create as many detailed plan actions to achieve it.

Rule Five: Stick to your goal.

So, you have implemented the setting of your goal, in order to achieve it, it is important to stick to this goal no matter what. If you allow yourself to stop, this can negatively affect the achievement of the goals that you set for yourself in the future.

With the right approach, achieving a goal can be not a "terrible test", but rather a pleasant and interesting process. Already at the beginning of the path, you need to firmly understand for yourself that only systematic actions will allow you to achieve your goal, only the precise implementation of the plan will lead you to success.

Surrender to the burning desire to achieve the intended goal, and, despite all doubts and fears, achieve what you really want!

1.2. Definition of the role in the labor market.

The labor market, like any other market, presupposes the presence of a seller and a buyer.

When looking for a job, you act as a seller of your work force, knowledge, qualifications, experience, energy.

No one owes you anything, including the provision of work. This is a rather difficult period in life, associated with stress, anxiety and self-doubt that appears from somewhere. The profession "employment specialist" is not taught in any educational institution. There is only one conclusion: “Do you want to be guaranteed a job? Make her search your second profession!”

You can do it yourself with minimal cost time and Money by finding answers to the following questions:

How much do professionals like you earn or can earn?

What specialties are in high demand?

Which companies are currently looking for employees?

Are there vacancies that interest you often enough?

Are there many of your competitors among those who are looking for a job in the same specialty?

Do you fully meet the requirements?

What are you inferior to your competitors?

What do you lack: education, work experience, professionalism, special knowledge?

In a word, each point is an occasion for reflection. And in order not to make some mistakes, incorrect and even dangerous actions in the labor market, it is necessary to understand where and how to look for vacancies, and above all, what they are.

All available vacancies can be represented as an iceberg, the surface, visible part of which symbolizes explicit, officially announced vacancies (Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Job Market

This part of the iceberg is small and accounts for less than 20% of all vacancies. About 40% are probable jobs and about the same number are "gray" (shadow) jobs, that is, about 80% of all available vacancies are not explicit, visible, officially announced.

Consider the features of each group.

Explicit jobs. This part of the job market is the most famous and has the following features:

The owner of the vacancy - the employer has a real need for an employee and knows who he needs and declares this;

When hiring an employee, the employer fulfills all the requirements of labor legislation.

This means that the employer is actively looking for the employee, making efforts so that the employee is found in as soon as possible, and sometimes even ready to pay money for the search and selection of an employee, using advertisements in the media mass media, searching for potential candidates through personal connections, turning to public employment services and commercial (recruitment agencies) intermediaries in the labor market.

Information about these vacancies is available, contained in the banks of vacancies public service employment or business firms.

Possible jobs. These are vacancies for which the employer is not ready to make efforts to fill. There can be many reasons for this:

for example, the employer is not quite sure whether he needs a new employee or does not know exactly what kind of employee he needs and, accordingly, cannot formulate requirements for a candidate for a vacancy.

Another, unfortunately, very common reason for a long non-filling of a vacancy by an employer is his unwillingness to take responsibility for hiring an employee. An employer does not need an employee, but the results of his work. But these results will be obtained only after the employee is hired and some time has passed. These vacancies really exist, but you can get such a job only if you convince the employer that you are beneficial for him.

It is important to know that there are much more likely vacancies than explicit ones. But in the first and second cases, when hiring, the employer fulfills all the requirements of labor legislation - concludes an employment contract, draws up an employee's work book, pays taxes, etc. This is the fundamental difference between these layers of jobs and the layer of "gray" vacancies.

Grey” or shadow jobs. What is the essence of this layer of the iceberg of the labor market? Some employers consider it beneficial for themselves to have employees without drawing up any documents that are required by law. Why is it beneficial for an employer?

Firstly, taxes must be paid for each employee, and some employers want to save money on this.

Secondly, correct design relations between the employee and the employer (employment contract, official enrollment, etc.) imposes certain obligations on the employer. The law protects the employee from the arbitrariness of the employer, and this is a very serious protection.

Some unscrupulous employers are purposefully looking for such "naive" young people because it is profitable for them. It can be quite normal and, apparently, even respectable work, but without paperwork. Therefore, regarding such jobs young man there is only one piece of advice: avoid them. Better agree to lower salary, but with full paperwork than to settle for a big one without any guarantees.

1.3. The use of active job search technologies.

The education and professional experience of the applicant are of primary importance for obtaining a prestigious and highly paid job. However, ceteris paribus, a person who has correctly built a job search strategy will select a suitable vacancy faster and at a lower cost.

13 The job search strategy can be roughly divided into the following steps:

1. Choice of job search methods.

2. Presenting information about yourself to the employer, negotiating.

3. Passage of selection.

4. Consolidation in a new workplace. Career growth.

1.3.1. Basic ways to find a job

Consider the main ways of finding a job by a graduate of an educational institution:

1. Appeal to the Centers for promoting the employment of graduates at educational institutions.

Such centers provide information to applicants about official vacancies for graduates. They constantly have regularly updated information about hot vacancies, automated Information system facilitating the employment of graduates educational institutions.

2. Contact State Center employment of the population.

The center (service) of employment of the population is an important source of information on the availability of vacancies and the main state organization designed to assist in the employment of job seekers. The Employment Center provides an opportunity to attend consultations, lectures, talks, fairs and mini-fairs of vacancies, use a computer bank of vacancies, information and reference literature.

At job fairs held by the employment service, there are always a lot of employers and vacancies offered by them. They are convenient for those who prefer direct contact to telephone conversations.

Job fairs are one of the fastest and most reliable ways to find jobs and staff. They appeared on the labor market back in the 90s, since then they have been held regularly and are always in demand. There are several types of fairs with different target audience. For example, fairs for young professionals, fairs for workers, fairs for managers and accountants, etc. Therefore, it is very important to decide whether the theme of the fair is suitable for you and whether the vacancies presented at it coincide with your wishes for future work.

If you have learned about the fair and realized that its theme suits you, then you need to clearly set the goal of visiting it so as not to waste time and effort, yours and your employer's.

In order to achieve success in the goal, it is important to prepare well for the fair, think through everything and not let it go by itself.

1. Check in advance on the website or with the organizers of the fair the lists of participating companies. Make your list of companies that interest you in terms of employment. Gather information about their line of work, job openings, etc. on company websites or in the media. Such a " Homework» will help you participate more effectively in the fair, ask the right questions to company representatives and not waste time in vain, moving from stand to stand randomly.

2. Prepare a resume and 20-30 copies for the fair.

Your best bet is to create separate resumes for each company on your list, with benefits that apply to each case. Resumes should be neatly printed and folded in a separate folder, not wrinkled.

3. Consider a cover speech for your resume.

The fair is a crowded and noisy event, so you will only have 1-2 minutes to please the employer. Write a short speech on paper and practice at home in front of a mirror with a stopwatch. For example:

“I, Ivanov Ivan, am a 5th year student at a certain university. From my resume, you can find out that I had an internship there, according to the results of the internship, I wrote thesis which was highly appreciated by the department. I know that your company is different in that ... Therefore, I am interested in the vacancy of a manager in your company.

4. Come to the fair on time, because company representatives are real people and by the end of the event they may already be tired and not show due interest in your person.

5. Be sure to have a pen and notepad with you to write down the main points of your dialogue with a company representative, as well as the terms for considering resumes and contacts.

6. Remember the dress code, do not walk around with huge bags like in the market or come to tracksuit. The first impression is always important.

7. A good attitude and optimism is important. Smile, say hello and remember the rules of behavior at the interview.

8. Don't go to the fair with a bunch of friends. it will prevent you from achieving your personal goals.

9. You need to look professional, so you should not ask questions about what the company does (it is assumed that you are already in the know), whether there are any vacancies at all (of course, since they are participating in the fair) and agree to any position.

10. If master classes, trainings and business games do not miss the opportunity to participate in them. You will be able to learn a lot of new and interesting things, try your hand at solving business cases, develop skills in writing a resume, passing an interview or an assessment center.

If you have properly prepared for the fair, then by the time it ends, you will have enough information materials about companies and open vacancies, as well as business cards of recruitment managers. Do not forget to take from the media representatives, who, as a rule, are also present at the fair, the latest personnel press: reference books, magazines, newspapers.

You will find in them a lot of interesting information about companies-employers, and about the peculiarities of the labor market for young professionals, and about technologies for successful employment.

3. Search through friends and colleagues.

This is one of the most reliable and traditional ways to find a job in Russia. Close person with employment opportunities will help you faster than all other ways combined.

Acquaintances and colleagues who continue to work often know in advance about vacancies that are just about to open in their company. If you find out about an opening from colleagues before the position is advertised on job sites, you may be the first and only candidate. HR department employees former employers They will also help you if, having left your previous jobs, you have maintained friendly relations with them. So attend professional meetings, reconnect with HR managers you know, announce your job search to friends and colleagues, and date people you know. Among other things, it is often psychologically easier to find a job through “friends”: having a recommendation from an employee who is already working in the company, you will feel more confident in it at the interview. And often - better accepted by the personnel officer, because. came from "theirs".

4. Job search in the media (media).

The media and their websites are also a good source of information when looking for a job. Most of them have web-based versions that host editorials on careers and fresh vacancies. In specialized newspapers with large circulations "From hand to hand"

(www.irr.ru), "Job for You" (www.rabota.ru) most of the offers relate to the service sector, retail, administrative and support services, leisure and entertainment industry. These vacancies do not require special training from applicants.

Vacancy announcements are also placed on radio and television, use advertisements on cable TV and local radio.

It is necessary to review all available job advertisements as regularly as possible in order to compose big picture labor market, find out what kind of work is in this moment.

If all of the above job search methods are not available or have not worked for you, or if you simply prefer independence and new technologies, use the Internet to search for a job.

Universal "work" sites are Rabota.mail.ru, Superjob.ru, Hh.ru, Job.ru, Resumebank.ru, Joblist.ru, Mainjob.ru, etc. Here you will find a lot of various current vacancies, get the opportunity to create your resume and respond to interesting positions, as well as subscribe to mailing lists of vacancies that interest you.

Be careful when working with paid employment sites if you find them on the Web - they are often unreliable.

There are special sites for job search by young professionals (students and graduates aged 17 to 25): www.egraduate.ru, www.grps.ru, www.career.ru, www.futuretoday.ru, www.jobfair.ru www.stood.ru

Sites for finding remote and freelance work are www.free-lance.ru, www.weblancer.net, www.kadrof.ru, www.vakant.ru. This kind labor relations is now actively developing, tk. has a big plus for employers: a freelancer does not need space in the office and workplace equipment, social payments and bonuses, he does not have to pay taxes, the contract has ended - goodbye. But a remote employee freely manages his time, doing work when and where it is more convenient for him. By the way, if you have time and you need freelance work, you should start a personal website or web page with your portfolio and detailed information about your work experience. Just make it easy to find it through search engines.

The Russian leader www.odnoklassniki.ru, as well as the fairly well-known networks www.vkontakte.ru, "my world" on www.mail.ru, etc. allow you to find vacancies due to the vast number of participants.

Professional online communities are even more effective, so check out www.e-xecutive.ru for middle and top management jobs, as well as www.moikrug.ru, www.linkedin.com and LiveJournal professional communities (community.livejournal.com ) – to search for all job categories.

Metasearch engines on the topic “jobs” constantly accumulate lists of current vacancies that appear on various specialized sites:

100rabot.ru accumulates information from the largest job portals, contains about 650,000 vacancies in 90 cities of Russia, has a user-friendly interface, simple navigation, clear rubrics, and the ability to subscribe to vacancies. For each vacancy, it gives the average absolute value of the salary and the most common salary in rubles.

Ulov-umov.ru also collects vacancies for major cities countries, as well as the Baltic countries and parts of the former CIS, updates information very quickly and includes a salary analyzer with which you can check your expectations.

Jobster.ru accumulates information from 563 sites and contains more than 18 thousand Moscow vacancies.

Internet search engines: www.yandex.ru, www.google.ru, www.rambler.ru, www.yahoo.com, www.

The most "advanced" resource www.yandex.ru now provides more than 1000 links to central and regional job sites. You can search in these systems for several keywords at once, for example, “programmer” or “salary from $ 2,000”.

There are Internet resources dedicated directly to young professionals. For example, the www.e-graduate.ru portal created by Graduate.

This resource covers a range of issues in the field of employment and professional growth arising from students and graduates. In particular, on this portal you can find:

news and events in the field of professional growth and job search;

programs for graduates, vacancies, internships in Russia and abroad;

information about employer companies focused on attracting young professionals;

education in Russia and abroad, MBA schools;

legal aspects of labor activity and job search;

articles, studies and other analytical materials on Graduate Recruitment issues.

A few tips for Internet search strategy:

use only official employment sites;

open a free e-mail box with any operator providing this service;

working with e-mail in "paid"

On the Internet, do not forget to indicate on outgoing documents the e-mail address of not a paid, but a free e-mail box (as a rule, if a spammer starts sending advertising information to a free e-mail box and encounters a limited volume of it, which makes it impossible for the respondent to read the advertisement, then he quickly loses interest in your mailbox - the effect of "vaccination against spam");

the sooner you open a free mailbox and the sooner you send test messages, the sooner the attack of spammers will begin, and since their number is still limited, the “vaccination” can be completed before the moment when you really need a free email box;

if you do not want to wait, then you can use another option - send to the addressee email no return address. Include brief information about you and the reason for contacting in the body of the letter. Further, explain in the letter that in order to protect against "spam" you have embedded a text or rtf file in the email, which contains detailed information about you and a return address. With regard to the content of the letter, use the same strategy as when writing a resume (this material is described below), be concise. Remember that your letter, if it is read, then once. If you do not immediately focus the attention of the employer on the most important professional qualities ah, then no one will look for them among the text of the letter.

7. Direct appeal to a potential employer.

A direct appeal to a potential employer is one of the reliable sources of information about vacant professions and a relatively effective way to find employment, since some of the undeclared vacancies are filled at the request of citizens looking for a job.

Even if you know your dream company, it never hurts to look at its direct competitors.

– it is possible that they offer working conditions and opportunities for professional development no worse. Or maybe you have completely lost sight of the main market players.

In order to compile a list of companies of interest to you, use industry ratings (both national and international - perhaps the company is just starting to enter the Russian market and has not yet made it to the national ratings) and ratings of employer companies. First of all, pay attention to companies that are growing dynamically, and not just market leaders, since it is in such companies that more new positions are opened.

Make a list of companies you want to work for, go to their HR department and ask if they have any open positions in your profile. Not every company is actively looking for people - often the earth is full of rumors about successful organizations, and the right people come to them by gravity. Good employers get used to this flow and are open to it. In addition, employers on their portals post information about the days open doors, exhibitions, presentations and other events designed to attract future staff, and often publish their latest vacancies that are not available on public sites. There you can also find addresses to send resumes.

Many Western and Russian companies devote separate pages on their websites to career issues. Here you can find vacancies for experienced and novice specialists, information about internships and working conditions in the company, and on the forum you can ask a question to the HR manager or fill out a questionnaire.

These opportunities are very useful for professionals who have a clear idea of ​​where they would like to work. After sending your resume to the company, be sure to call back and make sure that the letter has been received. Sometimes it is difficult to get through, because the number of responses to a “appetizing” vacancy can be several hundred.

However, sometimes a good call leads to a meeting, even with such competition. It is best to call after 15:00, when the flow of incoming calls weakens a little.

Ask about the different types of work that are acceptable, and if you are offered a freelance job, contract, or part-time job, agree to move to full-time over time. If there are no positions you need right now, you can leave your resume with contact information in case vacancies appear later.

8. Search through recruitment agencies.

If friends and employers found directly could not help you, use the services of professionals, that is, the services of recruitment agencies. They will include you in their database and, if you are suitable for any vacancy, their consultant will help you to compile for free. good resume and please the employer, because he is interested in closing the position. However, you may not wait in the wings and you will definitely not be the only one whom the agency introduces to the employer, because the employer pays here.

Recruitment agencies are a good resource when looking for a job because:

Large domestic companies, even in a crisis, entrust the recruitment of personnel to external providers in order to save time for their own HR service.

Many industry companies turn to specialized recruitment agencies that have an extensive database of successful professionals, know the market segments well and are able to quickly find the right specialists.

Some small but stable companies turn to recruitment agencies, saving on the salaries of their own personnel department.

Most employers turn to agencies to close complex, urgent or mass vacancies.

Through an agency, companies often quietly look for people for important jobs when they want to keep competitors from finding out about a “gap in the ranks” or need to find a replacement for an employee who continues to work for the company.

Many employers (especially during a crisis) order agencies to search for temporary employees, use leasing or outsourcing of personnel.

This gives the applicant the opportunity to gain work experience in famous companies, albeit on temporary projects, and in the case successful work get position. For those who have lost their jobs, this can also be a viable alternative while looking for a permanent job.

Looking for a job through recruitment agencies is beneficial for several reasons:

An interview at a recruitment agency can be viewed as a kind of interview training. In the process of communication, consultants will help you navigate the labor market for free, clarify the actual possible level wages, point out mistakes in interviewing and compiling a resume, advise on career development and promotion opportunities.

Good recruitment agencies work with reputable companies, acting as a guarantor of employers fulfilling their obligations to candidates, so you will be looking for suitable vacancies and ensuring that the employer does not cancel their decisions. And finally, the recruitment agency accompanies the specialist throughout probationary period, helps to adapt in the company, and, if necessary, to establish mutual understanding between the employer and the new employee.

When choosing a recruitment agency, it is worth considering that today most of them have a specialization:

By industries, groups of professions or individual professions. There are agencies that work with one or more industries, such as recruiting for companies in the oil and gas industry, energy or pharmaceuticals. And agencies leading the selection in a particular field of activity. For example, recruiting only administrative staff different levels or only specialists from the field of economics and finance.

By the level of personnel selected and, as a result, by the nature of the selection. For example, an agency may specialize only in the selection of young professionals (graduate recruitment) or line employees and personnel for mass projects. Executive Search agencies are engaged in the selection of executives top management and exclusive professionals. Consultants of such agencies themselves go to the managers and employees they need, so you should contact these companies only if you are really a highly qualified specialist.

The nature of the relationship with employers.

There are agencies involved in the selection of temporary staff, as well as leasing and outsourcing. In this case, outsourcing or leasing is built according to the following scheme: you are registered as a staff of an agency, and you work in another company as a freelancer. At the end of the project, you are left on the staff of the agency and sent to work in another company. At the same time, the length of service is not interrupted, the employee has a double registration - according to the work book in the agency and according to employment contract in company. Wages are paid in the accounting department of the agency. Temporary employees often receive additional training, and the best of them can be invited to the staff of the company. Having gained experience in well-known companies, it will be much easier for you to fill a vacancy on a permanent basis.

Whatever profession and specialization you choose, your successful work scheme with the help of a recruitment agency should be based on several rules:

1. Choose reliable and suitable agencies for sending resumes. Study the agency’s profile (which industries it actively works with), the level of vacancies being closed (young specialists, middle management, tops), ventilate the agency’s image on the market with the help of responses on the Web and the media, check the professionalism of recruiters in real communication.

2. By phone and, especially, at a meeting, find out as much information about the vacancy as possible from a recruitment agency consultant: study the job description, ask about job responsibilities, necessary skills and knowledge, business profile, size and condition of the company. Keep in mind that in a little-known agency you can find an excellent specialist, and in a branded personnel company - a novice recruiter. Therefore, for yourself, look for a highly professional and interested consultant everywhere.

3. Send resume for each vacancy separately. After sending the resume to the agency on specific vacancy, call there within a couple of days - find out if your letter has reached, whether it will be considered and, if so, in what time frame. Call at the specified time to remind yourself again.

If you didn't apply for a specific job, ask for reasons if the recruiter is willing to talk about them. Also ask if there are any other positions that interest you at work.

4. Prepare carefully for the interview.

The recruiter will evaluate not only your professional competencies, but also personal qualities, negotiation skills and general culture. Select business style clothes, come on time, in case of being late, call and warn. Try to make a good impression on the recruiter. If he remembers you but you didn't get this vacancy, the consultant can suggest you another or recommend you to a colleague, as well as advise on career and independent search work.

5. If you have changed positions, received a new education, or otherwise changed your career profile, send an updated resume to the agency so that recruiters will consider you for new suitable vacancies.

1.3.2. Presenting information about yourself to the employer.

There are several ways in which information can be provided to an employer to facilitate job searches and employment. This is the preparation and distribution of representative documents (autobiographies, resumes, letters), telephone conversations.

representative documents.

A CV is a document written for self-promotion or marketing purposes. The main purpose of an autobiography is to "sell a product", in this case, oneself by advertising one's positive traits corresponding to the requirements of the position. This may encourage a potential employer to "buy the product", i.e.

inviting a job seeker for an interview.

When applying for a job, it is usually asked to be compiled in government agencies or in large commercial companies. In the first case, it is required, as a rule, only to complete the package of documents of a personal file. In a commercial structure, on how well it is composed this document, may have an impact on whether they will offer you a job or, alas, not.

Be prepared if you are asked to write your CV in the presence of a company HR officer. Therefore, if you are looking for a new job, make up your sample autobiography in advance.

The autobiography is compiled in any form, because there is no standard single sample of writing. Human Resources have different requirements for the content of the information they need, so you will need to adjust the sample CV to a specific situation. Therefore, it will be very useful for you to know about the established traditions in writing this document:

They usually compose an autobiography on A4 sheets. The organization may also provide you with special forms, which may include questions that you should answer.

They present the text in a narrative form, while all the facts are brought in chronological order as they appear in life. All names of places of work or study are written at the time of the event being described. Try to fit your creation on one sheet.

Indicate the surname, name, patronymic, date and place of birth.

Provide information about parents - name, year of birth and what they do, about the presence of a brother or sister - name, age, study or work.

About education - usually in an autobiography when applying for a job, it is enough to indicate which school you graduated from, further “adult” education is already indicated in detail (periods of study, specialty, reasons for incomplete education).

About labor activity - periods of work at each place of work, position held, it is allowed to write about the work performed (job duties), business achievements, you can indicate the reasons for changing jobs.

About your family Family status, information about the spouse and children (name, their age and what they do).

Men are required to include information about military service - where, when, rank.

It would be appropriate for women to talk about the periods of being on maternity leave, parental leave.

Write about personal achievements, awards and promotions - maybe you did some kind of social work, were a member of a trade union organization, had success in sports, etc. (about everything that sets you apart from others and is really significant). And also you can write about anything you think would be of interest.

Signing your CV (right) and date (left) is required.

Keep in mind that it may be appropriate to keep silent about something. Think about it, perhaps you need to shift the emphasis, set out events from a slightly different angle. After all, you need an autobiography (more precisely, this example of it) to fit the current situation, for example, getting a specific job. In any case, refrain from juggling and false facts - these days, a lot of information can be verified.

You can find an example of writing an autobiography in Appendix 1.

SUMMARY. The resume submission system came to us from America and Europe. This is the very first and most important document for the employer when considering a candidacy. Now there is not a single serious vacancy for which it would not be necessary to write a resume. Office and working specialties require it necessarily. When employed in serious companies it is necessary to write a resume even for vacancies that do not require special training. Employers even in this case strive to recruit the best. For positions that require special knowledge, such as an accountant, programmer, electrician, the requirements are even more stringent. And first of all, these requirements relate to resumes of candidates.

A good resume is one of the most effective job search tools. To achieve a personal meeting with the employer, you need to compile and send him a resume, which is designed to distinguish the applicant in the general flow, to create the most favorable impression about him.

How to write a professional resume.

When writing a resume, you need to remember that it will become yours. calling card and should set you apart from the huge influx of people looking for work.

A resume is the main document of a job seeker when looking for a job. It is a summary of the facts of your background and professional experience that are most important to a potential employer. There is no one size fits all resume format. The main thing in the summary is its informativeness, pithiness and readability. Each resume you send should be targeted, written for a specific vacancy. During a crisis, the employer instantly receives dozens of responses for each posted position and looks for those who immediately "get into the top ten" among them. If you are ready to take on a number of vacancies of different nature and level, write several resumes for each group (type) of vacancies. In any case, refrain from "fan" mailings of your standard biography.

The main secret of the resume is that it must be “sharpened” for a specific position or, for a specific job advertisement given by an employer or recruitment agency.

Basic requirements for the structure of a resume

1. Desired position(s) / position / vacancy.

The resume title is one of the most important fields.

The name of the vacancy is the first thing the employer will begin to study with. In the conditions of fierce competition for jobs, the employer will choose among those candidates who clearly outlined their tasks and requests. Therefore, the title of your resume should be capacious, clear and concise:

if you apply for a specific vacancy, its title and description become the title - in full accordance with the employer's announcement;

if you are willing to consider a number of closely related positions (e.g. editor, production editor, Chief Editor), write this list in the title of your resume. Do not include too different positions in the title of one resume (programmer, accountant, driver), even if you are ready to occupy all these positions in this company;

if you know that different job titles are used to perform the functionality you are applying for, put them in brackets or through a slash when writing a resume. It is not recommended to write the desired positions separated by commas, this can be an alarming signal for an HR specialist - the candidate himself does not know what he is looking for.

if you do not know the name of the vacancy, clearly outline your professional sphere interests - "IT-specialist", "specialist in food sales", "bank employee". Try not to be mistaken in professional terms: for example, the concepts of "sales manager" are often confused

and "Sales Specialist". So, often a specialist who does not perform any managerial functions calls himself a "sales manager".

If you are a student with no work experience and would like to start in an “apprentice” role, enter “trainee/assistant” in your resume title and indicate the area (marketing, finance, IT, etc.) in which you want to start your career.

For example, "an internship in the department of taxation of the financial sector."

It is allowed to transfer the name of the vacancy or the desired position to the paragraph "Purpose". The main thing is that at the very beginning of your resume it sounds what you want.

Remember that the employer has neither the desire nor the time to carefully study the resume of each applicant in order to try to understand what he can be interested in.

2. It is recommended to write the surname, name and patronymic in large letters (14-16th font sizes) in the center or on the left side, after the position for which you are applying. It is desirable to write a middle name - it will be necessary for your verification. The words "surname", "first name" and "patronymic" should not be written.

For young professionals, it is better to introduce yourself by first giving your first name, then your last name. For example, Dmitry Ivanov.

If the nature of the job requires an assessment of your external data (for example, you are applying for a vacancy for a secretary, sports coach or PR manager), attach your best business photo that matches the situation.

3. Contact information, it is not necessary to write the words themselves, but after the name you need to highlight all the most important things for the HR manager:

telephone. Indicate your phone number (landline and/or mobile) where you can be contacted quickly and efficiently. It is advisable to indicate several phone numbers and the time when you are available for each of them;

E-mail address. Indicate the email address that you constantly check and your personal page on the Internet (if any);

It is desirable, but not necessary, to provide a home address, you can limit yourself to the city of residence, the name of your district or the nearest metro station if you are looking for a job in your city;

possibility of relocation. If the company to which you are sending your resume has branches or representative offices in other cities, indicate the possibility / impossibility of moving. If you are looking for a job in another city, be sure to indicate the city of your residence and inform about the possibility of moving;

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At the present stage of development Russian market labor it is possible to distinguish the following ways of finding a job:

1. With the help of the state employment service. In such services in employment centers, unemployed citizens can not only receive information about the availability of vacancies and find a suitable job, but also undergo retraining and advanced training. All services are generally provided free of charge. The functions of the service also include the implementation of social payments in the form of unemployment benefits, as well as the provision of material assistance to the unemployed and members of their families who are in their care.

2. Through private employment services . Private employment services are divided into employment agencies and recruiting agencies. Employment agencies enter the applicant's resume into their database and offer vacancies as requests come in from employers. Here you can also get additional services: advanced training, retraining, qualification exams, etc. The provision of all services to applicants is usually paid. The fee can be claimed immediately or after successful employment.

Recruiting agencies differ from employment agencies in that they work on behalf of the employer. That is, they provide paid service employer to select an employee for an existing vacancy in accordance with the requirements put forward. Recruiting agency services are free for job seekers.

3. Through the Graduate Employment Service , which operates in the head office of the Ural Institute of Economics, Management and Law. You can get a contact phone number from the Human Resources Department. In our branch, you can also receive certain consultations in personnel. However, such organizations currently operate in almost all other universities in the region.

4. Through special editions for employment (newspapers magazines, electronic means mass media). There are 2 ways to find a job through employment publications.

The first way is to view job postings. Telephone, fax or e-mail is usually offered as a means of communication with the employer. The key to success is in many ways the promptness of the response from the applicant, because interesting vacancies are filled very quickly.

The second way is to post your job ad. To achieve success in this case, it is necessary to correctly compose an advertisement: it is recommended to briefly describe the level of education, work experience, additional skills that are important for the professional activity of the applicant.

5. Through contacting acquaintances . Perhaps in the city of Nizhny Tagil - this is the main way to find a job in a prestigious and well-paid job. Therefore, you should not neglect it either. However, in a large metropolis, for example, in Yekaterinburg, the situation is not so clear cut. However, we recommend this method to those whose sphere of contacts is quite wide and whose relatives work in the area of ​​your interests.

In addition to a verbal message that you are interested in a particular vacancy, you are advised to provide each of your relatives and acquaintances with a copy of your resume. Having it, your friend will have specific information to provide potential employer or be able to take note of it (if the potential employer is himself).

6. By contacting the employer directly . It can be used if the company did not declare the presence of an open vacancy, but the applicant assumes that such a vacancy may be. At the same time, an effective means is to send out as many resumes as possible (always supplemented with cover letters).

If there is no vacancy at the moment, but the applicant is of interest, then the resume is saved for the purpose of possible referral to it in the future. In exceptional cases, vacancies can be created specifically “for a person”.

7. Organized events - Career days, Job fairs periodically carried out by specialized organizations. As a rule, there are many vacancies here. Usually these are positions that do not imply a high level of wages and social status, but have career prospects. Therefore, visiting these events can be recommended, first of all, to graduates of educational institutions who do not have the necessary work experience and are willing to work “for the future”. At the same time, employers, as a rule, are ready to contribute to their further training and professional development, which gives young employees a chance to take a higher position in the future within the same or another organization.

job seeker it makes sense for a person not to be limited to one way, but to use the most effective combinations of them that meet the situation on the labor market, as well as the needs and individual characteristics applicant.

However, it should be borne in mind that, in addition to the professional and personal qualities of the applicant, the success of his employment depends on a number of factors related to the characteristics of the modern job market.

For example, graduates of educational institutions often cannot get jobs that meet their needs and educational level. This "pitfall" of employment can be circumvented by getting a job in an organization of interest in a less attractive position for the applicant, provided that the organization provides prospects and opportunities for further professional and career development.

Another significant obstacle (for graduates and for people of mature age) may be the presence of an age limit when applying for a particular vacancy. An unexpected difficulty may also turn out to be not only too little, but also a solid experience in the specialty.

In each of these cases, a well-written resume can help, as well as effective self-presentation at personal contact with the employer or his representatives.

The final phase of finding and getting a new job is receiving a job offer from an employer. It can be oral or written, in the form of a personal appeal. In Russia, such a document has not yet entered into practice everywhere. However, in reputable companies with advanced management practices, such documents are indispensable. Therefore, receiving a documentary job offer is an indirect guarantee that you are invited to work in a good company that focuses on Western business standards.

Before accepting an offer, it is necessary to evaluate its advantages, including career prospects, salary growth, training, as well as the existing disadvantages.

It is important to assess the financial status of the company, the stability of its position. You may need to do some research using the internet to get to know financial activities companies for Lately. As for small, private companies, you can evaluate them based on the information that you gleaned from interviews or from professionals in this type of business.

In order to properly evaluate a job offer, conditionally divide it into three parts:

1. Work as such. Those. what is the nature of this work - 1) routine, 2) creative or 3) coordination and motivational (managerial work). Each of them has its own pluses and minuses, its own mode of working day and the nature of relationships with colleagues, etc. formal and informal relationships in the team.

2. Career opportunities. Whether there is a promotion in a job position from your chosen job or not. The age of the organization's management, leading specialists and ordinary employees. The nature and degree of education of colleagues.

3. Salary, bonuses and other benefits which are registered and which actually take place in the team. As well as opposite incentive instruments: fines and other types of penalties (if any, then for what).

Take a close look at each component and ask yourself the following questions:

1) Are the tasks that you will have to perform daily really suitable for you?

3) Does the level of responsibility correspond to what you want and expect in order to do the job effectively or not?.

4) Are you satisfied with the working conditions? Do they meet the required quality of work?

5) Do you think you will enjoy working with your immediate supervisor and colleagues?

6) Will the new job change your lifestyle? Do you agree with the possible changes (more travel and business trips; more time that you have to devote to work, etc.).

7) To what extent does this work coincide with your plans in general? Will it enable you to move forward towards your career goals?

8) How interested are you in this business (field of operation of the enterprise, organization) in general? What might be the prospects for a career in it in five years?

9) Is the compensation package large enough (including what you expect to earn from bonuses and commissions, if any) to cover your living expenses?

10) Can the compensation package compete with packages offered by other companies in the industry or for similar work? How does the compensation package compare with the one you receive now or received at your last job?

11) Does the health insurance suit your real needs? If you are hired, what percentage of the social package will you have to pay?

12) How attractive and large are the spin-off benefits (assuming the organization provides benefits such as a company car, tuition reimbursement, vacation, etc.).

The answers to these and similar questions will help you evaluate the offer against your current and future expectations.

The following approaches to evaluating a job offer can be suggested: 1) expert advice. 2) logical option. 3) andintuitive (predictive) estimation.

Employment technology

In our lives, we make a number of important, sometimes life-changing decisions. The choice of a place of work is one of them, because a person’s social status, material well-being, well-being and self-awareness depend on the organization, position, environment in which a person works. It is with the search for a decent job that a business career begins or successfully continues. The famous aphorism “Who seeks will always find!” is the best way to find a job in today's labor market.

A person may be motivated to look for a job by various life circumstances. Graduates of educational institutions are looking for work in order to continue successful socialization; can look for a job qualified specialists who have reached their career or professional "ceiling" within the same organization. The reason for looking for a job may also be that the type of activity that a person has been doing so far has lost its relevance and is not in demand on the labor market. In the latter case we are talking, as a rule, not only about changing jobs, but also about changing professions. The search for a new job can also be motivated by dissatisfaction with the position held, the need for personal growth and self-expression, which is not realized in the existing job.

There are two main phases in the steps required to successfully find a new job. The first, so-called passive phase, includes the collection and analysis of information about vacancies, the preparation of resumes, and the preparation of letters of recommendation. At the same time, it is recommended to monitor and analyze information about the situation on the job market constantly, and not only when it becomes necessary to find or change jobs. The second phase involves the active work of the applicant. The following main stages of active employment activities can be distinguished:

1. Establishing contact with the employer (in writing, by phone, by e-mail, fax, in some cases - by personal appeal). The goal is to get an invitation for an interview.

2. Preparation for the interview (preparation of the necessary documentation, "playing" the interview situation, trial passing of the proposed tests, compiling a list of questions, collecting information about the company and potential employer, etc.). The goal is to make the best possible impression on the employer.

3. Passing an interview (a conversation with the employer, effective self-presentation, passing tests and questionnaires). The goal is to receive an invitation to vacant position.

4. Decision making (analysis of offered vacancies, selection of the optimal one). The goal is to make a choice that best meets the needs and capabilities of the applicant.

5. Feedback from the heads of other companies where the offer of services from the applicant was received (notification that the applicant does not need work at the moment, written or oral expression of gratitude for the fact that his candidacy was considered). The goal is to maintain contacts in case of a new appeal or further partnership.

It must be taken into account that the specifics of actions at each stage depend on the method of job search chosen by the applicant. At the present stage of development of the labor market, the following methods of job search are distinguished:

1. With the help of the state employment service. In similar services in employment centers, unemployed citizens can not only get information about the availability of vacancies and find suitable job but also undergo retraining and advanced training. All services are generally provided free of charge. The functions of the service also include the implementation of social payments in the form of unemployment benefits, as well as the provision of material assistance to the unemployed and their families who are in their care.

2. Through private employment services. Private employment services are divided into employment agencies and recruiting agencies. Employment agencies enter the applicant's resume into their database and offer vacancies as requests come in from employers. Here you can also get additional services: advanced training, retraining, qualifying exams, etc. The provision of all services to applicants is paid. Recruiting agencies differ from employment agencies in that they work on behalf of the employer. That is, they provide a paid service to the employer for the selection of an employee for an existing vacancy in accordance with the requirements put forward. Recruiting agency services are free for job seekers.

3. With the help of employment assistance services created in universities and other educational institutions. An example is the Center for Career and Employment of the KarSU. E.A. Buketova.

4. Through special publications on employment (newspapers, magazines, electronic media). There are 2 ways to find a job through employment publications. The first way is to view job postings. Telephone, fax or e-mail is usually offered as a means of communication with the employer. The key to success is in many ways the promptness of the response on the part of the applicant, since vacancies of interest are filled very quickly. The second way is to post your job ad. To achieve success in this case, it is necessary to correctly compose an advertisement: it is recommended to briefly describe the level of education, work experience, additional skills that are important for the professional activity of the applicant.

5. Through an appeal to friends. This method recommended primarily to those whose scope of contacts is quite wide. In addition to a verbal message that you are interested in a particular vacancy, it is recommended to provide each of your acquaintances with a copy of your resume. Having it, your friend will have specific information to provide to a potential employer or will be able to take it into account (in case the potential employer is himself).

6. By contacting the employer directly. It can be used if the company did not declare the presence of an open vacancy, but the applicant assumes that such a vacancy may be. At the same time, an effective means is to send out as many resumes as possible (necessarily supplemented cover letters). If there is no vacancy at the moment, but the applicant is of interest, then the resume is saved for the purpose of possible referral to it in the future. In exceptional cases, vacancies can be created specifically “for a person”.

7. Organized events - Career Days, Job Fairs are periodically held by specialized organizations. As a rule, there are many vacancies here. Usually these are positions that do not involve high level salary and social status, but with career prospects. Therefore, visiting these events can be recommended, first of all, to graduates of educational institutions who do not have the necessary work experience and are willing to work “for the future”. At the same time, employers, as a rule, are ready to contribute to their further training and professional development, which gives young employees a chance to take a higher position in the future within the same or another organization.

It makes sense for a job seeker not to be limited to one method, but to use the most effective combinations of them that meet the situation on the labor market, as well as the needs and individual characteristics of the applicant.

However, it should be borne in mind that, in addition to the professional and personal qualities of the applicant, the success of his employment depends on a number of factors related to the characteristics of the modern job market. For example, graduates of educational institutions often cannot get jobs that meet their needs and educational level. This "pitfall" of employment can be circumvented by getting a job in an organization of interest in a less attractive position for the applicant, provided that the organization provides prospects and opportunities for further professional and career growth.

Another significant obstacle (both for graduates and for people of mature age) may be the presence of an age limit when applying for a particular vacancy. An unexpected difficulty may also turn out to be not only too little, but also too solid experience in the specialty. In each of these cases, a well-written resume can help, as well as effective self-presentation in personal contact with the employer.

The final phase of finding and getting a new job is getting a job offer from the employer. It can be oral or written, in the form of a personal appeal. In Russia, such a document is not yet a common practice. However, in reputable companies with advanced management practices, such documents are indispensable. Therefore, receiving a documentary offer of a vacancy is, to some extent, an indirect guarantee that you are invited to work in a good company that focuses on Western business standards.

Before accepting an offer, it is necessary to evaluate its advantages, including career prospects, salary growth, training, etc. It is important to assess the financial status of the company, the stability of its position. You may need to do some research using the Internet to get to know the company's recent financial performance. As for small, private companies, you can evaluate them based on the information that you gleaned from interviews or from professionals in this type of business.

In order to properly evaluate a job offer, conditionally divide it into three parts:

1. Work as such.

2. Career opportunities.

3. Salary, bonuses and other benefits.

Take a close look at each component and ask yourself the following questions:

Are the tasks that you will have to perform daily really suitable for you? Will you find this job exciting (difficult but interesting) in a few months or not? Does the level of responsibility match what you want and expect in order to do the job effectively? Are you satisfied with the working conditions? Do they meet the required quality of work? Do you think you will enjoy working with your immediate supervisor and colleagues? Will it affect new job to change your lifestyle? Do you agree with the possible changes (more travel and business trips; more time to devote to work, longer commute to work, etc.). To what extent does this work coincide with your plans in general? Will it enable you to move forward towards your career goals? How interested are you in this business in general? What might be the prospects for a career in this business in five years? Is the compensation package large enough (including what you expect to earn from bonuses and commissions, if any) to cover your living expenses? Can the compensation package compete with packages offered by other companies in the industry or for similar work? How does the compensation package compare with the one you receive now or received at your last job? Does your health insurance suit your real needs? If you are hired, what percentage of the social package will you pay? How attractive and large are the side benefits (assuming the organization provides benefits such as a company car, reimbursement for tuition, vacation, etc.). The answers to these questions will help you assess the offer against your current and future expectations.

It is no secret that for vacancies with the same requirements for a candidate and approximately the same terms of reference, the difference in wages can be up to 100%.

First, it depends on the industry in which you intend to work. Everyone remembers the situation before the crisis, when salaries in banks were several times higher than in other companies. And this did not only apply to employees working with loans or securities in the so-called earning departments. This applied to cashiers, and secretaries, and programmers. In terms of content, their work differed little from similar work in other firms, but they received several times more. Now the situation is different - there are significantly fewer banks, and the salary in many of them leaves much to be desired.

Secondly, it depends directly on the company that hires the employee. A higher level of remuneration is offered by young dynamically developing companies. It is important for them to attract enterprising and talented people, and the short life expectancy of the company is compensated by slightly higher wages than the market average. Stable companies pay employees (this does not apply to top managers) usually at the lower average market bar, but they guarantee reliability and confidence in tomorrow, as well as a certain social package.

Thirdly, the level of payment depends on the impression that you were able to make on the employer. If he sees you as vital to the company, you may even get an increase in your originally advertised salary. But one should not think that such an increase is possible several times, most likely, in such cases we can talk about 20-25%.

Preparing for a salary discussion

First of all, determine the optimal level of remuneration for yourself. Research your market value. Before you go for an interview, make sure you have the latest salary information for the position you are applying for. Find out how much a specialist of your qualification earns. Recruitment agencies usually have salary ratings for professionals of different levels. Many professional journals also publish similar reports. Then decide which minimum wage you agree regardless of the nature of the proposed work: this is how you determine the limit of possible compromise. Then imagine a number that will make you smile and make your heart race. Thus, it turned out 3 figures: a minimum, a realistic salary that you can apply for, and your dream salary.

negotiation process

After you have calmly and thoroughly considered the job offer made to you, conduct all the preliminary research work, you will feel much more confident and prepared for a constructive dialogue with the employer. Start and negotiate with a strong understanding of your professional skills and adequate knowledge of their market value.

When negotiating wages, pay attention to the following points. Try to have the interviewer tell you the salary before you give your number. When you get an answer (from X to Y), you can compare these numbers with your salary requirements.

If you are directly asked how much you would like to earn, try not to give specific numbers and answer vaguely:

“I would return to the salary discussion when both I and you are sure that I am suitable for this position”;

“I believe that my payroll is based on industry standards and specific official duties»;

“And how much does a person who works in your company and has an education and experience like mine usually receive?”;

“Although money is an important factor, for me your work is attractive primarily because my qualifications fully meet your needs”;

"Based on the job description and the salary you pre-specify, we're talking about the same limits."

If a company representative still wants to hear your offer, set your average and highest numbers (from N to Z) as limits, but not the minimum and maximum.

Analyze for yourself the following typical cases that arise when negotiating wages, as well as possible reactions to them:

You've been given a great offer.

Possible response: “I have read your proposal carefully. I must admit that it is quite competitive. However, the monthly salary you suggested is 10% lower than what I am currently earning. While bonuses will help improve the situation, I would still suggest reconsidering the size of the base salary. Is it possible to change the amount of the offered salary?

You've been made good offer

Possible reaction: “Definitely, my expectations are almost justified. However, I was hoping for a slightly larger amount ranging from… to… How big are our opportunities for further salary discussions?

You have been offered a low salary

Possible response: “I really like your company and the job seems right. The successes of management and organizational strategy also look significant. The only thing we need to talk about, and the only thing holding me back, is the initial compensation package offer. Frankly, the salary is less than I expected. I am really interested in this position and to my knowledge $X is an approximate salary level. Other companies I negotiate with offer about that much. Can you do something in this direction?

If your salary negotiation efforts don't pan out and the company doesn't offer a salary that's acceptable to you, but you still want the job, save the conversation for later. Discuss with the employer the possibility of increasing wages in the future.

Ways to increase material rewards

1. Bonus (premium). Good as an addition to the salary, but when only a bonus is offered as payment, you must be aware of its instability. You may also be offered a year-end bonus in addition to your salary.

2. Salary review. Usually occurs 90-120 days after the start of work. You can negotiate a salary increase at the end of the probationary period.

3. Additional privileges. Their list may vary depending on traditions and corporate culture companies. Determine for yourself which of them could improve your standard of living by reducing current expenses.

Being well-prepared and confident, you will easily master the art of salary negotiation.

So, if you pay attention to the suggested job search tips, you can be sure that your search will end up not only in getting the position you want, but also the salary you deserve.

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Management tests in the specialization "Personnel Management" on the topic: "Employment Technology". Suitable for testing the knowledge of students studying in the humanities.

Ways to find a job include

• -: using private services
• - through friends
• -: with the help of the state employment service
• +: All answers are correct.

What phases can be distinguished in the process of finding a new job:

• - first and second
• - initial and final
• +: active and passive
• - Primary and secondary.

What is the purpose of the stage of establishing contact with the employer:

• +: getting an invitation for an interview

What is the purpose of the pre-interview stage?

• +: make a good impression on the employer
• - Receiving an invitation to a vacant position
• - selection from the offered vacancies

What is the purpose of the interview stage?

• - Receive an invitation for an interview
• - to make a good impression on the employer
• +: receiving an invitation to a vacant position
• - selection from the offered vacancies

What is the purpose of the decision making stage?

• - Receive an invitation for an interview
• - to make a good impression on the employer
• - Receiving an invitation to a vacant position
• +: choice from the offered vacancies

The purpose of which stage is to save contacts in case of a new request

• -: decision-making stage
• - the stage of the interview
• +: stage of feedback with the leaders of other firms
• - Preparing for an interview.

What method of job search should the applicant use if he not only wants to find a job, but can also undergo retraining and advanced training for free?

• +: with the help of public service
• -: with the help of private employment services
• - using newspapers and magazines
• - with the help of friends.

What is not an advantage of the hidden job market

• - You have fewer competitors
• +: you have more competitors
• -: You are more likely to find a job that suits you
• -: you have the option to create a new position

Before accepting a job offer, you need to evaluate

• +: career prospects
• -: number of enterprises
• - your physical health
• -number of competitors in the company

What does not apply to proposal evaluation approaches

• -: expert advice
• -: logic numbers
• +: sociological survey

If you find it difficult to evaluate this job offer and you turn to the opinions of other people, then you are using

• +: expert advice
• -: logic numbers
• -: sociological survey
• -: emotional and intuitive evaluation

If you are a rational and logical person, then in a situation of acceptance it can help you

• -: expert advice
• +: number logic
• -: sociological survey
• -: emotional and intuitive evaluation

If you have a well-developed intuition, then most likely when evaluating a job offer you will use

• -: expert advice
• -: logic numbers
• -: sociological survey
• +: emotional and intuitive evaluation

What does wage spread depend on?

• - from the industry in which you intend to work
• -: from the company that hires the employee
• +: from your appearance
• - from the impression that you were able to make on the employer

When negotiating wages,

• -: first name the salary figure
• +: wait until the interviewer himself announces the salary
• - avoid talking about wages at all costs
• - to accept any salary