Design and research work "graffiti". Presentation on art on the topic "graffiti is the language of youth" Presentation on the topic of graffiti on society

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The term "graffiti" is used to classify a type of art that is generally prohibited by law. Today, graffiti is associated primarily with an alternative form of urban culture. Graffiti can be classified as any type of street painting on walls, on which you can find everything from simple written words to exquisite drawings. Currently, spray art, that is, drawing graffiti using spray paint, has become widespread.

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First Graffiti The first "graffiti" - inscriptions and drawings, in the original sense of a satirical and caricature character, were found on ancient monuments and ancient vessels. The ancient Romans applied graffiti to walls and statues, examples of which also survive in Egypt. Graffiti in the classical world had a completely different meaning and content than in modern society. Ancient graffiti were love confessions, political rhetoric, and just thoughts that could be compared with today's popular messages about social and political ideals. As a manifestation of "grassroots" creativity, "graffiti" interested many artists who sought to free themselves from conventions and stereotypes. The works of Joan Miro and Paul Klee are similar in style to the "pictures" of street art. Graffiti was appreciated by Picasso and Hugo. Something similar to graffiti is also found in the caves of ancient people, as well as in ancient Egypt and Greece.

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Appointment Graffiti Graffiti can be simple drawings or inscriptions, but usually they are quite complex monochrome or multicolor compositions. The authors of graffiti are called writers - "writers". There is a version that the development of street images was supported by enterprising drug dealers, who, using drawings and encrypted inscriptions that did not say anything to either the police or passers-by, informed teenagers about the place where drugs were sold, prices, and so on. Over time, from a secret form of communication, "graffiti" has become a common means of communication for teenagers. Usually it is voluminous, mostly red-black-blue "juicy" graphics.

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Graffiti tools The ideal tool for self-expression is an ordinary spray can of paint, acting like a deodorant. It is transportable, fully meets the needs for speed and ease of drawing, visual efficiency, paint from it fits perfectly on most of the existing surfaces. Different sizes of nozzles and outlets of spray cans contribute to the achievement of all kinds of special effects, creating powerful graphic elements and the illusion of image mobility. Combining the technique of cubism and abstract graphic art, often difficult to read, the graffiti style gives the compositions a certain mystique.

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Style Wars A style revolution came when Pistol 1 - the Brooklyn master - first painted in 3D. The work consisted of the actual name itself in red and white with a blue border, giving it a three-dimensional feel. Writers from all over New York flocked to appreciate his work. After a while, everyone was doing 3D with their own touches. The style wars have begun. As soon as culture declared itself in full voice, the documentary film "Style Wars" (1984) was shot, books were written.

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Problems with the authorities Another sore point is the relationship with the city authorities. As long as there is graffiti, so much it is persecuted. Those who stand guard over law and order insist that the painting of municipal property poses a serious threat to society. Many American riders paid for their work with impressive fines, some went to jail. In many megacities, graffiti artists were once assigned the so-called “legitimate walls and courtyards”. But there are not enough officially permitted areas for everyone.

Problems with the authorities Another sore point is the relationship with the city authorities. As long as there is graffiti, so much it is persecuted. Those who stand guard over law and order insist that the painting of municipal property poses a serious threat to society. Many American riders paid for their work with impressive fines, some went to jail. In many cities, graffiti artists were once assigned so-called legal walls and courtyards. But there are not enough officially permitted areas for everyone.

The style and technique of graffiti as a special kind of urban "underground" art is constantly evolving and improving. Each country brought something new and fresh to this art. Graffiti cannot be controlled or eradicated by banning it. Therefore, as a form of art and a means of expressing views, it is flexible, inclusive and free from censorship.

Podolskaya Daria

Design - research"Graffiti", authored by the student Daria Podolskaya, aims to address the question of the meaning of the art of Graffiti: Is graffiti art or vandalism? The purpose of her work was to get acquainted with the history of the emergence and development of Graffiti in Russia, to study the types and methods of creating graffiti drawings, and also to create her own sketch (sketch).

She independently found all the necessary information on sites on the Internet, read encyclopedias. During the study of this topic, Daria considered all types of graffiti. She dismantled the terminology used in this art, got acquainted with a variety of techniques for creating drawings, focusing on the form of "freestyle". In this work, Daria studied the history of the emergence of the Graffiti movement in Russia. The result of the work was the creation of a sketch (sketch) in the style of "freestyle" and his own tag.

Design and research work is presented in the form computer presentation, printed work and booklet.

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Moscow Department of Education

Southern Administrative District

State educational institution

School No. 728

Subject:

(design and research work)

Project idea: 3rd grade student "A" Podolskaya Daria

Project Manager:primary school teacher,

class teacher 3 "A" Ignatova Oksana Valerievna

Moscow 2010

Annotation.

Often walking down the street, on a building, garage or fence, you can see something bright, huge, incomprehensible. You stop, trying to figure it out, fantasize and rack your brains. Finally, letters appear in front of you, but it is impossible to make out which ones. These letters are like a big task that must be solved by all means, without knowing either the formulas or the course of the solution.

This task is called - graffiti.

You can relate to this manifestation in different ways. But, experiencing either admiration or hostility, hardly anyone thought about the fact that in front of him was a piece of art. An art that has been known since ancient times and continues to develop dynamically.

So, if you want to keep up with the times and culture, get acquainted with graffiti.

Goal of the work:

prove that graffiti is art;
create your own sketch (sketch) to decorate courtyard buildings.

Tasks:

Learn what graffiti is.
Learn the history of graffiti.
Learn graffiti styles.
Learn how to draw graffiti.
Create your own project (sketch).

Stages of work:

Studying the history of the development of graffiti, acquaintance with various directions and styles of graffiti.

Sources of information: encyclopedias, reference books, magazines, Internet sites.

Acquaintance with the directions of graffiti in our area.

Sources of information: Internet sites, magazines, excursion around the area, conversation with writers.

Systematization of the collected material.

Studying the features of graffiti drawing.

Sources of information: Internet sites, magazines.

Create your own sketch.

Preparing to defend the project.

1. The origins of graffiti.

2. The 20th century is the beginning of the history of modern graffiti.

3. Forms of graffiti.

4. Styles of graffiti.

5. Graffiti technique.

6. Writer's Dictionary.

8. Graffiti in Russia.

9. Graffiti - as part of youth culture.

10. Conclusion.

11.App.

The origins of graffiti.

The history of the term Graffiti takes us to a prehistoric man painting on a cave wall. The first samples of graffiti were found on ancient monuments.

The rock paintings of the Tamgaly tract, in 2004, included in the World Heritage List, are widely known. The rock paintings of ancient people can tell us a lot about what happened in their lives. In ancient Egypt, tombs and pyramids are filled with rock paintings. In the tombs of the pharaohs, for example, it was customary to depict their entire life path from birth to death. A lot of interesting information about the life of the ancient Romans made it possible to obtain graffiti found during the excavation of Pompeii.

Ancient Greece And Ancient Rome, also left a lot of rock evidence that reminds us of their existence. The Greeks loved to write down wise sayings, the Romans noted in the drawings the valor of soldiers, the beauty of women.

Graffiti was widespread in pre-Columbian America. In one of the largest Mayan settlements of Tikal, many perfectly preserved drawings were discovered.

Eastern Slavs have a long and rich history of graffiti. 10 graffiti of the 11th century have been preserved in Novgorod. Mostly Old Russiangraffiti are writings on the walls of temples, so their most frequent content is prayer requests.

Thus, we conclude that rock paintings can be called the very first graffiti on earth.

The 20th century is the beginning of the history of modern graffiti.

The history of graffiti comes from the Greek word "Graphein" meaning "to write", and from the Italian word "Graffito" - "scratch". Graffiti has become an element that has changed appearance streets at the end of the 20th century, and the mention of this word conjures up many different images in the imagination of a person.

Graffiti as we know it today originated in New York City as part of hip-hop culture. In the early 60s, a young Julio from 204 street began writing his "tag" (pseudonym) Julio 204 on the subway. all parts of the city were signed with the tag. But the very phenomenon of writing graffiti gained popularity when a young 17-year-old Greek named Demitrios named Teiki from the Washington Heights district of Manhattan put the tag "Taki 183" throughout New York, especially in the subway .

He worked as a messenger, traveling all five districts of the city daily. Along the way, he left his name everywhere, regularly updating his marks. Taki 183 became famous throughout the city and became the first true king of graffiti. Moreover, dozens and then hundreds of American teenagers followed his example.

In 1971, a reporter from the New York Times found Taki and interviewed him to find out the meaning of this message. The article "Taki 183 spawns pen pals" was the first of a kind of articles devoted to graffiti.

Over the next year and after the publication of the mentioned article, the phenomenon of self-expression by young people through subway painting increased to such an extent that it became a whole movement, and subsequently it was called hip-hop graffiti.

During the early days of graffiti, writers and trains had an almost spiritual connection to each other. The subway was the nexus for graffiti, it was an icon for graffiti writers who wanted their work to be seen by the public and other writers.

The writers have created alternative system communication for guys who, one way or another, had access to a wide avenue of street information.

The writers had subway lines that they preferred depending on the surface of the trains and their routes.

The best writers in the city have always kept an eye on top-class wagons for their work, which traveled around the vast areas of the city.

It helped to be recognized and become famous.

The danger of the "3-rail" being under voltage, the possibility of being arrested and other troubles only added to the adrenaline and the desire to make a "throw" (getting up). Graffiti was also written on walls, buildings, etc., but the subway was out of competition. She also emphasized direction and movement - something difficult to achieve on walls.

The 1970s were a great time for graffiti - it was a year of invention. These were the years when the history of graffiti began and its development to the present day.

Graffiti forms.

There are seven fundamental forms of graffiti and although there are many, over a thousand different styles, the forms are uniquely defined among graffiti writers. Forms are characterized by complexity, location and size. Below is

hierarchical order of graffiti shapes:

TAGS (tags) - the tags already mentioned are the writer's nickname, pseudonym painting and the simplest form graffiti. Tags are used to make the name of the writer "in sight", the more there are, the more "fame" of the writer.

THROW-UPS - "sketch" - a more developed form of the tag, which is usually quickly applied to the surfaces of trains, walls, etc. using a balloon. Writers usually use bubble letters to write a 2-3 letter name. Usually two colors are used, one for the outline and one for the fill-in. This shape is the fastest way to create large pieces of work.

PIECES -(pises)-pieces, paintings is a term used for masterpieces. Pieces are considered the most prominent form of graffiti. They usually use more letters than sketches and are more elaborate. When part of the subway car was covered with a piece of work longer than the car itself and covering the windows, several more forms were born.

TOP TO BOTTOMS (top to bottom) - this definition refers to pieces that cover part of the car from top to bottom, but not the entire length of the car.

END TO ENDS (from edge to edge) - work covering the car from one end to the other, but not completely in height.

WHOLE CARS (whole car) is a fully painted subway car - from top to bottom and edge to edge (including windows).

The first "whole car" was made in 1973 by a Flint 707, which was doubly amazing because the piece was done in 3-D. The “whole car” is a rather large surface, so the work was often done by a group of writers

ditch or "crew". The writers who made the "whole car" were revered

among other writers, especially when the car was done in a good style.

WHOLE TRAINS "whole train".

However, whole trains were rare, mostly writers in search of fame made two cars each (known as "worms" - worms).

Over time, the number of drawing writers has increased so much that in order to distinguish their sign from countless others, in addition to increasing the scale / intensity ratios, some kind of new way. The process of active stylistic search has begun…

Graffiti styles.

THROW-UP is a style that characterizes images made very quickly. They are created using ordinary curved lines and look like letters roughly filled in white or silver, with one or two outlines superimposed on top. Throw ups are preferred by bombers. Quantity for them more important than quality. The main element of their creativity is speed. In a short period of time, they manage to put their own names in several places.

Very often, the work of bombers differs sharply from the work of genuine writers or stylers. Bombers choose hard-to-reach and dangerous places, but, nevertheless, noticeable to the audience. Even real writers work in the Throw up style, creating a complex composition from the initial character.

BLOCKBUSTERS are large, often three-dimensional and very wide letters. In some cases, they can be made using a contour, but sometimes backlighting is also used, for which white and silver are preferred.

streaked paint. A feature of the blocks is the use of a roller for painting the inner field. With a very large size, a group is connected to the work. Blockbusters, as opposed to New York based

Throw up style appeared in Los Angeles, where they were used to mark their territory by street gangs. Huge inscriptions served as a kind of border zone of influence.

BUBLES- translated from English, the word means "bubble". Drawn in several colors, more difficult to perform than the previous two. Also often used in bombing. More characteristic of the old school, now out of fashion.

The concept of "dynamic style" includes all the directions that existed in the New York school in the 80s. Within this style, independent currents stand out. Nevertheless, all of them are characterized by a pronounced dynamics of forms, which appeared under the influence of pieces that adorned the train cars. Therefore, dynamic style letters should be seen in motion. Below are some of the more interesting examples.

WILD STYLE - translated from English "wild style".

This is a dynamic style, difficult to read. It is drawn in 3-4 or more colors, with many different ciphers, with overlay and interlacing of letters. Difficult to execute, already experienced writers draw with this style. Usually they are painted in a quiet place, and they work on such a piece for a long time. It requires serious preparation, on the sketch (sketch) you need to take into account all the subtleties. Unlike previous styles, in Wild you can

create real masterpieces.

COMPUTER ROC STYLE- came up with Case 2 from New York.

Fracture style. It involves the division of letters into separate fragments, inclined in different directions.

MESSIAH STYLE - was invented by the New Yorker Vulcan, whose work is characterized by a very peculiar color scheme.

CAMO STYLE- came up with Spyder 7. A style that draws strength in color and in the game of "loop" (loop), that is, the places where letters join. For that,

to make the image more difficult to copy, "loops" are displayed in several places of the letters, following the previous ones. This is a fast paced and emotional style.

3D STYLE or FX or DAIM STYLE- a style unique to new school. Designed by a DAIM writer who currently draws for one of the most famous teams, FX Cru. A very difficult style in order to

to draw in it, you need talent. Made in absolute volume, using chiaroscuro. You can meet it extremely rarely, such works are usually performed at competitions or on order, as it is necessary great amount time and paint, a calm environment and a good wall.

Such works are real masterpieces.

CHARACTER STYLE These are drawings that look like cartoons.

and comics. Sometimes a speech frame characteristic of comics is used. Not all writers own this style, since it requires certain skills and talent.

FREESTYLE - “free style”, it combines other styles. What comes to mind is drawn without a sketch. As a rule, it should be a fresh and extraordinary idea. Most of the time, nothing comes of it.

SOFT DYNAMIC STYLE- goes back to the camouflage style, but the lines become softer, less choppy and sharp, even if the image remains dynamic. Twisted letters are always indistinguishable and difficult to read. They are accompanied by curved lines and numerous embellishments in softer forms. This style is imitated by many, so it exists in various variations.

How to learn to draw graffiti? If a beginner is going to do not only fonts, but also graffiti-style drawings, then for this you can visit specialized schools and studios. But if about this

to speak briefly

The graffiti technique is as follows:

1. First, a sketch (sketch) is drawn, as if a layout of the drawing. This is one of the main components of successful work. On the sketch, everything should be done neatly and cleanly, legibly.

2. Then you need to find a place for future work. The place plays very important role and you need to choose it depending on what you are going to draw. You need to look at the quality of the wall itself, it should be smooth, not porous.

3. After the wall is found, you need to prepare it. You can paint over it completely with some color or make a background. The background of the picture is of great importance. You can also prime the wall.

4. First you need to draw a sketch of the work on the wall. It is necessary to place its main elements, draw contours, approximate outlines of letters. It is better to do this in a pale color, so that it is easier to correct later.

5. First you need to paint over the letters with color, color the entire drawing, then outline its contours with one line. When everything is drawn, step back a little, see what happened, correct where it is required and that's it. The work is done. Do not forget to sign the name, well, and a couple of other words.

This is the technique of applying large drawings. For small works, the technique is somewhat different, some items are not needed there. The technique is rather conditional, since it is not at all necessary to prepare a wall, it is not necessary to make a sketch on the wall, even a sketch does not have to be drawn. There are people who don't sketch at all and are great at painting on walls. But this requires some talent and practice.

IN modern world, as in many newfangled trends, there is a language of communication that is understandable only to their representatives. Graffiti is no exception.

Writer's Dictionary.

burner -particularly bright and outstanding piece(as per sub-

boron colors, and in size).

Taggers -those who are engaged only in the placement of tags.

Cap - a nozzle on a cylinder. There are different nozzles,

allowing you to adjust the thickness of the line.

To tag(go taggin) - put down your tags.

to bomb - bomb. Throw throw-ups on walls, trains, etc.

To piece - draw a piece (piece).

to kill - specifically draw a wall, a wagon ...

To rack some cans -steal cylinders. Initially, most writers stole cylinders from local

household shops.

Yard, train, yard - depot, sump for trains. Now everything

more writers are moving onto freight trains and, accordingly, now the cesspools for freight workers are called yard or freight yard.

Whole car -piece or throw-up on the whole car.Side-to-side

piece that stretches or repeats throughout

wagon length.

top-to-bottom - a piece drawn in the entire height of the car.

outline - edging letters, shadows, etc. Filling - sketching inside outlines (not including details).

wild style - a complex style of writing letters, in which everything is reduced to weave, intersection and broken lines, which makes some pieces almost unreadable.

bubble letter - one of the very first and oldest styles in graffiti. A style of writing letters, where the main thing is softness

and volume of forms.

Daim style -style developed by writer Daim.

Letter style in 3D, drawn without outline, main focus

placed in the shadows.

Dope, sick, ill, cold, off tha hook, tha shit- conventional hip hop

equivalents to "cool", "really nice", etc.

blackbook,piecebook,sketchbook-, notepad, notebook in which the writer makes his sketches.

Sketch -sketch, sketch. It can be either black and white or

and colored.

The term toy means:

Inexperienced man in graffiti

A person who is in graffiti not because of the love of art, but for other reasons.

To bite -copy someone's style.

To buff - paint over pieces. Often this is done by city authorities, "anti-graffiti" teams.

To cross out - put your piece on top of another piece

writer. Considered an act of disrespect.

Beef - enmity, problems.

There is a written code of honor that all self-respecting graffiti artists try to follow.

Graffiti code.

You can not paint houses representing cultural value, and in general, to draw on residential buildings. You can’t write on the names of other writers, especially on other people’s works, on tombstones: painting memorial walls and cars is death! Those who write on other people's work deserves contempt. A separate and intractable case is damage to work, here is the moral

generally powerless. The result is DESPITE FOREVER.

Graffiti in Russia.

The history of our (then still Soviet) graffiti began in 1985, simultaneously with the fashion for break dance. Which is quite natural, because both are part of the hip-hop culture. “In the mid-80s,” recalls one of the founders of Russian graffiti, Kaliningrader Max-Navigator, “break-festivals swept across the country like a wave. It all started in the Baltic States: Siauliai, Palanga, Ogre. And then for five years in different cities of the USSR, from Kaliningrad to Gorky and Donetsk, grandiose youth shows continued. less than the dizzying pirouettes of the dancers.

“Through the familiar sailors who have been to America,” says Max, “we literally scratched out everything that had at least some relation to our hobby.”

Pretty soon, bright drawings appeared on the streets of Kaliningrad and St. Petersburg. After almost ten years, Moscow finally “swayed”. Another sore point is relations with the city authorities. Razrisovy-

running nightclubs or making scenery for video clips is, of course, not bad. But the place of any true graffiti master is, first of all, on the street. Industrial Moscow, as visitors correctly notice

masters, “there is clearly a lack of fresh, bright graffiti that would please the eye and warm the soul.” Lately our graffiti has noticeably rejuvenated. Next to the thirty-year-old artists of the “first call”, who had to figure out almost everything with their own minds, more and more often you can see beginners who are exactly two times younger than them. only three or four people who are very actively engaged in graffiti, another 15-20 "get up against the wall" from time to time. For the majority, this is just a tribute to fashion, which, like any other fashion, is transient. But, according to the "old people", fashion is fashion, and yet many of our young graffiti artists draw "even more interesting than the artists from the neighboring, already pretty" tinted " Poland". At the moment, there are about 100 teams in Russia (of which about 70 are in Moscow and St. Petersburg). I will name a few of the most famous: Moby Crew, BFG Team, Uptown Moscow Crew, Depict Crew, SPP Crew, STC and GZ Crew.

Graffiti is part of youth culture.

Today, graffiti artists can be roughly divided into two categories. The former put the artistic value of the drawing above all else, while the latter approach the art of graffiti as a means of expressing their ideas.

For example, radical punk and hardcore groups are the authors of slogans like Punk not Dead, Straight Age or Go Vegan. If everything is clear with the first statement about the eternal life of punks, then the following can be said about the rest of the inscriptions. Go Vegan is a favorite slogan of harsh young people listening to heavy music, but at the same time having gentle

hearts. These guys can't even think about eating food of animal origin. They are vegetarians. A little less advanced on the conservation of flora and fauna, the characters prefer Straight slogans.

Age. They promote healthy lifestyle life, respect the music of bands like Sick Of It All or War Zone. In Moscow, there are many crews involved in graffiti art. They are groups,

united by a common idea and passions. Moreover, as a rule, there is a kind of division of labor in the crew: one part draws graffiti, the other part rides a skateboard, the third one plays music. Like in any company, any crew has its own inner fashion, its own drawings.

Their creations are used in clips, design of clubs, discos and magazines. Widely known rollerbladers in narrow circles prefer to see their ramps (special bollards for improving skating) painted in graffiti.

Graffiti is drawn for various reasons: to express a protest or an appeal, to report a fact or incident, about one's feelings - anger, hatred, happiness, joy or love, or simply to decorate the gray and dull landscape of the city. You can consider this a way of self-expression. And this way precisely because it is often the only way Express yourself,

accessible to literally every teenager.

Graffiti rarely goes unnoticed, especially if it is bright and beautiful. Many people could express their ideas, thoughts in verse, and in many other ways, but not everyone can

Only a few have the ability to promote their creativity to the masses. Therefore, it makes sense to be more attentive to graffists - they really have something to say to the representatives of the older generation. Legalization of graffiti

can help the state to bring this phenomenon under control. So really talented people get an opportunity for self-realization, dull landscapes begin to delight the eyes of residents with bright

drawings, and marginals who do not have a license, and other lovers of writing on the walls law enforcement can fine with a clear conscience.

By listening to the opinion of those who pick up a spray can out of a sense of protest, the state can avoid many antisocial manifestations and youth aggression. In addition, by encouraging the creative impulses of these

illegal artists, we can really make the world around us more beautiful, brighter and more interesting.

Conclusion.

After doing my research on graffiti, I

made the following conclusions:

Yes, graffiti is indeed art.

of the 21st century with already formed styles of writing various works worthy of honor

and praise.

This art is constantly evolving, and in the future

I think we're in for something even more stunning. After all, exhibitions are already taking place

works of outstanding writers. This culture will be developed

will turn into whole museums of street works.

I also don't consider graffiti vandalism, because

vandalism is the causing of injury or damage, and when

you transform and do better, then this is creation. Those who are talented and skillfully managed

with aerosol cans, I think, waiting for the light

future, if, of course, they really create

extreme masterpieces.

Graffiti is a way of conveying information

tions or moods, beliefs of the painter, and are created

they only when they have something to say to others.

Purpose of the work: Is graffiti an art? Create your own sketch (sketch) to decorate courtyard buildings.

Tasks of the work: 1. What is graffiti? 2. The history of the development of graffiti. 3. Styles of graffiti. 4. How to draw graffiti? 5. Creation of a project (sketch).

Graffiti (from Italian "to scratch") - inscriptions or drawings on the walls of buildings, on train cars and on fences.

Writers - people who do graffiti

The history of graffiti "From the origins of the universe, They rise in the tablets of memory From the days of the past there are legends, About the art of ancient graffiti" Rock paintings of ancient people can tell us about many things that happened in their lives.

In ancient Egypt, tombs and pyramids are filled with rock paintings. On the territory of the architectural complex of Giza, a lot of graffiti left by builders and pilgrims was discovered. Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome also left a lot of rock evidence. Graffiti on the walls of the excavated city of Pompeii gave a lot of interesting information about the life of the ancient Romans.

Medieval graffiti in Rus' In Novgorod, 10 graffiti from the 11th century have been preserved. For the most part, ancient Russian graffiti is written on the walls of churches, so their most frequent content is prayer requests to God or saints.

Modern graffiti New York is called the birthplace of graffiti. It was there, in the late 60s, being an integral part of the hip-hop culture, that it began to become widespread. One of the first writers was a New York boy named Demetrios. He began to draw his pseudonym (TAKI) and his street number (183) in various parts of the city. Other teenagers followed suit and began to draw their names.

Graffiti in Russia 1985 can be considered the date of birth of domestic graffiti. It was then, at break dance festivals, that the first examples of Soviet “scratching” began to appear. Naturally, initially they were quite immature, yielding to foreign ones. But in the future, domestic writers made an undoubted contribution to the development of graffiti as a form of art.

Graffiti styles Wild Style ("wild style") This style is characterized by unreadable letters of the word. They are so confusing that they are almost impossible to read. This is due to the fact that the writer adds additional elements to the letters, which distort the true meaning of the letter.

FX (or 3 D style, “volumetric style”) This style was invented in the 90s. It differs by the absolute volume of letters. Very difficult to perform. To come up with such a picture, you must have a developed imagination and extraordinary thinking. In this case, it is necessary that all the letters are combined with each other, and it is clear what is written.

Character - it uses characters performed in the style of comics. Sometimes there is a frame of speech. It can contain either the writer's tag or the character's speech. When depicting a character, needle attachments are used to highlight fine lines, hair, wrinkles, etc. Not every writer masters this style, as it requires artistic skills.

Blockbusters are large, often three-dimensional and very wide letters. A feature of the blocks is the use of a roller for painting the inner field. With a very large size, a group is connected to the work.

Works of Chertanovsky writers

Graffiti is… ART? VANDALISM?

MY SKETCH (freestyle)

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Appointment Graffiti

Graffiti can be simple drawings or inscriptions, but usually it is quite complex monochrome or multicolor compositions. The authors of graffiti are called writers - "writers". There is a version that the development of street images was supported by enterprising drug dealers, who, using drawings and encrypted inscriptions that did not say anything to either the police or passers-by, informed teenagers about the place where drugs were sold, prices, and so on. Over time, from a secret form of communication, "graffiti" has become a common means of communication for teenagers. Usually it is voluminous, mostly red-black-blue "juicy" graphics.

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graffiti tools

The ideal tool for self-expression is an ordinary spray can of paint, acting on the principle of a deodorant. It is transportable, fully meets the needs for speed and ease of drawing, visual efficiency, paint from it fits perfectly on most of the existing surfaces. Different sizes of nozzles and outlets of spray cans contribute to the achievement of all kinds of special effects, creating powerful graphic elements and the illusion of image mobility. Combining the technique of cubism and abstract graphic art, often difficult to read, the graffiti style gives the compositions a certain mystique.

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Types of Graffiti Writting Bombing Scratching Tagging

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Literature used: 1. Wikipedia - http://ru.wikipedia.org 2. Graffiti - http://www.corsar-art.nm.ru/site/write/graffiti.htm 3. All about graffiti culture in Russian - http://graffiti.sitecity.ru/index.phtml 4. Google Search (Pictures) - http://www.google.ru/imghp?hl=ru&tab=wi 5. Graffiti and street art - http:// vivacity.ru / 6. Styles and types of graffiti - http://morfas.narod.ru/styles.html

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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Open art lesson in 7th grade

Lesson topic: "Graffiti - modern language youth »

Target: do a job in "graffiti"

To acquaint students with the history of graffiti, its styles;

To form skills and abilities in the execution of the font;

Develop creative imagination;

Cultivate respect for other people's work;

Tasks:

a) Teach students to work neatly, rationally and independently; to systematize and deepen the knowledge of students and their ideas on this topic.

b) To develop in children an aesthetic perception of the world around them, initiative and independence, a culture of communication, creative imagination, the ability to observe, analyze, compare, compare, generalize, graphic skills and abilities; study the properties of colors and techniques for finding new colors; expand knowledge about the possibilities of art materials.

c) educate empathyynie successes and failures of comrades; sustained attention, observation, a sense of mutual assistance, teamwork skills, a responsible attitude to work and the results of work.

Lesson type: Presentation.

Lesson plan:

1.Org. moment

2.Message topic and purpose

4. Explanation of the learning task

5.Fizminutka

6.Independent work students - performing creative compositions

7. Collective analysis of works and reflection

8. Lesson summary, consolidation of the material covered

9. Homework

10.Cleaning the workplace

Equipment:

for the teacher: computer, children's work

for students: album, pencil, eraser, paints, brushes, palette, water jar

During the classes:

Org. moment

Message topic and purpose

Guys! Look at these photos, what do you see? (slides 1-5). Who are these people, what do they do? You like? If it's so beautiful, why don't we develop this street art? Would you like to see such buildings in your village? Do you know everything about this art form? What do you think the topic of the lesson is?

The topic of today's lesson is "Graffiti is the modern language of youth" (slide 6). We will get acquainted in the lesson with the concept of graffiti, learn about the history of the emergence and origin of graffiti as an art. Let's get acquainted with the main styles of this direction, learn to recognize styles from pictures. And at the end of the lesson you will do practical work in one of the graffiti styles.

3. Teacher's message with slide show

First, listen to the history of graffiti and its main styles.

Graffiti and graffito come from the Italian concept

graffiato ("scribbled"). (slide 7).

Graffiti (Italian)graffiti , plural ofgraffito , literally - scrawled). Initiatory, magical and household inscriptions on the walls of buildings, metal products, vessels, etc. V in large numbers are found during excavations of ancient cities and are familiar to us from rock carvings (slide 8).

Currently, this term refers to drawings made in a certain style. (slide 9)

Graffiti-inscriptions or drawings on the walls of buildings and passages, train cars, as well as fences and other vertical surfaces. It is considered one of the types of self-expression of youth.

(slide 10). In New York in the late 1960s named Demetrius in protest against drugs and related fights, the death of his friends began to display his creative pseudonymTAKIand his street number 183 on walls and subway stations throughout Manhattan. Such inscriptions began to be called "TAGS". These tags at the beginning were no different from the astrakhan fur in the entrance. Demetrius wrote with a simple marker. Soon other teenagers noticedTAKIand began to display their own names.

Since 1971, competitions for teenagers in the image of TEGs began. Talented teenagers turned TEGs into real paintings, because characters and industrial landscapes from American comics and Japanese cartoons were selected for their pseudonym and street name. TAGS become colored because they began to use pulver (spray cans). (slide 11)

In 1972, several graffiti brigades appeared, because teenagers wanted to be and create together. Super Coll painted the largest color painting of the time. He noticed that replacing the narrow caps with thicker caps would allow him to cover more of the surface with broad sweeping "strokes". And now Super Coll with yellow and pink balloons wrote his name on the composition. The result was bold pink letters with a yellow border. Although the work was rather mediocre, but at the same time, it was the most colorful and expressive drawing in the graffiti world at that time. (slide 12).

In 1983, the authorities declared war on graffiti. There were problems with the authorities. Michael Stewart was caught painting by the police and beaten to death. At this time there is a division of graffiti art. Talented teenagers who really adorned the city were looking for more complex forms of self-realization, self-expression, they painted in the allotted places, but at the same time respected the freedom of self-expression.

(slide 13)

They becamewriters - elite creating youth street culture. (slide 14). For them, quality mattered. Those who wanted success expressed themselves through Wright. Wright has become not only an extreme kind of leisure, a kind of self-realization. And those teenagers who remained at the level of primitive TEGs and simply spoiled the walls, metro, transport - they began to callbombers. (slide 15) Bombing offended human dignity and angered people. The goal of the bombers is to mark, to indicate their presence, to draw attention to themselves by hooligan action. (slide 16).

The bombers were looking for a victory over their fears, failure, inability to rise to art. So they declared war. Drawing graffiti on buildings and structures without the permission of the owners of these objects is treated in the criminal law of many countries as vandalism. In some European countries, in order to draw graffiti, you need to get a license. (slide 17)

Gradually formed the style of drawingBubble (“bubble”), in (slide 18) in which all the letters were rounded, became similar to each other and turned out to be inflated, like bubbles, ready to burst and burst. Most often, few colors were used, mostly 2 or 3. In addition to this style, there are many other styles. Here are the most basic ones:

(slide 19) Wild style ("wild style"), in which the letters are intertwined in some kind of unreadable maze. This style is distinguished, first of all, by the unreadability of the letters of the word. They are so confusing that sometimes even people who understand graffiti and draw it are not able to make out the inscription, not to mention ordinary people. And only those who draw in this style themselves will be able to read the text of the drawing without much difficulty. This happens, first of all, due to the fact that the writer adds additional elements to the letters, which divert attention from the letters.

(slide 20) Messiah style - a style invented in New York. The letters look layered, as if multiple images of the same letter are stacked on top of each other.

(slide 21) character - it uses characters performed in the style of comics. Sometimes there is a frame of speech. It can contain either the signature of the writer (autograph), or the speech of the character. In the background there is often an inscription made in a different style. When depicting a character, needle attachments are used to highlight fine lines, hair, wrinkles, and so on. Not every writer owns this style, as it requires artistic skills. Therefore, graffiti in this style is more often performed by teams -cru ( crew).

(slide 22) Blockbusters - huge letters using a background that is made with a roller. Their performance is something like a trademark of some kind of cru.

(slide 23)Dime Style ( Daim style ), or 3 D -style, very popular now, especially painted on asphalt. (slide 24).

There are many famous "writers" or "street art artists". Today the star of graffiti is the artistBanksy (Robert Banks). This man is from Bristol. Within a few years, he made a career from an unknown draftsman to one of the most popular artists in the world. facesBanksy no one saw, he carefully hides his biography from the press. Presumably this is due to the fact that graffiti in public places is illegal. For my drawingsBanksy threatens a prison term. PaintingsRobert Banks, made on the walls of houses are an example for every serious writer. These are not empty letters, but serious works on social and public topics. WorksBanksy are sold at auctions for 30-600 thousand dollars.

(Slide 25) There iswriter's code of honor . For those who consider themselves a real graffiti artist:

Always remember that you are first of all a person, a citizen, and then a writer.

Learn to look at yourself and your work objectively.

Never write on tombstones, on memorial walls, in places of human sorrow and the memory of the dead. (slide 26).

Do not write on the names of other writers and on other people's work.

Monuments of culture are interesting in themselves. Beautiful buildings, sculpture, small architectural forms do not need everyone to "decorate" them according to their whim.

Residential buildings have owners, and they have their own tastes and interests, so you should think about whether your “masterpiece” is needed by the owner of the house or not. Do not impose your artistic tastes on people. (slide 27).

Do not work on a wall spattered with dirt.

Clean up after you finish work. (slide 28).

4. Fizminutka "Brain gymnastics":

Shaking your head (the exercise stimulates thought processes): breathe deeply, relax your shoulders and drop your head forward. Allow the head to slowly rock from side to side as the breath releases the tension. Run 30 seconds.

"Lazy Eights" ( exercise activates brain structures,providing memorization, increases stability attention): draw in the air in a horizontal plane “eights” 3 times with each hand, and then with both hands.

"Thinking Hat" (improves attention, clarity of perception and speech): “put on a hat”, that is, gently wrap your ears from the top to the earlobe 3 times.

"Sharp Eyes" (the exercise serves to prevent visual impairment): with your eyes, draw 6 circles clockwise and 6 circles counterclockwise.

"Shooting Eyes" (the exercise serves to prevent visual impairment): move your eyes left and right, up and down 6 times.

5. Explanation of the training task: (slide 29) a task to choose from.

1. On the A-4 format, perform graffiti of the form Tagging – your name in any style.

2. (more difficult) Graffiti on A-4 format. Sketch for decoration, painting workshop. Accordingly, select the words, depending on the purpose of the building (tools, workshop, paints, hammer, brushes, machine tool, cooking, seamstress, carpenter, metal).

So that you have time to draw for the lesson, to help you, I have prepared printouts of the alphabet of different styles. You can use them in your work.

Good luck with your work and use your imagination!

To help you - "Steps of drawing graffiti" (slide 31, 32).

6. Independent work of students.

7. Collective analysis of works and reflection:

And now let's hang our works on the proposed wall.

At the top of the wall we have works - if you liked the lesson and you understood everything and coped with the task,and at the bottom - those who did not quite understand what needs to be done, or the lesson was not clear to him and not interesting. (The board is divided into two parts horizontally by a line, you can hang a large wall poster with a dividing line separating the foundation from the main brickwork)

Guys! If you were near a wall on whichdifferent graffiti drawings are depicted, which one would attractyour attention? What did you like about him? What other work do you wantdid you like it?