Corporate Social responsibility and workers' rights to organize

Introduction

When Marks & Spenser made the decision last spring to close department stores on the European continent, the way it did so set off a lively discussion in the media about the need for corporate social responsibility. The vast majority of those who expressed their opinion believed that the company should have a much more serious responsibility to its shareholders. The motive for profit cannot be the only driving force in making corporate decisions, and even more so, an enterprise cannot but take into account the consequences of its decisions affecting shareholders, and especially its own employees.

In fact, a campaign by UNI-Commerce and its affiliates to challenge the Marks & Spenser decision was launched in order to provoke the introduction of stricter European legislation concerning the obligation of management to consult with workers on decisions affecting their working lives. . The British government withdrew from opposition immediately after a demonstration organized in London by UNI-Commerce and the British Trade Union Congress (TUC). At a subsequent meeting of the Council of Ministers of the European Union, the case of Marks & Spenser was explicitly pointed out as a reason for speeding up the introduction of new European legislation.

As in many other areas of labor relations, corporate social responsibility can be achieved in many ways. Legislation establishes minimum requirements, and, therefore, it is necessary to control those enterprises that compete through irresponsible behavior and social dumping. The legislation is complemented by collective and other agreements between trade unions, companies and workers' associations at various levels, from the enterprise level to the global stage. Voluntary initiatives and the adoption of social responsibility schemes or standards are another way for companies, large or small, to adopt socially responsible behaviour.

International instruments, codes, directives and declarations such as conventions International Organization Labour, the UN Global Compact, ILO and OECD directives, SA 8000 standards create a framework for a socially responsible approach. The basis for this is the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, amended in 1999.

Global Agreement

At the World Economic Forum, in Davos, January 31, 1999, UN Secretary-General Kofi A. Annan challenged world business leaders to "adopt and enforce" the Global Compact, both in individual corporate practice and in related public policy. The principles of the Global Compact cover human rights, labor rights and environment:

Principle 1: support and respect for international human rights within the sphere of influence of companies;
Principle 2: Guarantees not to involve corporations in the abuse of human rights.

Work
The Secretary General urged global business to support:

Principle 3: freedom of association and effective recognition of collective bargaining rights;
Principle 4: elimination of all forms of forced labor;
Principle 5: Prevention of child labor; And
Principle 6: non-discrimination in relation to employment and professional affiliation;

Environment
The Secretary General urged global business to:

Principle 7: Support a precautionary approach to environment;
Principle 8: take initiatives to promote greater responsibility for the environment; And
Principle 9: Encourage the development and dissemination of environmentally friendly technologies.

SA 8000 standard

The SA 8000 standard aims to establish a unified, auditable standard for social responsibility, with third-party verification of the agreement. The SA 8000 standard is based on the principles of 11 conventions of the International Labor Organization (ILO), the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The SA8000 standard covers the following aspects of working conditions:
● child labor,
● forced labor,
● health and safety,
● freedom of association and the right to collective agreements,
● discrimination,
● disciplinary provisions,
● work time and compensation

The final part of the standard deals with management systems, which define the necessary systems to ensure further compliance with the requirements of the standard.

UNI supports and is actively involved in the work of Social Responsibility International (ISA), which directly deals with all issues related to the SA8000 standard.

European dimension

The EU's approach to corporate social responsibility is strongly influenced by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights at Work, which was launched at the Nice Summit last year. And although it has not yet entered into legal force, it can already be seen as a directive for the direction in which the EU is moving on these issues.

The charter defines rights in six sections:
- dignity, which includes the right to life, the prohibition of torture and the prohibition of forced labor
- freedom, including freedom of speech, association, as well as the right to asylum and private property
- equality, among other issues, implies non-discrimination and respect for the rights of children
- solidarity, which includes working conditions, the prohibition of child labor, the right to health care and the right to participate in collective bargaining and strikes;
- civil rights such as the right to vote and freedom of movement; And
- justice, considering mainly the right to a fair trial.

In July this year, the European Commission issued a "Green Paper" on "Setting the Framework for Corporate Social Responsibility". Through this document, the Commission aims to promote a broad European debate on the promotion of corporate social responsibility based on “deepening partnerships, with the active participation of all stakeholders”.

From the Commission's point of view: “Corporate Social Responsibility is the concept that enterprises are accountable for all their actions to all stakeholders. It is a long-term commitment to conduct honest and responsible business and to contribute to economic development by improving the quality of life and work of workers and their families, as well as community life at the local level and society as a whole.”

“By reaffirming their commitment to Social Responsibility, companies thus guarantee their role in matters of sustainable social and territorial development, in matters of quality and environmental protection. Through production, labor relations, investment, companies can influence employment, the quality of the workplace and labor relations, including respect for fundamental rights, equal opportunities, non-discrimination, quality of goods and services, health and ecology”.

The Commission is convinced that “the social partners themselves are called upon to play a decisive role in the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility. The strategy of any company in relation to Corporate Social Responsibility, based on a unified and balanced approach to economic, social and environmental factors, involves innovative approaches in thinking, and therefore new knowledge and closer cooperation of social partners.

The European organization UNI-Trade and Eurotrade have started preparing a social dialogue on the issue of Corporate Social Responsibility. They also agreed on the need to prepare a joint statement on the EU Green Paper. By the time of the European UNI-Trade meeting in November, the draft statement should be ready for further discussion. Comments must be submitted to the European Commission no later than 31 December 2001.

Other agreements of the European organization UNI-Trade.

In addition to social dialogue at European level with Eurotrade, UNI-Trade and its European structure are involved in promoting Corporate Social Responsibility through various other channels. This activity is carried out both at the international level, and at the European, and also at the level of transnational companies.

UNI-Commerce actively promotes the UN Global Compact. During discussions and negotiations with the leadership of transnational companies, the need to sign it was repeatedly emphasized.

We have also repeatedly convinced the management of these companies to adopt the SA8000 standard, which establishes a sustainable framework for social responsibility, especially in matters related to the control of supply and purchases. Actively participating in the work of Social Responsibility International, we emphasized that if when a retailer or wholesale trade accept the SA8000 standard, it cannot be effective without taking into account the principles of relationships with the personnel of these companies. We will continue this line in the future.

In the European Social Dialogue in the Trade Sector, work on social responsibility builds on two previous agreements, on the prohibition of child labor and on fundamental principles and rights at work. In addition, UNI-Commerce has come out with an initiative for the social partners at the European level to join the Global Agreement and the SA8000 standard. The European organization UNI-Trade and the association of employers Eurotrade have agreed to continue working in these two areas, as well as other aspects of social responsibility.

Right to freedom of association

Recognition of the right of workers to join trade unions of their own choice is usually the most difficult aspect for an employer to accept than other fundamental rights at work. That is why UNI Commerce, as well as other trade unions, must continue to intensify their efforts to ensure the full realization of this right. Between UNI-Trade and its European Regional Organization, an agreement has been reached at various levels. These agreements guarantee trade union rights to trade workers. These agreements are based on existing international instruments and declarations, many of which are linked to the following documents:

ILO Declaration on Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Conventions at Work.

The right of every worker to freely organize in trade unions is enshrined in the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, 1998, and in ILO Conventions No. 87 on Freedom of Association and the Protection of the Right to Organize in Trade Unions, 1948, and No. 98 on the Application of the Principles the right to organize in trade unions and to bargain collectively, 1949. The declaration must be respected by all member countries of the ILO, whether or not they have ratified the two Conventions. In any case, Conventions No. 87 and No. 98 have been ratified by almost all member countries of the ILO.

Article 2 of Convention No. 87 defines the fundamental right of any worker to associate:

"Workers and employers, without distinction of any kind, have the right to form organizations of their choice without prior authorization."

In Article 11, ILO member governments commit themselves to ensuring that the right of association is respected:
"Each Member of the International Labor Organization for which this Convention is in force undertakes to take all necessary and appropriate measures to guarantee workers and employers the free exercise of the right of association":

Convention 98 provides further support for the right to form trade unions by prohibiting the interference of employers:
Article 2 says:
"1. Workers' and employers' organizations shall enjoy adequate protection against any act of interference by each other or by their agents or members in the establishment, operation and administration of organizations.

2. In particular, acts intended to promote the establishment of workers' organizations under the dominance of employers or employers' organizations, or to support workers' organizations, by funding or otherwise, with a view to bringing such organizations under the control of employers or employers' organizations, shall be considered as interference within the meaning of this article."

In the Trade sector, the right to associate has been approved by employers and trade unions at various levels.

At the ILO tripartite meeting on the Trade sector, held in November 1998, the unanimously adopted outcome document emphasized that:

“Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining and to continue social dialogue, based on the 1998 ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, are fully extended to the Trade sector.”

“The ILO must ensure the promotion of all international conventions in the area of ​​work related to the Trade sector, as well as social dialogue at relevant levels. The ILO, in collaboration with the social partners, should develop and widely disseminate a manual on social dialogue in trade in order to support social partners, in particular in countries where the prerequisites for social dialogue are still weak or do not exist.”

ILO Tripartite Declaration on Principles for Transnational Companies and social policy

The 1977 ILO Tripartite Declaration on Principles for Transnational Companies and Social Policy also refers to freedom of association and the right to associate:

42. Employees of multinational companies, as well as employees of domestic enterprises, without any distinction, have the right to form organizations, to be subject to their statutes, to join organizations of their choice without prior permission. Workers enjoy adequate protection against acts of anti-union discrimination in relation to their employment.

43. Organizations representing transnational companies or employees of these companies should enjoy adequate protection against any acts of interference by each other or by their agents or members in the establishment, operation and management of organizations.

Although it is not an international labor standard or a legally binding document, the ILO Declaration is an important tripartite expression in protecting trade union rights.

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
The OECD Guidelines for Transnational Enterprises, adopted in June 2000, oblige these companies to respect the right of their workers to organize in trade unions around the world:

"4. Employment and Labor Relations
Enterprises, within the framework of applicable law, regulations and prevailing labor relations and labor practices, must:
a) to respect the right of their workers to be represented by trade unions or other genuine workers' representatives and to enter into constructive negotiations, in person or through workers' associations, with such representatives who would be interested in reaching agreements on working conditions";

The manual further states that workers should not be harassed for their right to unionize:
“7. In the context of these negotiations with representatives of employees on working conditions, or when employees use the right to organize in trade unions, do not threaten them with the full or partial transfer of the enterprise from this country, do not transfer employees from one structural unit of the enterprise to another country in an attempt to force pressure to negotiate or interfere with the right to organize in trade unions”.

Agreements UNI-Trade

European social dialogue
In August 1999, the European social partners in the Trade sector signed the Agreement on Fundamental Rights and Principles at Work. This agreement repeats the text of the ILO Declaration, which in turn confirms the obligation of the social partners to actively implement the principles of the Declaration in the Trade sector:

“Eurotrade and Euro-FIET encourage their members to actively promote the compliance of companies and workers in the European Trade Sector, as far as possible, with the following fundamental rights enshrined in ILO conventions, including the creation of their own Code of Conduct for business relations with third countries:

1. exclusion of all forms of forced labor
2. effective elimination of child labor
3. non-admission of discrimination in relation to employment and professional affiliation; And
4. freedom of association and respect for the right to collective bargaining”

No question arises in relation to the above, since a trading company can always be subject to the freedom of association clause. The request of Eurotrade was called into question, some derogations were made in the requirements to extend these principles to business relations with third countries.

The proclamation last year of the European Union's Charter of Fundamental Rights gave importance to the European Social Dialogue agreement. The charter, which will become legally applicable in the near future, confirms:
"the right of everyone to form or join a trade union for the protection of her or his interests."

Tesco&Metro
In Europe, company-level agreements have been made with Tesco and Metro to enforce the right to unionize.

With Tesco, a social partnership agreement was concluded in Poland between Tesco Polska and the Solidarnosc trade union on the initiative and with the participation of UNI-Trade. This agreement provides Tesco's Polish employees with the right to join the Solidarosc trade union and establishes the principles of labor relations and collective bargaining. In Hungary, with the participation of UNI-Trade, similar negotiations are taking place between Tesco and the KASz trade union.

In 1999, an understanding was reached with Metro of the right of all company employees to unionize. This was achieved in a meeting between FIET Commerce and the HR directors of all the stores in the Metro chain, where one by one they announced that they had adhered to the principle. A few months later, an agreement was signed between FIET-Trading and Metro, securing these rights also in Turkey, where there were serious problems before. However, Metro management proved unprepared to honor this agreement in Turkey, where local management continued its anti-union campaign.

carrefour
Globally, in April 2001, UNI-Trade signed an agreement with the world's second largest retailer, Carrefour, and the most transnational of all TNCs, stating:

“Carrefour is committed, together with UNI, to ensure proper compliance with ILO Conventions 87-98 and 3135.

These international standards define:
- the right of workers to join trade unions of their choice,
- the right to collective bargaining
- protection of workers and their representatives from any act of discrimination aimed at infringing on freedom of association.

Respect for trade union rights and recognition of fundamental rights is part of the corporate culture of the Carrefour Group.”

At this stage, after the first months of the entry into force of this agreement, UNI-Trade can state a positive result. Great progress has been made in Brazil and South Korea, where labor relations have been unsatisfactory for many years. The main problem still exists in Spain, where local management continues to work closely with the "yellow" trade union FETICO. To improve the situation, UNI-Trade is working closely with affiliates in Spain and is involved in negotiations at the level of the company's central management.

Topic 4. Social programs of the Russian business community.

Role social programs and projects in the organization. Typological grounds and types of social programs. Principles of development and implementation of social programs at the organizational level. Charity. Philanthropy. Sponsorship. Evaluation of the effectiveness of social programs.

Topic 5. Social reporting of the company: foreign and domestic experience.

Corporate social report. Key aspects of compiling a company's social report. Forms of distribution of social reports of the company. Basic standards of non-financial reporting. CSR system in European countries. American model of CSR.

Non-financial reporting standards applied in Russia. Distribution of reports by industry affiliation of companies. Expert review non-financial reports in Russia. Social Responsibility Rating.

Topic 6.Corporate social responsibility in the system of social partnership.

The main subjects in the system of social partnership. The evolution of relations and strategies for interaction between government and business structures. The main models of interaction between government and business: "voluntary-compulsory charity", "bargaining", "social partnership".

and social and labor relations. Social partnership and international regulation social and labor relations. Corporate social responsibility and social protection of the employed population. Influence of the state on the volume and direction of social investments of enterprises.

Topic 7. Problems of ethics and modern management.

Ethical standards and behavior in the organization. Technologies for the development of ethical standards: content, types and main stages. Codes of corporate social responsibility. Principles of development and mechanisms for the formation of commitment. Problems of business ethics at the international level in the context of globalization.

Theme 8. The impact of CSR on the company's image.

The nature of the corporate image. Internal and external image. The process of creating an image. Positioning of the organization in the social space. The image of the organization. Trust, reputation, solidarity. Formation of a specific corporate culture.

Topic 9. Standardization of CSR.

Efficiency of CSR and methods of its assessment.

International standard ISO 14000 (ecology and environmental safety). International standard ISO 18000 (Occupational health and safety at the enterprise). International standard ISO 26000 (Guidelines for social responsibility).

Existing methods for determining the level of corporate social responsibility used in Russia. Methodology for assessing the quantitative index of social investments Methodology for assessing the qualitative index of social investments. Criteria for assessing the level of CSR development. Social audit. Evaluation of PR effects. Business reputation ratings.

Assignments for independent work.

Independent work of students involves the preparation of abstracts and reports in the form of presentations, solving cases on the proposed topic.

VIII. Competences of the student, formed as a result of mastering the discipline:

takes into account the consequences of management decisions and actions from the standpoint of social responsibility (OK-20);

• is able to assess the conditions and consequences of organizational and managerial decisions (PC-8);

  owns modern technologies of personnel management (PC-14);

  takes into account aspects of corporate social responsibility in the development and implementation of the organization's strategy (PC-16)

  knows how to apply quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis in making managerial decisions and build economic, financial, organizational and managerial models (PC-31);

is able to assess the economic and social conditions of entrepreneurial activity (PC-50)

IX. Educational technologies

conducting lectures and seminars using multimedia technologies; providing students with related handouts; use of case technologies; use of interactive learning technologies: discussions, round tables.

X. Educational and methodological support for independent work of students

A. Topics of abstracts and reports

Corporate ethics in the formation of corporate social responsibility.

Codes of Corporate Social Responsibility

Image technologies in the formation of corporate social responsibility.

Reputation Control Technologies in Increasing Corporate Social Responsibility

Social programs and projects in the organization.

Types of social programs.

Management of corporate social programs

Neoclassical, managerialist and statist interpretations of social responsibility.

The role of the state in the development and maintenance of CSR - legal regulation, tax policy, institutional policy.

Problems of business ethics at the international level in the context of globalization.

B. Exam Preparation Questions

Corporate social responsibility: concept, essence, meaning

Corporate social responsibility and social and labor relations

Social partnership and international regulation of social and labor relations

Corporate social responsibility and social protection of the employed population

Social investment.

Socially significant industries

social charter Russian business.

Types of company social programs

Evaluation of the effectiveness of corporate social programs

Corporate social report.

International standard ISO 14000 (ecology and environmental safety)

International standard ISO 18000 (Occupational health and safety in the workplace)

International Standard ISO 26000 (Guidelines for Social Responsibility)

Tools for constructing a positive image of the company.

Basic international definitions of corporate social responsibility.

Using the concept of stakeholders in the management of a company in modern conditions.

Existing methods for determining the level of corporate social responsibility used in Russia.

Methodology for assessing the quantitative index of social investment.

Methodology for assessing the qualitative index of social investment.

XI. Educational, methodological and information support

A. Basic literature

		Book title	Place of publication	publishing house	publications
	Blagov Yu. E..	Corporate social responsibility. Concept evolution.		graduate School management
	Krichevsky N.A., Goncharov S.F.	Corporate Social Responsibility		Dashkov and K,
	Meskon M.H., M. Albert, F. Hedouri	Fundamentals of Management
	Simkhovich V.A.	Corporate social responsibility. Philosophical and managerial aspects of modern business
	Tulchinsky G.L.	Corporate Social Responsibility: Social Investments, Partnerships and Communications		Petersburg directories

B. Further Reading

	Johnson D., Scholes K., Whittington R.	Corporate strategy.
	Vikhansky O.S.	Strategic Management		Gardarika
		Corporate social responsibility. Management aspect.
	Orlov E.V.	Corporate Social Responsibility	N.Novgorod:
	Peregudov S.P., Semenenko I.S.	Corporate citizenship: concepts, world practice and Russian realities		Progress Tradition
	Strizhov S.A.. M., 2009.	Mechanisms of corporate social responsibility
	Chernysh M.F. and etc.	Corporate social responsibility: public expectations.		Association of Managers

B. Internet resources

/ - journal "Sociology"

/socio/scipubl/socjour.htm- "Sociological Journal"

/socio/scipubl/socis.htm- "Sociological research" (socis)

/l/library- Electronic Library of the Faculty of Sociology of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov

– portal on sociology, economics and management

Social Sciences Portal

– Managers Association

– Resource Center of the Social Program of Russian Business

– Foundation “Institute of Urban Economics”.

– Executive (Website of the community of professionals and managers)

– Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation (Committee for business ethics)

– Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs

On English language:

. Socialstandards

www.accountability.co.uk – The Institute for Social and Ethical Accountability

– Global Reporting Initiative

– The Social Accountability 8000

– The Sunshine Standards

– SustainAbility Ltd

– Business for Social Responsibility

– Corporate Social Responsibility Europe

UK – Institute for Business Ethics

– UN Global Compact

www.glob – Global Sullivan Principles of Social

– Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes

– The Domini 400 Social Index

– Principles for Business, The Caux Round Table

www.keidanren.or.jp – Keidanren Charter for Good Corporate Behavior

XII. Logistics:

Educational auxiliary audiences:

computer class

Specialized office with multimedia equipment.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

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• Introduction
• 3. Foreign concepts of CSR
• Conclusion

Introduction

In the past few years, among politicians and in the business environment, the concept of "corporate social responsibility" (hereinafter referred to as CSR) has been actively used, the business community is developing CSR strategies, creating departments for the implementation of the latter, in European countries they are opening entire research institutes to study this phenomenon. But, despite this, in the academic environment there is still no common understanding of what corporate social responsibility is, what are its sources, how and by whom the relations arising in connection with the new sphere of human relations are regulated.

It should be noted that the difficulty in defining CSR stems from the multi-level nature of the basic component of the term - responsibility. The general meaning of the word "responsibility" is the obligation to be responsible for actions and actions, as well as their consequences. Responsibility is also understood as the consequences for the subject in the event of a violation by him established requirements. Based on the latter approach, according to the nature of sanctions, responsibility is divided into legal, material, moral, etc. In most modern approaches, CSR is classified as an ethical category and is considered as a moral responsibility, which in turn implies a conscious and voluntary choice of the subject of this responsibility. Despite the many differences in the definitions of CSR, these principles are embedded in most of them.

1. The concept and main characteristics of corporate social responsibility

All types of responsibility are manifested not only in the internal organization of management, but also in the relationship between the organization and society, which are of great importance in the development of both.

In modern conditions, the social responsibility of the corporation plays a decisive role. With the development of production, the scientific and technical process, the urbanization of life, new, extremely complex problems arise and become more acute: environmental, socio-economic, technical, informational, etc. The future of civilization depends on a comprehensive solution of these problems. But their solution is largely determined by the activities of modern corporations, their responsibility to society and the future. That is why the problem of corporate social responsibility is becoming the central problem of management today.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - realization of the interests of the company (corporation) by ensuring the social development of its team and the active participation of the company in the development of society.

The concept of CSR includes:

responsibility of the organization to partners;

social aspects of interaction with suppliers and buyers of products and services;

corporate development - carrying out restructuring and organizational changes with the participation of representatives of the company's top management, personnel and public organizations;

health and safety of personnel in the workplace;

responsible employee policy, personnel development management;

environmental responsibility, environmental policy and use of natural resources;

interaction local authorities authorities, state structures and public organizations to solve common social problems;

the responsibility of the organization to society as a whole.

Corporate social responsibility, unlike legal responsibility, implies a certain level of voluntary desire to allocate financial and material resources to solve social problems on the part of the organization's management.

In Russian management, the number of participants is increasing, who believe that social responsibility to their own staff and to society is not something exceptional, generated only by special circumstances, but a norm arising from the very essence of the organization's activities.

CSR objects are: ecology, demography, safety, health, education, culture, science, information, recreation. These areas of human development need business support, primarily economic support, as well as political and organizational support.

To build a system of responsibility, taking into account its diversity, it is necessary to know the characteristics of responsibility in their full composition and volume.

Responsibility has the following characteristics:

1. Typological belonging responsibility - manifested in combination various types and not just one of the above.

2. Measure responsibility - reflects the degree of censure, encouragement, the strength of punishment or approval of the results of work. Here it must be borne in mind that responsibility in management acts not only as a factor of restraint or limitation, but also as a factor of motivation. The validity of these facts is determined both by the type and the degree of responsibility.

3. Targeting - to whom the responsibility is intended, who should take it into account.

4. Organizational form implementation- is fixed in regulations, instructions, agreements, contracts, etc.

5. Conditional character - can operate under certain conditions set in advance.

6. Source implementation. For the internal organization of activities, this is the level of the management system, in accordance with the distribution of powers. For external relations - the organizations specified in the contract or agreement, as well as state regulatory bodies.

7. Temporary characteristics. There is always a time for its onset and implementation. Moreover, responsibility can change over time - weaken or worsen. This can happen when the situation, conditions, needs, organizational regulations change.

2. External and internal sources of corporate social responsibility

Sources of CSR - those forces that dictate to corporations and managers the respective responsibilities of responsible behavior.

External sources CSR- these are the forces that dictate the responsible behavior of business, which are caused by an unspoken agreement existing in society, coordinating business behavior with the goals and values ​​of the whole society.

External CSR is the responsibility that arises as a result of an organization's activities that have consequences for the external environment. Mandatory external responsibility includes the need for the organization to be responsible to society for the quality of the goods and services they supply; damage caused to the environment by the action / inaction of the organization; the results of influence on the political, economic, social spheres (in this case, we mean attempts to create monopolies, collusion of corporations, the creation of laws that lobby for the interests of a minority), etc. Voluntary external responsibility should include the obligations taken by the organization to participate in charitable activities, sponsorship, environmental protection actions that are not directly related to the activities of the organization, support the population in crisis and emergency situations.

Internal sources CSR- the responsibility caused by the existing real power of the businessman.

The responsibility of the organization in the field of labor and social and labor relations can be attributed to internal CSR. Labor relations - the relationship between the employer and the employee, which arose as a result of an agreement between them on the performance of certain work by the latter, fixed in the employment contract. Social and labor relations are relations between an employee and an employer aimed at ensuring a high quality of working life. Based on these definitions, mandatory internal responsibility is related to compliance with labor laws, the development of the human potential of the organization through staff training, health insurance, etc. Voluntary internal responsibility includes concern for the psychophysiological health of employees, expressed in building harmonious relations in the team, assisting in resolving internal conflicts, providing additional features maintaining good physical shape by employees, etc.

Developing the ideas of social responsibility of business, various economists give different interpretations of the sources of CSR, dictating the duties of responsible behavior:

1. market forces;

2. political processes;

3. complex - external (dictated by the institution of business) and internal (dictated by the real social power of a businessman).

3. Foreign concepts of CSR

The concept of CSR in part social protection employees is based on several models of social and labor relations or interaction of bodies state power, employers and trade unions as representatives of workers. In different countries concept social partnership differ in the degree of participation of trade unions in labor relations at specific enterprises, in the characteristics of representation employees in the negotiation processes, on the political orientation of social partnership systems. The most widely known are three models of social partnership that have had a significant impact on the formation of the CSR system.

First model, characteristic For countries Northern Europe ( Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, Finland, Sweden) involves the active participation of the state in the regulation of social and labor relations, which takes place at three levels: national, sectoral and at the level of an individual enterprise.

Second model, used mainly in the United States, Canada, Japan, Latin America, and English-speaking African countries, it is characterized by the regulation of social and labor relations at the enterprise level, and to a much lesser extent - at the industry or region level. The influence of the state is carried out through the adoption of legislative and regulatory acts, recommendations and requirements. In the countries of North America, business associations prefer not to interfere in the process of social and labor relations at the enterprise, but actively participate in legislative and political activities.

corporate social responsibility

Third model, common in the countries of Central Europe ( Austria, Germany, France) and, partly in the UK, is a combination of the two previous models, which are, as it were, extremes for the Central European design. For example, according to the German concept of the social market economy, the founder of which was L. Erhard, the state intervenes in social and labor relations, but at the same time, entrepreneurs and trade unions retain autonomy.

Based on the results of consideration of CSR concepts in different countries, the following can be noted.

IN Europe CSR is regulated by law, a significant place is given to the ethical responsibility of corporations to society. The dominant direction of CSR in the field of social protection of the employed population is the fight against unemployment: reducing staff turnover, creating new jobs, and implementing regional social business projects. State authorities and local governments play an active role in the development of CSR.

IN USA social protection of the employed population is interpreted more broadly, as part of the general system of social protection of the country's population. However, the leading American corporations, unlike Europe, the initiators of CSR events, prefer targeted participation in charitable foundations to philanthropic social support. In a number of cases, CSR is implemented through charitable foundations, which are now exerting an increasing influence on the social programs of large corporations.

IN Canada, where the concept of CSR is in many respects similar to the American one, in addition to general measures for social protection of the population, quality improvement programs and a healthy workplace are being implemented. The list of measures covers the areas of combating industrial injuries and occupational diseases, protecting the health of the working population, combating unemployment by reducing staff turnover at a particular enterprise.

Conclusion

The use of corporate social responsibility in the activities of organizations contributes to sustainable development and enhances competitive positions in the market through the formation of a favorable internal and external business reputation.

The generalization of the theoretical baggage of CSR, the clarification of the foundations of the social protection of workers led to the following conclusions.

Corporate social responsibility - this is a system of voluntary relationships between the employee, employer and society, aimed at improving social and labor relations, maintaining social stability in the workforce and the surrounding community, developing social and environmental activities at the national and international levels.

CSR And modern social and labor relationship form a new system of socio-economic relations in society, consonant with the changes taking place in the world.

Necessity implementation CSR into Russian economic practice is due to a decrease in the economic activity of the population of working age, the aging of the economically active population, the stagnant nature of unemployment, a decrease social guarantees declared by the state.

List of used literature

1. Corporate social responsibility: managerial aspect / under the general. Ed.D. e. Sc., Prof. I.Yu. Belyaeva, D.E. n., prof. M.A. Eskindarov. M.: KNORUS, 2014.

2. Krichevsky N.A. Corporate social responsibility / N.A. Krichevsky, S.F. Goncharov. M.: Dashkov i K., 2012.

3. Turkin S.V. Social investments of business. A guide for managers. M., 2013.

4. N.V. Baksha, A.A. Danilyuk Corporate Social Responsibility: tutorial. Tyumen: Tyumen State University Press, 2012.

5. Vnesheconombank Corporate Social Responsibility (New Business Philosophy): Study Guide, Moscow, 2011.

6. Corporate management: textbook, I.I. Mazur et al. M.: Omega-L, 2012.

7. Society and politics, 2015.

8. Social responsibility of the company: practical use for business. M., 2015.

9. Tulchinsky G.L. Business in Russia. The problem of social recognition and respect, 2016.

10. Yakimets V.N. Social investments of Russian business: mechanisms, examples, problems, prospects. M., 2014.

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The concept and increasing importance of corporate social responsibility in today's market. Characterization of instrumental, political and aesthetic approaches. Normative management of stakeholders and the essence of the concept of sustainable development.

There are various definitions of corporate responsibility.

CSR- this concept, according to which organizations take into account the interests of society, taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, local communities and other interested parties in the public sphere. This obligation goes beyond the statutory obligation to comply with the law and involves organizations voluntarily taking additional steps to improve the quality of life of workers and their families, as well as the local community and society at large.

CSR is a system of voluntary relationships between the employee, employer and society, aimed at improving social and labor relations, maintaining social stability in the workforce and the surrounding community, developing social and environmental activities at the national and international levels.

The practice of CSR is the subject of much debate and criticism. Defenders argue that there is a strong economic justification CSR and corporations derive numerous benefits from operating for a broader and longer term than their own momentary short-term profits. Critics argue that CSR detracts from the fundamental economic role of business;

Some argue that this is nothing more than an embellishment of reality; others say it is an attempt to replace the government's role as controller of powerful multinational corporations.

Three main interpretations of CSR:

1. The first (classical approach) and the most traditional.

Emphasizes that the sole responsibility of a business is to increase profits for its shareholders. This point of view was made public Nobel Laureate in economics by Milton Friedman in 1971 in the article "The Social Responsibility of Business - Making Money" and can be called the theory of corporate selfishness.

The main shortcoming of the theory is time limitation. If the company incurs additional expenses in the short term, then in the long term it benefits from improving the corporate image and developing relations with the local community. In particular, M. Friedman noted that the fight against poverty is not a function of private business. This is the business of the state. the main task business - to make money for shareholders and customers within the law. The business has no other obligations. The organization must pay taxes and owes nothing to anyone except God and conscience. According to M. Friedman, managers who have goals other than profit maximization assign themselves the role of unelected policy makers. That is, without having a legitimate right and sufficient competence, managers are trying to resolve issues and determine the ways for the development of society, which politicians should do.

2. the theory of corporate altruism.

This theory is directly opposite to the theory of M. Friedman.

main idea is that a business should take care not only of profit growth, but also make the contribution to the solution as accessible as possible public problems, improving the quality of life of citizens and communities, as well as in the preservation of the environment. The authorship of this theory belongs to the Committee for Economic Development. The Committee's recommendations emphasized that "corporations have an obligation to make a significant contribution to improving the quality of life of citizens and communities, as well as to the preservation of the environment. Companies cannot eliminate themselves from social problems, since they are open systems, actively participating in lobbying for laws and other government decisions, sponsoring various parties and other public associations.

3. the theory of "reasonable egoism".

It is based on the fact that the social responsibility of business is simply " good business"because it reduces long-term profit losses. Spending on social and charitable programs reduces current profits, but in the long run creates a favorable social environment and, therefore, sustainable profits. Philanthropic and sponsorship programs contribute to the legal reduction of the company's tax base and give a good "publicity effect" This is the main motive of the company's social activity.

Despite the ever-increasing attention to the issue under consideration, there is still no single generally accepted understanding of the social responsibility of business or corporate responsibility.

Some experts perceive socially responsible behavior primarily in an ethical sense, while others perceive it as a concept of legal responsibility.

According to M. Palazzi and J. Stutcher, "social responsibility is basically a philosophy or image of the relationship between business and society, and for its implementation and sustainability over a long period of time, this relationship requires leadership.

According to the position of A. Carroll, CSR is multi-level, it can be represented as a pyramid (Figure 2).

Lying at the base of the pyramid economic responsibility is directly determined by the basic function of the company in the market of a producer of goods and services that can satisfy the needs of consumers and, accordingly, make a profit.

Legal liability implies the need for a law-abiding business in a market economy, the compliance of its activities with the expectations of society, fixed in legal norms.

ethical responsibility, in turn, requires business practice to be consonant with the expectations of society, not specified in legal norms, but based on existing moral norms.

Philanthropic Responsibility encourages the company to take actions aimed at maintaining and developing the welfare of society through voluntary participation in the implementation of social programs.

Thus, CSR- is the obligation of business to make a voluntary contribution to the development of society, including social, economic and environmental spheres, accepted by the company in excess of what is required by law and the economic situation.

In foreign sources of information, social responsibility is often interpreted as:

"Business' self-made commitment to support sustainable economic development by working with workers, their families, local communities and society at large to improve the quality of life through actions that benefit business and society as a whole."

The World Bank Research Institute understands social responsibility in two ways:

• 1. A set of policies and actions related to key stakeholders, values ​​and fulfilling the requirements of the rule of law, as well as taking into account the interests of people, communities and the environment
• 2. Business focus on sustainable development

The European Commission in its documents relies on the broadest definition:

"CSR is a concept that reflects the voluntary decision of companies to participate in improving society and protecting the environment."

According to the definition of the Russian Managers Association CSR business- voluntary contribution of business to the development of society in the social, economic and environmental spheres, directly related to the main activity of the company and going beyond the minimum specified by law.

Social responsibility also lies in the fact that companies try to meet public expectations regarding their products or services and at the same time form high social standards, thus contributing to improving the quality and standard of living in the country.

The main task of CSR- combine a sense of duty and real social action.

In this regard, it is interesting to analyze the structuring of the concept of CSR. In particular, they offer three main components of CSR development:

• 1. social obligations;
• 2. social response;
• 3. own responsibility;

At the same time, social obligation serves as the basis for social oriented activity business entity.

social obligation- the obligation of a business entity to fulfill its economic and legal obligations to society. If a company links its activities with the fulfillment of certain social obligations, then it pursues social goals only to the extent that the latter contribute to the achievement of its economic goals. Unlike social obligation, both social responsibility and social responsiveness go beyond the mere compliance by companies with basic economic and legal requirements.

Responsibility- this is a relationship guaranteed by society and the state that ensures the observance of the interests and freedoms of interrelated parties . It includes three components:

• 1. awareness of duty;
• 2. assessment of behavior;
• 3. imposition of sanctions;

Social responsibility- the company's commitment to pursue long-term public benefit goals. Hence, the concept of social responsibility is characterized by certain moral and ethical emphases, namely: the organization must do what is aimed at improving society, and not do what can lead to its deterioration. Therefore, the activities of any company that manufactures products that are essentially harmful to the health of any person will never be considered socially responsible, despite significant amounts of social investment in personnel development, propaganda healthy lifestyle life and treatment. These companies can only be classified as socially responsive.

social response- the company's ability to adapt to changing social conditions. In the process of social response, companies are guided by social norms, the great importance of which lies in the fact that they can serve as convenient and useful guidelines for managers in the process of making managerial decisions. The importance of social response lies primarily in the fact that it replaces general reasoning with practical actions. Proponents of the concept of social response consider their theory more realistic and feasible than social responsibility.

It is important to note that, rather than assessing what actions are good for society in the long term, managers working in socially responsive companies identify core social norms and adjust the degree of social participation of their organizations in such a way as to ensure that they quickly respond to changing social conditions. The most modern examples of companies based on the concept of social response are Prentice Hall, McGraw-Hill, Los-Angeles Times, Washington Post, New York Times, Grand Metropolitan, Kraft General Foods, etc.

Comparative analysis of the concepts of social responsibility and social response:

Thus, if we are talking about the company's involvement in social activities, then all structural components must be present: social responsibility, social response and social obligation. Moreover, the social obligation serves, as already noted, as the basis for the socially oriented activity of a business entity.

There are interrelations between these three components of the direction of CSR development. (picture 3)

In Russia, the main driving forces behind the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) are still a small number of the most “advanced” large companies(either Western or Russian) created as a result of the privatization process, or the state. The Association of Managers takes an active position in promoting its understanding of the principles of corporate social responsibility in Russia. The Memorandum “On the Principles of Corporate Social Responsibility” (2006) defines: “Today, in the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR), there is a need to train professional personnel, it is necessary to develop common approaches to understanding the essence of the issue, and it is also necessary to work on harmonizing positions of various sides of the public dialogue” See: Burchakova M.A. Formation of the system of social corporate reporting: international experience and Russia // Economic analysis: theory and practice. - 2009. - No. 8 ..

From a legal point of view, the “development of common approaches to understanding the essence” of CSR seems to be especially relevant. Minina I.A. The essence of corporate social responsibility: legal aspect// Legislation and economics”. - 2009. - No. 5 ..

Modern legal science has practically not touched upon the topic of corporate social responsibility. In modern Russian science, CSR is considered exclusively as an economic and social phenomenon - perhaps such a narrow view is due to the fact that Western scientists this topic is also considered practically only in the economic and social context, within the framework of the formation of processes of sustainable business development (sustainable business development) Peregudov S.P., Semenenko I.S. Corporate citizenship: concepts, world practice and Russian realities. - M .: Progress-Tradition, 2008 ..

The authors consider CSR as a system of voluntary relationships between the employee, employer and society, aimed at improving social and labor relations, maintaining social stability in the workforce and the surrounding community, developing social and environmental activities at the national and international levels Krichevsky N.A., Goncharov S. .F. Corporate social responsibility. 2nd ed. - M.: Dashkov i K, 2008. - P. 11., and this identifies CSR subjects. However, the following formulation seems to be more correct: CSR is “a concept that reflects the voluntary decision of companies to participate in improving society and protecting the environment.” Position of the Corporate Responsibility Committee of the Association of Managers “Current Issues in the Development of Corporate Social Responsibility”. M., 2007. S. 5 .. A very correct definition was given by the Association of Managers: “Corporate social responsibility is a philosophy of behavior and the concept of building a business community, companies and individual business representatives of their activities in order to sustainable development and preserve resources for future generations” Minina I.A. Essence of corporate social responsibility: legal aspect // Legislation and economics”. - 2009. - No. 5 ..

As a result of long and continuous process capitalist development of Western countries formed a complex, balanced system regulation of relations between business, government and society in the field of socio-economic development of states. The modern concept of CSR widespread in the West shows the desire of companies to voluntarily and independently solve the most pressing problems of society. For example, the European Commission gives the following definition of CSR: "Corporate social responsibility is essentially a concept that reflects the voluntary decision of companies to participate in improving society and protecting the environment" This model is typical for the Nordic countries - Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, Finland, Sweden .. This definition emphasizes the voluntary nature of socially oriented activities carried out by companies. In the West, the participation of business in solving social problems can be combined into three main models of social partnership:

• - the first model assumes the active participation of the state in the regulation of social policy, i.e. strictly regulated within the current commercial, tax, labor, environmental legislation. This model is typical for the USA, Canada, Japan.;
• - the second model involves the regulation of interaction between business and society with little or no government intervention. Such regulation is carried out independently by corporations under the influence of specially established incentives and benefits. This model is typical for the countries of Central Europe - Austria, Germany, France.;
• - the third (most effective) model combines the two previous ones S.P. Peregudov, I.S. Semenenko. Decree. op..

It seems that in the conditions of Russian reality, the efforts of the business community and the state should be combined. Due to historical traditions, the leading role in the development of CSR should belong to the state. The introduction of CSR in Russia is inseparable from the state organization and coordination of the process. The main task of public authorities should be the development legislative framework and organizational mechanisms for integrating CSR principles.

Western corporations, acting in a socially responsible manner, have realized that understanding these processes enables them to better manage business risks associated with environmental, social, labor and ethical issues. The sustainable position of the corporation directly depends on the management of risks, both financial and non-financial, and the practice of CSR just offers a structure for managing non-financial risks.

Investors react positively to the actions of corporations that are able to better manage their non-financial risks, and are ready to pay a "premium for managing risks in the field of sustainable development, environmental risks" Stakeholders - stakeholders, a wide range of individuals, public and state organizations related to the enterprise, economic agents, social groups and power structures that are influenced by the business and which, in turn, can affect its success. Business sustainability allows you to shift focus from short-term financial results activities for long-term corporate growth. Transnational corporations solve the issues of corporate social responsibility as much as possible, understanding its importance as a significant factor in financial growth. Sustainable business development as a social climate and the environmental impact of business impact on the environment are considered in two key terms:

• - for top management, it is the responsibility for the development of a competitive and profitable business capable of managing risk and realizing growth opportunities;
• - for the board of directors - responsibility for the formation of corporate strategy, ensuring alignment between short-term and long-term goals, achieving profitability comparable to business development objectives, and increasing value share capital.

According to the traditional view of how a company should develop, in most cases, business will be sustainable if the board of directors subconsciously brings environmental, ethical and social issues into its remit, along with questions about the future financial position of the company and its functioning in the market. In order to understand how sustainable business development is related to issues of corporate social responsibility (CSR), it is necessary to keep in mind that as any company grows and develops successfully, it undergoes certain changes.

One of these changes is related to the expectations that stakeholders (stakeholders) place on it. Analytical Bulletin No. 26 (278). “Corporate Social Responsibility in modern Russia: theory and practice". Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Analytical department of the apparatus of the Federation Council. - M., 2005. - S. 5.). In order to meet the interests of various groups of stakeholders, companies, as a rule, introduce various procedures and mechanisms. For example, a code of conduct contains rules and expectations for management and employees. The dividend payment policy provides shareholders with information about future payments. The company's corporate social responsibility policy reflects its future behavior in accordance with the expectations of stakeholders. In essence, the corporation develops norms and implements rules, i.e. performs the expected actions in order to inform and explain its own initiatives in the field of corporate social responsibility for all stakeholders. Top management and, above all, boards of directors are called upon to ensure the application of CSR policies in daily work companies. Such measures are a guarantee that the business develops not only by increasing its profits, but also in compliance with the interests of stakeholders indicated in these rules. The Board of Directors, which determines corporate strategy and ensures the growth of the value of equity capital, in turn ensures that these rules are consistent with the interests of stakeholders. The Board of Directors also ensures that the controls are effective, i.e. allowed to minimize or mitigate the consequences of events that could impede the improvement of profitability in the long term and damage the socially responsible development of the company. The institution of socially responsible business is characteristic of most countries with a stable economy based on market values, long-standing democratic traditions, and a developed civil society.

In Russia, the process of development of corporate social responsibility is at an early stage and takes place in the conditions of the dominant position of the state, the extremely weak development of civil society institutions, the oligarchic development of business and the rules for the interaction of these institutions, the role of individual parties and the measures of their participation in social development are only being formed Corporate social responsibility : public expectations / Ed. S.E. Litovchenko, M.I. Korsakov. - M., 2003. - S. 61 ..

Under CSR in Russian conditions very often many things are understood: from the ability to pay salaries to your employees on time to fulfilling the obligation to pay taxes on time - such points of view are typical for “young, emerging markets that have recently opened (only 10 years ago), such as Russian and Chinese” Ibid. the interpretation adopted in Western companies says that “social responsibility is the ability and desire of a business to deal with an issue not only directly related to the production, sale of goods and services, but also with the well-being of the society of the country in which the company operates ".

At the same time, as a rule, a public discussion about CSR usually affects only the issues of business functioning. Apparently, this is due to the fact that the Russian economy in a ten-year period makes the most difficult transition from the Soviet model of social policy through the so-called wild capitalism to more civilized relations of a socially oriented state, where Russian business (primarily large) by trial and error, “by touch ”, is trying to build its own social policy at different speeds.

In 2004, the XIV Congress of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (Employers) approved the Social Charter of Russian Business. This document was adopted by representatives of the business community, who understand and accept "their share of responsibility for the fate of our Fatherland"; who believe that “the successful development of entrepreneurial activity is impossible without the sustainable development of society and is inseparable from it; and ready to contribute to the success of their entrepreneurial activities to increase the total social wealth and social progress” Social Charter of Russian Business. - 2004. - November 16. The Social Charter defined a strategic initiative addressed to the business community, a set of fundamental principles of socially responsible business practices that are applicable in the daily activities of any organization, regardless of the profile of activity and form of ownership.

The Social Charter is the essence of the actions of the business community in the social and humanitarian sphere, a statement of the social mission of Russian business. The social mission is sustainable development independent and responsible companies, which meets the long-term economic interests of business and the state, contributes to the achievement of social peace, the security and well-being of citizens, the preservation of the environment, and the observance of human rights. This document is declarative, but its adoption has a positive political effect in terms of influencing the entire business community.

Nevertheless, the discussion about the forms and content of corporate social responsibility continues. In essence, the discussion about CSR reflects the situation when business turns out to be extreme in the dispute about the fairness of the arrangement of mechanisms for creating public goods and, no less important, the fairness of the principles of their redistribution Ruchkina G.F., Kupyzin V.V. Social responsibility of business entities and legal regulation of relations on the distribution of profits // Business Law. - 2010. - No. 1. - S. 35 - 40 ..

Due to the fact that the development of CSR in Russia is at an early stage, there is a misunderstanding of the integrity of the concept, as well as an absolute lack of legally justified formulations. In the report “On social investment in Russia in 2004. The role of business in social development”, prepared by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the Association of Managers of Russia, provides an expanded interpretation of the concepts of corporate responsibility and corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility: public expectations. S. 8. in relation to Russia. Corporate responsibility to society (CR) is defined as a philosophy of behavior and the concept of building a business community, individual corporations and enterprises of their activities in the following areas:

• - production of quality products and services for consumers;
• - creating attractive jobs, paying legal salaries, investing in human development;
• - compliance with the requirements of the legislation: tax, environmental, labor, etc.;
• - efficient business management focused on the creation of added economic value and the growth of the welfare of its shareholders;
• - taking into account public expectations and generally accepted ethical standards in the practice of doing business;
• - contribution to the formation of civil society through partnership programs and projects for the development of the local community Report on social investment in Russia for 2004 / Ed. S.E. Litovchenko. M.: Association of Managers. - 2004. - S. 9 ..

In this extended definition, attention is drawn to the fact that most of the noted areas of business activity contain economic principles corporate activities, ethical and legal standards of doing business. The social component is presented in this definition through investment in human development and contribution to the formation of civil society through partnership programs and local community development projects.

Corporate social responsibility of business is defined in this report more narrowly: “CSR is the voluntary contribution of the private sector to community development through the mechanism of social investment” Report on social investment in Russia for 2004. P. 9 .. “Social investments of business are material, technological, managerial and other resources, as well as financial resources companies directed at the decision of the management to implement social programs developed taking into account the interests of the main internal and external stakeholders, on the assumption that, in a strategic sense, the company will receive (although not always and not simply measurable) social and economic effect” Ibid. .

It is assumed that the socially responsible behavior of the corporation should be manifested in the choice of priorities and mechanisms for the development of the production of goods and services, employment, maintenance of social standards and environmental protection. The main attention in the implementation of socially responsible behavior is paid to three areas (the so-called triple line of responsibility Peregudov S.P., Semenenko I.S. Decree. Op. P. 63.), namely:

• - economic activity(sustainable growth and production of quality products);
• - environmental activities (protection and renewal of natural environment resources);
• - social activity (active social policy).

Thus, corporate legal relations arise, change and terminate within the framework of organizations based on the principles of participation (membership), referred to as corporations, and mediate the participation of persons who are members of the corporation in its activities Lomakin D.V. Corporate legal relations: general theory and practice of application in business companies. - M.: Statute, 2008. - S. 80., i.e. based on corporate relations.

Thus, corporate relations are internal relations related to the implementation and protection corporate rights, which are presented to the subject as a member of the corporation: the right to participate in management, to receive information about the activities of the corporation, to receive part of the property during the liquidation of the corporation, to receive part of the profits from the activities of the corporation Danelyan A.A. Corporations and corporate conflicts. - M.: Cameron, 2007. - S. 31 ..

The nature of corporate relations that develop regarding the receipt of part of the profit from the activities of the corporation or part of the property during the liquidation of the corporation is clearly property. The exercise of corporate rights directly or indirectly aims to satisfy the property interests of their holders. The property orientation of corporate relations is due to the very nature of the activities of the established corporation as a legal entity. Civil Law: A Textbook. T. 1 / Ed. E.A. Sukhanov. - M., 2003. - S. 26 ..