Personal knowledge and skills of a paramedic. Diagnostic activity of a paramedic

Chapter 2. Hierarchical Structure

1.5 Primitive tribe. Functional structure. Hierarchy structure. The structure of intersexual relations Even the most primitive peoples live in a culture different from the primary, temporally as old as ours, and also corresponding to a later one,

Chapter 3. Structure and setting WAR WITH STAMPS Perhaps, for the entire period of the existence of mankind, it is today that the writer has the hardest work. Compare the story-weary audiences of today with those of the past. How many times a year are educated people

When we seek medical help, we usually think that we are going to the doctor. Although in fact, first of all, we get to other specialists - paramedics. As a rule, they are the first to assess our condition, provide emergency assistance and refer us to narrower specialists. What kind of profession is this, how does it differ from others?

Some facts about the profession of a paramedic

The word "feldscher" in German means "field barber". The first paramedics appeared in Germany in the Middle Ages - they provided emergency assistance wounded during the battles. Over time, their functions practically did not change: for many centuries paramedics were entrusted with the duty of providing first aid, emergency diagnostics, and performing the necessary medical manipulations.

However, there is no such profession in the European Union now. It was preserved only in Poland, and in very small quantities and with a significant reduction in functionality.

But in the USA and Canada, a Physician assistant is a respected and responsible profession, whose representatives perform various functions, including medical ones.

Paramedic Day in Russia

In Russia, the appearance of the first paramedical workers is associated with the creation in 1818 of a kind of analogue of the "Ambulance" - a special service that could provide first aid at home. Paramedics celebrate their professional holiday on February 21. Unfortunately, this day has no official status.

Code of the profession of a paramedic according to OKPDTR

IN All-Russian classifier professions of workers, positions of employees and tariff categories (OKPDTR), the profession of a paramedic is indicated by code 27328.

What is the difference between a paramedic and a doctor?

A paramedic is a specialist who has received a specialized secondary medical education.

In the medical hierarchy, he is located between the doctor and the nurse. He has the right to conduct examinations and establish a diagnosis, conduct self-treatment or refer the patient to a specialist doctor.

Unlike a nurse, a paramedic is qualified to diagnose and treat diseases. The nurse does not prescribe treatment; she provides care and looks after the sick.

There are fewer differences in the activities of a paramedic and a doctor. The paramedic is in many cases able to replace the doctor, but the level of professional knowledge of the doctor is higher, so the paramedic works under the supervision of the doctor.

Where are paramedics in demand?

The role of the paramedic is especially important in places remote from large medical facilities. In villages, for example, the work of a paramedic practically does not differ from the work of a district doctor. And the institution where he works is called the feldsher-obstetric station (FAP). Here, the paramedic often performs the functions of both a therapist, a nurse, and even an obstetrician.

Paramedics also work at ambulances, in first-aid posts at airports, railway and bus stations, in military units, and in health centers of large enterprises.

In large medical institutions, where there are no problems with personnel, paramedics help doctors.

Paramedic specialization

Paramedics are in demand in a variety of fields. medical services. The main specialties of a paramedic are:

Obstetrician. Monitors pregnant women, helps the doctor conduct an examination and maintains documentation, if necessary, participates in delivery.

Children's paramedic. Conducts examinations of newborns, supervises the condition of children of all age categories.

Laboratory assistant. Collecting material for analysis. Has the right to independently conduct some research.

Sanitary paramedic. Responsible for the sanitary condition of children's institutions, hospitals, beauty salons, grocery stores, etc.

Paramedic ambulance. Works on calls, provides emergency care, makes decisions on hospitalization of patients. Performs the functions of a doctor's assistant, but can also work independently, leading a team.

Military paramedic. Checks the condition of military personnel and conscripts; assists in the treatment during combat operations in the field and in the hospital. As a rule, military medical academies are engaged in the training of such specialists.

District paramedic. In fact, he performs the duties of a therapist in the FAP or in the medical unit at large enterprise provides treatment and prevention. At the enterprises, he is also responsible for the observance of working conditions.

Where can you learn to be a paramedic?

To work as a paramedic, a secondary specialized education is sufficient. You can get it at any medical college or university.

The direction of training is suitable for any of the traditionally offered:

"Medicine";

"Medical and preventive work";

"Sisterhood".

You can enter both after the 9th and after the 11th grade. The exception is the specialty "General Medicine" - they are accepted here only with a certificate of secondary education, that is, after the 11th grade.

The term of study in college on the basis of 11 classes is: 2 years 10 months (on the specialty "Medicine" - 3 years 10 months). The term of study for those who enter after the 9th grade is increased by 1 year (3 years 10 months).

Despite the fact that the position of a paramedic does not provide for a mandatory higher education, some specialists working as paramedics have higher medical education. This is often due to the fact that after graduation, graduates find it easier to get a job as a paramedic. As a rule, in the future, such a specialist manages to quickly rise to the level of a doctor.

Professionals with higher education also move up the career ladder.

As for other medical specialties, for a paramedic, in addition to a diploma of secondary education, for.

Salary and career prospects

Since the specialty of a paramedic involves versatile medical knowledge, the ability to perform a variety of procedures, this is a profession that is quite in demand on the labor market. But not the most profitable.

The average monthly salary of a medical assistant depends on many factors: the level of a medical institution, its location, the length of service of a specialist, and his qualifications.

The lowest wages are offered in rural FAPs, here it varies on average from 20 to 40 thousand rubles, but there are cases when a paramedic is offered lower salaries.

The highest is in prestigious private clinics, where the salary is set after an interview and can be comparable to the salary of a highly qualified doctor.

At the same time, it must be remembered that a program is currently operating in the country. state support for health workers "Zemsky feldsher", according to which feldshers who are ready to move to the countryside are provided with a lifting payment of 500 thousand rubles, which can be spent on improving living conditions. At the same time, the health worker undertakes to work in rural areas for at least 5 years.

As a rule, the career growth of a paramedic is associated with further education at a university and obtaining a doctor's specialty.

At the same time, even with a secondary education, a paramedic can count on career. To advance in the administrative line, you need at least five years of experience and the completion of courses in nursing management.

When working at paramedical stations, it is possible to obtain the position of head.

Pros and cons of the profession

shorter training period compared to a doctor;

the demand for specialists;

variety of fields of activity;

the opportunity to combine work in medical institutions with part-time work in private organizations (beauty salons, swimming pools, etc.);

high social significance of the profession.

a wide range of responsibilities;

physical activity and great responsibility;

irregular working hours;

demand, mainly in small medical institutions.

Paramedic

A person has the right to be bad artist or carpenter

but doesn't haveright to be a bad doctor.

V.Ya. Danilevsky

Profession "paramedic" first appeared in Germany; the term "feldscher" itself with German language translated as "field barber", as in the Middle Ages they called a person providing medical care directly on the battlefield during wars. Today, a paramedic is an assistant or assistant to a doctor in city and district medical institutions, and in rural medical posts, he performs the functions of both a doctor and a manager. The profession of a paramedic is very responsible and important, as it combines considerable medical knowledge with unique practical skills.

In this profession, the following specializations are distinguished:

Paramedic-laboratory assistant;

paramedic ambulance;

Paramedic-obstetrician;

Sanitary paramedic;

Military paramedic.

With all the variety of specialties in this profession in educational organizations it is possible to obtain a general paramedical education with the qualification "paramedic", however, the content of the professional activity of a specialist will be determined by the specifics of the place of work.

Professionally important qualities:

good working and long-term memory;

organizational skills;

the ability to concentrate and distribute attention;

good hand-eye coordination;

ability to act effectively in a crisis situation;

logical and analytical thinking;

communication skills;

goodwill;

self-control;

responsibility;

tact;

accuracy;

stress resistance;

physical endurance;

neuropsychic stability.

Medical restrictions:

Reduced level of vision and hearing;

cardiovascular diseases;

neuropsychiatric diseases;

allergy to drugs;

disorders of the musculoskeletal system;

chronic infectious diseases.

A paramedic is a specialist with a secondary medical education. Provides first pre-medical, urgent and emergency medical care to the sick and injured. Working as part of an ambulance team, he is an assistant to a doctor and works under his supervision. Independently provides inpatient, outpatient and home care, performing the functions of a doctor in medical centers in rural areas; conducts measures to prevent and reduce morbidity, for the early detection of diseases; assists in childbirth; holds various analyzes; develops treatment-and-prophylactic and sanitary-hygienic measures and participates in their implementation; performs medical appointments; supervises the activities of junior medical staff. Responsibilities largely depend on where you work.

Educational organizations in Omsk and the Omsk region:

Medical College of the Omsk Region;

Omsk Medical School of Railway Transport (OmGUPS);

Omsk State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

Professional activity

Most college graduates go to the emergency medical service. Only doctors and paramedics are allowed to work here. There are no nurses in the ambulance, and the paramedic works in the same team as the doctor or in a special paramedic team. In both cases, the paramedic must have a fairly broad medical knowledge, be able to make decisions correctly and quickly. Can work in health centers, hospitals, clinics, dispensaries, sanatoriums, maternity hospitals and other medical institutions.

Career

Paramedics are constantly in demand in the labor market. In the future, the paramedic can become the head of the health center, the senior paramedic. The presence of a higher medical education provides an opportunity for career growth.

Student skills necessary to perform empirical CPD Substantiation of the relevance of the study Determination of the subject and object of empirical research (EI) Formulation of the goals and objectives of EI Planning of EI and predicting the reliability of expected results Selection of methods and selection of methods to test the hypotheses of empirical research Practical mastering of the research methodology Statistical processing of EI data Interpretation of the obtained results Formulation of conclusions and recommendations Correct design thesis

Design of work Page format - A 4, font - 14, interpage. spacing - 1, 5. Justification, left indent - 1, 5. Text should be placed on one side of a sheet of paper with the following margins: left - 30 mm, right - 15 mm, top - 20 mm, bottom - 20 mm .

The title page is the first page of the WRC/RC and is drawn up in accordance with the established template. not numbered

Abstract Issued at the very last moment (after completion of work on the CD), however, the work follows after the title page The abstract indicates: 1. Volume of pages Number of figures Diagrams Tables Applications Sources 2. List keywords, which together give an idea of ​​this work 3. The object of the study is determined The subject of the study The purpose of the thesis 4. The methods of research activity used. The page is not numbered. Tasks are not formulated in the abstract!!! For example: When developing and solving the set goal, methods were used - observation, comparison, analysis of theoretical and practical material.

An example of a thesis abstract Abstract The thesis is written on 92 pages, the work contains 8 tables, 10 applications, 5 diagrams, 8 figures. The list of keywords that give an idea of ​​the content of this work: diseases leading to the threat of terminal conditions, the structure of the FAP, legal acts regulating the activities of a paramedic in this pathology, morbidity, prevention. The object of research in the thesis is the tactics of the paramedic during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; The subject of the study is to identify factors that affect the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation; The main goal of the course work is to substantiate the list of necessary techniques and tools that increase the efficiency of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation at the prehospital stage; In developing and solving the set goal, methods were used - observation, comparison, analysis of theoretical and practical material.

Requirements for choosing the topic of a term paper/thesis The specificity of the topic The subject and object of the research should be clear from the title of the paper The title of the paper should correspond to the research hypothesis or the purpose of the research In the case of long titles, the use of additional explanatory and clarifying comments by the author after the colon gives them better readability. For example: “Adolescent crisis in girls brought up in single-parent families: individual characteristics»

Object of research The object of research is a fragment of reality that is being studied or an area of ​​activity. An object is a process or phenomenon that generates a problem situation that the author has chosen for research. The object of study answers the question: “What are we considering? » For example: Theme of work: Features of professional activity nurse with bronchial asthma. Object of study: The activity of a nurse in therapeutic diseases in a hospital / and, or polyclinic

Subject of research The subject of research is certain aspects or relations of an object, processes, states or properties of phenomena or people, functions and characteristics of individual phenomena, their connections and their influence on each other. It is on the subject of research that the main attention of the author is directed, it is the subject that determines the theme of the work. For its study (subject), the goal and objectives are formulated. For example: Theme of work: Features of the professional activity of a nurse with bronchial asthma. Subject of study: Features of the professional activity of a nurse with asthma in a hospital and, or polyclinic

The purpose of the study The purpose of the work characterizes its expected result. The goal is directly related to the topic. For example: Theme of work: Features of the professional activity of a nurse with bronchial asthma. The purpose of the work: To substantiate the list of necessary techniques and tools that optimize nursing activities in providing care to patients suffering from asthma; conduct approbation in the course of educational / industrial practice and formulate practical recommendations for improving the SU in bronchial asthma

The objectives of the study are the choice of ways and means to achieve the goal. Specify the goal. Theoretical problems are usually solved by analysis, synthesis, search for similarities and differences, abstraction and generalization, classification and systematization of theoretical and empirical data available in the literature. Empirical tasks are solved by collecting and analyzing data obtained using empirical methods, such as observation, experiment, conversation, questioning, measurement, as well as methods of qualitative and quantitative processing of these data, such as typology, correlation, comparison, factorization. To achieve the goal in the course / thesis work, no more than 5 tasks are set

An example of the formulation of the goal and objectives of the thesis Theme of the work: Features of the professional activity of a nurse in bronchial asthma. Purpose of the work: To substantiate the list of necessary techniques and tools that optimize nursing activities in providing care to patients suffering from asthma Pereslavl Central District Hospital" 3. To analyze the features of the work of a nurse with asthma in the conditions of the polyclinic of the Pereslavl Central District Hospital 4. To give recommendations on optimizing the work of a nurse in the management of patients suffering from asthma

The table of contents contains all the headings of the sections of the CD with the indication of the pages from which they begin. not numbered

The introduction substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic, defines the goals and objectives of the study, the subject and object, research methods, indicates the basis for the work

INTRODUCTION Relevance of the topic Object of study Subject of study The purpose of the thesis The tasks of the thesis The base of the work

The relevance of the research topic is the degree of its importance at the moment and in this situation for solving these problems or tasks. Relevance is revealed in the introduction. Coverage of relevance should not be verbose.

Introduction (example) The number of people who die annually in Russia from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is comparable to the population big city and is about 300,000 cases. According to official statistics, in Europe and America, in 1-5 cases for every thousand hospitalized patients, there is a need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, 30 people suddenly die per million people per week. In the United States, timely and appropriate CPR saves between 100,000 and 200,000 lives each year. Sudden cardiac death accounts for 15-20% of all non-violent deaths among residents of developed countries and can overtake even an absolutely healthy person without prior signs of diseases of the cardiovascular system, suddenly and without regard to age. An exhaustive answer to the question about the causes of this phenomenon still does not exist. About 75% of SCA cases occur at home, at work, in places of recreation, and only 25% of cases occur in medical institutions. Without first aid, about 91% of victims of SCA die before being admitted to the hospital. Thus, it is the ambulance paramedic or FAP who should provide assistance at the site of the development of clinical death in full. There is an obvious pattern: the earlier assistance is started, the higher the likelihood of saving a person, so resuscitation at the scene should be the most effective and timely. Given the above, a problem arises: the organization of the effective activity of the paramedic on the EMS and FAP during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The solution of this problem is one of the main ways to reduce the mortality rate and significantly improve the efficiency of medical care for the population. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the list of necessary techniques and means used by the paramedic that increase the effectiveness of CPR. The object of the study is the paramedic's tactics during CPR. The subject of the study is to identify factors that affect the effectiveness of CPR. In accordance with the purpose, object and subject of the study, the following tasks are set: 1. Analyze the regulatory documentation that regulates the tactics of the paramedic during CPR. 2. Analyze the prevalence of diseases that can lead to the development of terminal conditions on FAP. 3. To analyze the statistics of the ambulance for resuscitation and their effectiveness. 4. Make suggestions on techniques and means that increase the effectiveness of CPR by the paramedic. Bases of work: Medyaginsky feldsher-obstetric station, State Healthcare Institution of Yao SSMP.

The main part is informative in nature, it solves the tasks set, describes the course and results of scientific and analytical work.

The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results to solve practical problems. Here the student needs to show how the scientific results obtained by him can be useful for solving practical problems in a certain field of activity. The practical significance of the study should logically follow from the study itself.

Practical part KR The number of paragraphs of the practical part most often corresponds to the number of tasks. To solve each practical task a separate section of the chapter. At the end of each paragraph, a conclusion is drawn. The practical part of the course work: Drawing up a questionnaire to identify risk factors for the disease in a patient Drawing up a plan for patient care medical nutrition, physical activity regimen, rules for taking prescribed medications Drawing up recommendations for relatives on organizing patient care at home

Research methods are ways of collecting and processing information. The choice of methods is determined by the object and goals of scientific research. Basic methods: the method of observation allows you to perceive the features of the course of the phenomenon or process under study and their changes, includes an analysis of the use of various methods of laboratory and clinical research, methods of examining a patient; experimental methods include laboratory experiments, psychophysiological and clinical studies carried out under precisely taken into account conditions; the sociological method includes a survey, conversation, questioning, testing, expert assessment (an assessment obtained by asking for the opinions of specialists); the statistical method is used, if necessary, to obtain quantitative characteristics of the studied phenomena with subsequent analysis; the historical method includes a historical graphic, archival study of literature covering the issue or problem under study;

Conclusions and Practical recommendations Follow from the logic of the research; 2. Related to the purpose of the work and the tasks set, the solution of which led to the formulation of conclusions; 3. A conclusion must be formulated for each task; 4. Recommendations are aimed at improving the process, activities, indicators, etc. 1.

Conclusions 1. follow from the tasks 2. are drawn up in the conclusion Tasks 1. Analyze the normative documentation that regulates the paramedic's tactics during CPR. Conclusions 1. An analysis of the literature and regulatory documentation governing the tactics of a paramedic during cardiopulmonary resuscitation revealed that over the past five years there have been significant changes in the algorithm of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Namely: The algorithm for diagnosing clinical death has been changed, which allows the most accurate and quick diagnosis, without wasting time trying to detect respiratory arrest using a mirror, the movement of a piece of thread, etc.; Such methods of artificial ventilation of the lungs as "mouth-to-nose" are not used, since it has been proven ineffective and "mouth-to-tracheostomy" due to the impossibility of observing hygiene standards when using this method; Simplified measures to maintain the life of the body after the onset of clinical death, performed by all resuscitators, regardless of whether they are qualified medical workers or non-professionals. This, accordingly, will reduce the mortality rate and the number of cases of disability, as a consequence of brain dysfunction after circulatory arrest.

Conclusion The conclusion consistently sets out the theoretical and practical results and judgments that the student came to as a result of the study. They should be concise, clear, giving a complete picture of the content, significance, validity and effectiveness of the work. The results (conclusions) of the study should correspond to the goals and objectives.

An example of a conclusion conclusion Conclusion. Delayed cardiopulmonary resuscitation significantly reduces the chances of a full restoration of the body's vital functions. So, if resuscitation was started later than 10 minutes after cardiac arrest, then in the vast majority of cases, a complete restoration of the functions of the central nervous system is impossible. Surviving patients will have more or less severe neurological symptoms associated with cortical damage. If the provision of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was started 15 minutes after the onset of clinical death, then in most cases there is a complete death of the cerebral cortex, leading to social death of a person. In this case, it is possible to return only the vegetative functions of the body (independent breathing, nutrition, etc.), as the personality of a person dies. 20 minutes after cardiac arrest, usually complete brain death occurs, when even vegetative functions cannot be returned. Now complete brain death is legally equal to the death of a person, although the life of the body can still be maintained for some time with the help of modern medical equipment and pharmaceuticals. Thus, the following results can be summarized: 1. An analysis of the literature and regulatory documentation governing the tactics of a paramedic during cardiopulmonary resuscitation revealed that over the past five years there have been significant changes in the algorithm for conducting cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Namely: The algorithm for diagnosing clinical death has been changed, which allows the most accurate and quick diagnosis, without wasting time trying to detect respiratory arrest using a mirror, the movement of a piece of thread, etc.; Such methods of artificial ventilation of the lungs as "mouth-to-nose" are not used, since it has been proven ineffective and "mouth-to-tracheostomy" due to the impossibility of observing hygiene standards when using this method; Simplified measures to maintain the life of the body after the onset of clinical death, performed by all resuscitators, regardless of whether they are qualified medical workers or non-professionals. This, accordingly, will reduce the mortality rate and the number of cases of disability, as a consequence of brain dysfunction after circulatory arrest. 2. As a result of the analysis of factors affecting the threat of terminal conditions, it follows that their risk of development in the analyzed area is low and is carried out as much as possible possible work to further reduce it, but at the same time, in order to provide the most complete and timely emergency care, it is necessary to improve the equipment of the Medyaginsky FAP, replace the instructions for CPR, conduct health education among the population regarding changes in CPR standards, since it is precisely the possession of CPR techniques as much as possible number of inhabitants, will allow timely assistance to the victim and, therefore, increase the chances of successful completion of resuscitation. 3. An analysis of the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation carried out by the brigades of the emergency medical service in Yaroslavl showed that the number of deaths in 2014 decreased by 0.02% compared to 2013, which indicates the effectiveness of CPR, due to the quick timely arrival of paramedical and specialized teams, and as well as their full equipment, the introduction of a new protocol for CPR from 2010. 4. After analyzing the literature and regulatory documentation governing the tactics of a paramedic during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, having studied the prevalence of factors affecting the threat of terminal conditions and the statistics of the SMP, we can make the following suggestions for techniques and means that increase the effectiveness of the paramedic's conduct of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation: to control the professional knowledge and skills of paramedics in conducting CPR; control the equipment of FAPs and other services of the prehospital stage with the necessary set of resuscitation equipment; study regularly; control knowledge of orders; update manuals and instructions in a timely manner. All this will increase the survival rate of patients before the arrival of specialized ambulance teams.

Requirements for the list of references Normative legal documents and sources: orders federal, regional, Orders and standards, San. Pins, GOSTs Monographs Collections Printed articles Internet publications Uniform alphabetical numbering Full correspondence of numbering with the text of the work

Requirements for the design of work When compiling this manual, GOSTs were used: GOST 2. 105 - 95. ESKD. “General requirements for text documents” (updated on January 13, 2010) GOST 7. 32 - 2001 “Research report. Structure and rules of registration” GOST R 6. 30 - 2003 “Unified Documentation System. Unified system of organizational and administrative documentation. Documentation requirements. » GOST 7. 1 - 2003 «Bibliographic record. Bibliographic description. General requirements and compilation rules” GOST 7. 12 - 77 “Abbreviation of Russian words and phrases in bibliographic descriptions” GOST 7. 11-78 “Abbreviations of words and phrases in foreign languages ​​in bibliographic descriptions” GOST 7. 80 - 2000 “Bibliographic record. Title. General requirements and rules for compiling" GOST 7. 82 - 2001 "Bibliographic description electronic resources: general requirements and rules for compiling" GOST 7. 0. 5 - 2008 "Bibliographic reference. General requirements and drafting rules » .

No. Object of unification of final qualification works Parameters of unification Design requirements 1 Sheet of paper A 4 2 Font size 14 points 3 Font name Times New Roman 4 Line spacing One and a half 5 Number of lines per page 28 30 lines (1800 printed characters) 6 Paragraph 1, 25 cm (5 characters) 7 Margins (mm) Left, top and bottom - 20, right - 10 8 Total volume without appendices 50 60 typewritten pages 9 Volume of introduction 2 4 typewritten pages 10 Volume of the main part 40 50 pages of typewritten text 11 Volume of conclusion 3 5 pages of typewritten text (approximately equal to the volume of introduction) 12 Page numbering Through, at the bottom of the sheet, in the middle. The title page does not have a page number. 13 Sequence Title page. The assignment to perform the final cast of the structural qualifying work. Content. Introduction. parts of the work Main part. Conclusion. Glossary. List of used sources. List of abbreviations. Applications 14 Structural design Each structural part starts with a new part of the page work. The names are given from the paragraph with a capital (capital letter). Point at the end of the title is not put 15 The structure of the main part 2 3 chapters, proportionate in volume 16 The presence of a glossary 15 20 concepts 17 The composition of the list of used 30 50 bibliographic descriptions of documentary sources and literary sources 18 The presence of appendices Mandatory 19 Content design Content (table of contents) includes headings (table of contents) of all sections, chapters, paragraphs, glossary, applications, indicating the pages of the beginning of each part

Table 1 Table 1 Comparative characteristics of the equipment of cars of different classes Recommended equipment for ambulances type A type B type C 1 1 Resuscitation kit for ambulance NISP 1 1

Registration of appendices In the form of appendices, material is drawn up that supplements the main part of the CD They are indicated in capital letters, with the exception of ё, Z, Y, O, H, b, Ы, b Each annex starts from a new page Have a common pagination with the main part of the document

Registration of applications In the text of the CD, for example: there should be links to all the main manifestations of the application of changes in the bone. watch glasses” (Appendix B).

Tactical mistakes Errors in presentation style Basic requirements for presentation style Diploma / course work should be presented in a concise, clear, competent language. Proposals devoted to the presentation of any specific thought, ideas should be combined into a separate paragraph. The presentation and arrangement of the questions and sections of the thesis considered in the text part should be consistent and logical. To display numerical data, analysis results, generalization of indicators, identification of relationships between the studied quantities, illustrations (photos, diagrams, diagrams, tables, etc.) should be used. It is recommended to present the material in the diploma in your own words, avoiding verbatim rewriting from literary sources. Arbitrary abbreviations are also not allowed. Quotations, data, figures, tables, views of other authors borrowed from the literature should be provided with links to relevant sources. When writing the text of the thesis, the general tone of the presentation of the material should be calm, and the statements should be reasoned. The material should be presented in the first person plural, for example: we analyze, we design, we choose. You can also use an indefinite form, for example: should be accepted, considered appropriate, etc. A single terminology must be used throughout the work. If the term has synonyms, then one of them should be chosen. Usually, a repeatedly repeated verbose term is replaced by an abbreviation. An important condition for preventing errors is a preliminary reading of the diploma materials by the supervisor and consultant, who note the mistakes made by the student and indicate what needs to be shortened, supplemented, clarified. Critical remarks the student must write down and take into account. It is recommended to show the work to practitioners in the organization on the basis of which it was written.

work Scheme of the report on the defense of the final qualification work 1. Address: Dear Chairman and members of the State attestation commission! Your attention is invited to the final qualifying work on the topic ... 2. In 2 - 3 sentences, a description of the relevance of the topic is given. 3. Driven short review literary sources on the chosen problem (the degree of development of the problem). 4. The purpose of the final qualifying work - the purpose of the work is formulated. 5. Tasks are formulated, titles of chapters are given. At the same time, verbs of the type should be present in the formulation - study, consider, disclose, formulate, analyze, determine, etc. 6. From each chapter, conclusions or formulations characterizing the results are used. You can show posters/slides here When you show slides, you should not read the text shown on them. It is only necessary to describe the image in one or two phrases. If charts are shown, then they should be named and the trends seen on the charts should be stated. When demonstrating diagrams, pay attention to the designation of segments, columns, etc. Graphic material should be visual and understandable from the outside. The text that accompanies charts and histograms should reflect specific conclusions only. The volume of this part of the report should not exceed 1.5 2 pages of printed text. 7. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: (the main conclusions made in the conclusion are formulated). 8. Based on the conclusions, the following proposals were made: (proposals are listed). Note. The seventh and eighth parts of the report should not exceed 1 printed page in total. In total, the entire report with a running time of 10 12 minutes (with demonstration material) fits on 3 4 pages of printed text with a line spacing of 1, 0 and a font (14 points).

The procedure for the implementation of the WQR by students Period October November December January - February March April - May June Stages of the WQR implementation The choice of the problem and the formulation of the topic. Drawing up an indicative research plan. Selection of literature on the topic. Working with sources. Determination of the main methodological characteristics of the work: the selection of the object and subject of research, the formulation of the goal, hypothesis, research objectives, the choice of research methods. Working with sources. Writing the theoretical part of the WRC. Development of the practical part of the work. Carrying out practical work, analysis of indicators. Work with sources, systematization of the material, editing the theoretical paragraphs of the work. The final formulation of the research topic. Carrying out the practical part of the work. Description of this stage of work. Analysis of the results of the practical part of the work. Description of the final stage of work. Generalization of research materials on the topic of work. WRC pre-defense. Final design of the work: writing conclusions for chapters, writing an introduction and conclusion, compiling the final version of the bibliography, designing applications, title page, table of contents, layout and binding of the thesis. Checking work supervisor. Reviewing work. Performing procedural steps. WRC protection.

An important section of the activity of paramedics is the provision of medical care to patients at home. The order of treatment of patients at home is determined by the doctors of the district hospital or the central district hospital (CRH) and only in some cases by the paramedic himself. Patients left at home should be monitored continuously until they recover. This is especially true for children. It is expedient to hospitalize patients from settlements remote from FAP; when leaving the patient at home, the paramedic informs the doctor of the rural medical district about this and monitors the patient.

In outpatient care for tuberculosis patients, the paramedic, being the direct executor of medical prescriptions, conducts immunochemoprophylaxis, medical examination, anti-epidemic measures in the foci of tuberculosis infection, work on hygiene education, etc.

A paramedic working at a FAP must master the simplest resuscitation techniques at the prehospital stage, especially in case of sudden cardiac or respiratory arrest, the causes of which can be severe injuries, blood loss, acute myocardial infarction, poisoning, drowning, electrical injury. Paramedics and obstetricians working independently are also entrusted with the provision of emergency medical care in case of acute illnesses and accidents. In case of an urgent call, the paramedic must have a suitcase with him, complete with medical instruments and medicines according to the packing list.

Paramedics play an important role in medical examination of the rural population. Its main goal is to implement a set of measures aimed at forming, maintaining and strengthening the health of the population, preventing the development of diseases, reducing morbidity, and increasing active creative longevity.

To conduct a general medical examination, a personal registration of the entire population living in the service area of ​​the polyclinic, outpatient clinic and FAP is carried out in accordance with the “Instruction on the procedure for accounting for the annual medical examination of the entire population”. In rural areas, the lists of residents are average medical workers of the FAP.

For the personal registration of each resident, paramedical workers fill out the “Medical examination record card” (educational form No. 131 / y - 86) and number it in accordance with the number of the outpatient medical card ( accounting form No. 025/y). After clarifying the composition of the population, all "Medical examination records" are transferred to the file cabinet.

The paramedic or midwife makes sure that patients who need seasonal (autumn, spring) anti-relapse treatment receive it in a timely manner in a hospital or on an outpatient basis. The proper organization of the examination of temporary disability for FAP is important for reducing the incidence.

In accordance with the "Regulations on the head of the feldsher-obstetric station", the head of the FOP, the paramedic may have the right to issue sick leaves, certificates and other medical documents in the manner established by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

Grounds for granting the right to extradite sick leave the paramedic is the petition of the chief physician of the district, which must indicate:

The remoteness of the FAP from the hospital (outpatient clinic) to which he is assigned;

The number of serviced settlements of the state farm and the number of employees in them;

Status of communication routes;

The experience of the paramedic and the level of his qualifications;

Knowledge and observance by the paramedic of the basics of examinations of temporary disability and the “Instructions on the procedure for issuing sick leave”. The medical assistant keeps records of the issued sick leave in the "Book of Registration of Disability Leaves" (form No. 036 / y) with obligatory filling all its graphs.

Therapeutic and preventive care for women and children. At each FLP, the paramedic (midwife) maintains a file of personal records of women starting from the age of 18, where they enter passport data, past illnesses, information about all pregnancies (years in which each pregnancy ended, complications). The medical assistant (midwife) begins the examination of each pregnant woman at the first visit with a general examination, measures the length and weight of the body, blood pressure on the common arms, determines the condition of the heart, lungs and other organs within her competence, examines the urine for protein. When monitoring pregnant women, the paramedic (midwife) of the FAP is obliged to show each of them to the doctor; in cases where a woman has the slightest deviation from the normal development of pregnancy, she should be immediately referred to a doctor.

One of the important sections of the activity of FAP paramedics is to carry out primary anti-epidemic measures in the event of outbreaks of infectious diseases, the timeliness and quality of which determine the effectiveness of preventing the spread of infection outside the outbreak. In this regard, the organization of the activities of FLP employees, aimed at identifying infectious diseases among the population, is of great importance.

When diagnosing an infectious disease (or suspecting it), the paramedical staff of the FAP should:

Carry out primary anti-epidemic measures in the outbreak;

Isolate the patient at home and organize ongoing disinfection before hospitalization of the patient;

Identify all persons who have been in contact with the patient, take them into account and establish medical supervision over them;

Carry out (together with the doctor) quarantine measures in relation to persons who have been in contact with sick people, attending preschool institutions, schools or working at epidemically important facilities;

Inform at the place of work, study, preschool institutions, at the place of residence about the sick person and the persons who had contact with him;

At the direction of a pediatrician or epidemiologist, conduct gamma globulin prophylaxis for those who have been in contact with a patient with viral hepatitis A.

An infectious patient is hospitalized during the first day of the disease in a special transport. In its absence, the patient can be transported by any means of transport with subsequent disinfection. In the future, the medical worker of the FAP follows the instructions of the epidemiologist (assistant epidemiologist) and carries out:

Collection of material from persons who have been in contact with patients for laboratory research in order to identify bacteria carriers;

Vaccinations according to epidemiological indications and chemoprophylaxis;

Dynamic monitoring of persons who have been in contact with patients during the incubation period of this infectious disease.

Paramedics and midwives of the FAP play an important role in health-improving activities, hygienic education of the rural population and propaganda healthy lifestyle life. In order to correctly assess the level of well-being of the object, paramedics are trained in the simplest laboratory tests, express methods and are provided with field express laboratories. With the help of such a laboratory, it is possible to determine residual amounts of chlorine in disinfectant solutions, on objects and surfaces (starch iodine method), residual amounts of detergents on tableware (phenolphthalein test).

The FAP paramedic often has to take part in the analysis of occupational injuries and the development of measures to reduce it, so he must be familiar with the main causes of injuries: technical, organizational and sanitary and hygienic. More than half of all victims turn to FAP, so the nursing staff is required to constantly improve their knowledge, in particular, in first aid for injuries. In addition to providing first aid to the victim, FAP paramedics register and record injuries; identify, study and analyze their causes depending on various factors; together with doctors, develop specific measures to eliminate the identified causes; monitor compliance with safety regulations; train employees Agriculture first aid practices.

When working as part of a medical team, the paramedic is completely subordinate to the doctor during the call. His task is to fulfill all assignments accurately and quickly. Responsibility for decisions made lies with the doctor. The paramedic must be proficient in the technique of subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections and ECG recording, be able to quickly set up a drip system, measure blood pressure, count the pulse and number of respiratory movements, insert an airway, perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation, etc. He must also be able to apply a splint and a bandage, stop bleeding, know the rules for transporting patients.

When independent work the ambulance paramedic is fully responsible for everything, so he must be fully proficient in diagnostic methods at the prehospital stage. He needs knowledge in emergency therapy, surgery, traumatology, gynecology, pediatrics. He must know the basics of toxicology, be able to take birth on his own, assess the neurological and mental state of the patient, not only register, but also tentatively evaluate the ECG.

Appendix No. 10 to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 100 dated 03.26.99

"Regulations on the paramedic of the mobile ambulance brigade"

I. General provisions

1.1. A specialist with a secondary medical education in the specialty "General Medicine", who has a diploma and an appropriate certificate, is appointed to the position of paramedic of the "Ambulance" brigade.

1.2. When fulfilling the duties of providing emergency medical care as part of the paramedic team, the paramedic is the responsible executor of all work, and as part of the medical team acts under the guidance of a doctor.

1.3. The paramedic of the ambulance mobile team is guided in his work by the legislation of the Russian Federation, regulatory and methodological documents of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the Charter of the ambulance station, orders and orders of the administration of the station (substation, department), these Regulations.

1.4. The paramedic of the ambulance mobile brigade is appointed to the position and dismissed statutory okay.

II. Responsibilities

The paramedic of the mobile brigade "Ambulance" is obliged:

2.1. Ensure the immediate departure of the brigade after receiving a call and its arrival at the scene within the established time limit in the given territory.

2.2. Provide emergency medical care to the sick and injured at the scene and during transportation to hospitals.

2.3. To administer medicines to patients and injured for medical reasons, to stop bleeding, to carry out resuscitation in accordance with approved industry norms, rules and standards for paramedical personnel for the provision of emergency medical care.

2.4. Be able to use the available medical equipment, master the technique of applying transport splints, dressings and methods of conducting basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

2.5. Master the technique of taking electrocardiograms.

2.6. Know the location of medical institutions and the service areas of the station.

2.7. Ensure the transfer of the patient on a stretcher, if necessary, take part in it (in the conditions of the work of the brigade, the transfer of the patient on a stretcher is regarded as a type of medical care). When transporting the patient, be next to him, providing the necessary medical care.

2.8. If it is necessary to transport a patient in an unconscious state or in a state of alcoholic intoxication, inspect for documents, valuables, money indicated in the Call Card, hand them over to the admission department of the hospital with a mark in the direction against the signature of the staff on duty.

2.9. When providing medical assistance in emergency situations, in cases of violent injuries, act in accordance with the procedure established by law (inform the internal affairs authorities).

2.10. Ensure infectious safety (observe the rules of the sanitary-hygienic and anti-epidemic regime). If a quarantine infection is detected in a patient, provide him with the necessary medical care, observing precautionary measures, and inform the senior shift doctor about the patient's clinical, epidemiological and passport data.

2.11. Ensure proper storage, accounting and write-off of medicines.

2.12. At the end of the duty, check the condition of medical equipment, transport tires, replenish those used during work medicines, oxygen, nitrous oxide.

2.13. Inform the administration of the ambulance station about all emergencies that occurred during the call.

2.14. At the request of internal affairs officers, stop to provide emergency medical care, regardless of the location of the patient (injured).

2.15. Maintain approved accounting and reporting documentation.

2.16. In accordance with the established procedure, improve your professional level, improve practical skills.

III. Rights

The paramedic of the ambulance team has the right to:

3.1. If necessary, call the medical team "Ambulance" for help.

3.2. Make proposals to improve the organization and provision of emergency medical care, improve the working conditions of medical personnel.

3.3. Improve your qualifications in your specialty at least once every five years. Pass certification and re-certification in the prescribed manner.

3.4. To take part in the work of medical conferences, meetings, seminars held by the administration of the institution.

IV. Responsibility

The paramedic of the ambulance team is responsible in accordance with the procedure established by law:

4.1. For the professional activities carried out in accordance with the approved industry norms, rules and standards for the paramedical personnel of the "Ambulance".

4.2. For illegal actions or omissions that caused damage to the health of the patient or his death.

In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 100, field teams are divided into feldsher and medical teams. The paramedical brigade includes two paramedics, an orderly and a driver. The medical team includes a doctor, two paramedics (or a paramedic and a nurse anesthesiologist), an orderly and a driver.

The tactics of the behavior of the ambulance paramedic during the call. Ambulance personnel, including paramedics, work in very difficult conditions. During the call, the paramedic may encounter any, the most unexpected pathology. He needs to have a broad outlook, have knowledge from various fields of medicine, be able to quickly navigate in a difficult situation, keep calm, and make the right decision in a short time. For this, only special training is not enough; certain moral qualities, good health and life experience are also required.

One of the main difficulties is that at the moment of leaving for a challenge, you never know exactly what lies ahead. A "heart attack" can turn into anything - from hysteria to poisoning with pills, and when leaving due to a hand injury, a patient with a gunshot wound, massive blood loss and shock can turn out to be on the spot. Therefore, the paramedic must be constantly prepared for any situation. But you should not keep yourself in a state of nervous tension for a long time - you need to be able to quickly orient yourself and mobilize when you arrive at the place.

Already approaching the place of the call, it is necessary to begin to observe and draw conclusions. Whether they meet you or not; how the greeters look - worried, crying, alarmed, or indifferently leisurely; whether they are in a state of alcoholic intoxication, whether they look strange for the circumstances. There are no general laws, but, as a rule, when something really serious happens, the ambulance is met on the street. Unusual behavior may suggest the insincerity of the callers. In the case of departure on a deliberately criminal occasion (fights, riots, etc.), you must request police escort.

The person meeting should be let forward, let him show the way. On the way, you should start questioning to clarify what happened.

Arriving at the patient, it is necessary to quickly assess the situation. The collection of anamnesis in an ambulance has its own characteristics. It should be carried out purposefully. You should not at the very beginning allow lengthy stories about the history of life, marriage and many chronic ailments. You should find out what happened right now, everything else - later and if necessary. Often chronic patients who abuse the "Ambulance" without sufficient reason, this is perplexing. At the same time, a really seriously ill person may become confused, frightened, unable to immediately find words. This one needs help. One should not only follow the patient's lead, but also suppress him, adjust his complaints to his own (possibly incorrect) idea of ​​the nature of the disease. You should definitely ask what the patient himself connects his condition with, but evaluate his answer critically.

After clarifying the picture of what happened, you need to find out whether this condition arose for the first time or something similar has already happened, what helped then, what diagnosis was made, what other diseases the patient suffers from, are there any medical documents (outpatient card, extracts from hospitals, examination results) .

Simultaneously with the collection of anamnesis, it is necessary to begin an examination (count the pulse, measure blood pressure, palpate the abdomen, etc.).

If Small child sleeps, it is better to first gently palpate the abdomen, and only then wake it up and carry out further examination. Examining the pharynx in restless children should be the last thing, since this unpleasant procedure can make contact with the child difficult for a long time.

In case of injuries, you should first examine the site of injury, while assessing the general condition of the patient, and then proceed to the examination of organs and systems.

The collection of anamnesis and examination in an ambulance is given 5-10 minutes. But sometimes they don't! After that, it is necessary to draw conclusions, make a preliminary diagnosis and make a decision regarding the provision of assistance.

At the bedside of the patient, one should behave benevolently, correctly, but businesslike and firmly. One should not allow familiarity or condescending attitude on the part of relatives or the patient towards oneself, especially rudeness. All actions at the same time should be clear, confident, it is necessary to inspire calmness to the patient with all his appearance.

Before injecting or giving pills, it is necessary to find out if the patient is allergic to these drugs.

Particularly difficult in moral terms are calls to the street or to another public place about car accidents, falls from a height, or sudden serious illnesses, when an excited crowd gathers around, usually negatively or even aggressively disposed towards the ambulance staff. People in such a situation inadequately assess what is happening. Other ambulance personnel may also be at the scene. Listen to their advice and accept help. During transport to the hospital, you should not take more than one escort into the car. If you have to hospitalize a drunk or aggressive patient, he should be laid or planted so that he could not suddenly and quickly reach the paramedic. If the ambulance was stopped on the way to a call to help another patient and he really needs it, you should inform the dispatcher so that the first call is transferred to another team for execution.

After medical assistance has already been provided, it is necessary to explain to the patient what happened to him, how to behave in a similar case next time, and give general recommendations for the treatment and prevention of this disease. If necessary, an active call should be transferred to the local doctor (when the patient is not hospitalized for any reason, but requires dynamic observation) or the medical team (when the patient is in serious condition requires specialized care or the picture of the disease is not completely clear, and you are not sure of the diagnosis ).

The principle of operation of the paramedic (and the doctor) of the ambulance is overdiagnosis. The severity of the patient's condition is better to overestimate than to underestimate.

Methods and means of sanitary and educational work of a paramedic

In organizing his sanitary and educational work, the paramedic, along with traditional methods education of the population on health issues (such as interviews, group discussions, lectures, theme evenings, question and answer evenings, round table discussions, oral journals, health schools, press publications, conferences) also widely uses visual propaganda methods: wall newspapers ; health bulletins; exhibitions and corners of health; book exhibitions.

A health bulletin is an illustrated health education newspaper that focuses on one topic only. Topics should be relevant and chosen taking into account the challenges facing modern healthcare, as well as the seasonality and epidemiological situation in the region. The title is in large print. The name should be interesting, intriguing, it is desirable not to mention the word "disease" and "prevention".

The SanBulletin consists of two parts - textual and illustrated. The text is placed on a standard sheet of drawing paper in the form of columns, 13-15 cm wide, typed on a typewriter or computer. It is allowed to write the text in calligraphic handwriting in black or purple ink. It is necessary to highlight the editorial or introduction, the rest of the text should be divided into subsections (headings) with subheadings, which state the essence of the issues and give practical advice. Noteworthy is the presentation of the material in the form of questions and answers. The text should be written in a language that is intelligible to the general public without medical terminology, with the obligatory use of local material, examples of proper hygienic behavior in relation to one's health, cases from medical practice. Artistic design: drawings, photographs, applications should illustrate the material, but not duplicate it. The drawing can be one or more, but one of them - the main one - should carry the main semantic load and attract attention. Text and artwork should not be bulky. The health bulletin ends with a slogan or appeal.

It is necessary to ensure the issuance of a sanitary bulletin at least 1-2 times a quarter.

Health corner. The organization of the corner should be preceded by certain preparatory work: coordination with the leadership of this institution; determination of the list of works and necessary building materials (stands, strips, buttons, glue, fabric, etc.); choosing a place - one where there are constantly or often a lot of people; a selection of relevant illustrated material (posters, photo and literary exhibitions, transparencies, photographs, memos, leaflets, clippings from newspapers and magazines, drawings).

The leading theme of the health corner is various aspects of a healthy lifestyle. In the event of any infection or its threat in the area, appropriate prevention material should be placed in the corner. This may be a health bulletin, a leaflet prepared local authority sanitary and epidemiological supervision, a brief memo, a clipping from a medical newspaper, etc. The health corner should have a question and answer board. Answers to questions should always be timely, efficient and useful.

oral journals. IN oral journals, in addition to health workers, traffic police officers, juvenile inspectors, and lawyers should participate. In their reports, they address issues not only of a medical nature, but also affecting legal, social and moral problems. Therefore, in oral journals, several topics can be considered at once.

Disputes and conferences. Debate is a method of polemical discussion of any topical, moral or educational problem, a way of collective search, discussion and resolution of issues of concern to the population. A dispute is possible when it is well prepared, when not only specialists, but also (for example, at school) students and teachers participate in it. Collisions, conflict of opinions are associated with differences in the views of people, life experience, in requests, tastes, knowledge, in the ability to approach the analysis of phenomena. The purpose of the dispute is to support progressive opinion and convince everyone of the rightness.

A form of propaganda close to a dispute is a conference with a pre-designed program and fixed speeches by both specialists and the population itself.

Oral forms of health education propaganda also include themed evenings, round-table discussions, and question-and-answer evenings. Theater and entertainment events, mass sports events can play an important role in promoting a healthy lifestyle. The content of the work in carrying out various forms and methods of hygienic education of the population and promoting a healthy lifestyle at the FAP should be aimed at highlighting the basics of personal and public hygiene, hygiene of the village, town, housing, landscaping and gardening, maintenance of personal plots; to fight pollution environment; prevention of diseases caused by exposure to unfavorable meteorological conditions (high humidity, high and low temperatures, etc.); on the introduction of physical culture into the life of every person. The range of topics of this activity also includes labor and professional orientation: the creation of healthy household and working conditions, the formation of a healthy lifestyle. great attention it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of infectious diseases, improvement of water supply and water use. One of the important tasks is to promote occupational health measures in agricultural work, prevent agricultural injuries and poisoning with pesticides, explain hygiene requirements to the delivery, purification and storage of water in the field. A significant place should be occupied by anti-alcohol propaganda, an explanation of the dangers of smoking. Smoking is one of the most common types of addiction. The work of a paramedic in anti-alcohol propaganda should be based on a certain system, including legal, biomedical and moral aspects.

Depending on gender and age, topics can be selected for better perception by listeners.

Sample lecture plans

1. For men: the effect of alcohol on all organs and systems of the body; alcohol and trauma; alcohol and sexually transmitted diseases; alcohol and mortality; alcohol and work capacity; alcohol and family; alcohol and heredity; economic damage caused to the state by persons who abuse alcohol.

2. For women: the effect of alcohol on a woman's body; the effect of alcohol on pregnancy; alcohol and children; the role of women in strengthening the family and overcoming drunkenness of men.

3. For teenagers: anatomical and physiological features of the teenager's body; the effect of alcohol on the body of a teenager; the effect of alcohol on a teenager's abilities; the effect of alcohol on offspring; alcohol and disorderly conduct; how to maintain mental health.

A large section of preventive work to promote a healthy lifestyle should be highlighted in pediatrics. Hygienic education and upbringing begins from early childhood, with antenatal protection of future offspring.

Education of a healthy lifestyle and prevention of various diseases should be carried out with pregnant women at prenatal care and group sessions in the form of individual conversations (for example, in the "School of Pregnant Women"). It is desirable to conduct conversations about the hygiene of a pregnant woman and the peculiarities of the newborn period ™ not only among women themselves, but also among their family members, especially husbands in the “School of Young Fathers”.

The need for extensive preventive measures in relation to the child population and youth, including primarily educational and sanitary-educational measures, is also increasing due to the fact that at this age basic behavioral attitudes, attitudes, skills, habits, etc. are formed, i.e. everything that further determines the way of life of a person. During this period, it is possible to prevent the occurrence bad habits, emotional incontinence, passive rest and poor nutrition, which in the future can become a risk factor for many diseases. It is relatively easy for children to cultivate the habit of physical activity, physical education and sports, a varied and moderate diet, and a rational regimen.

Sanitary and educational work at the FAP should be carried out according to a predetermined plan. Drawing up a plan for sanitary and educational work is carried out for the entire current year and for a month. The annual plan provides for the main tasks for protecting health and promoting a healthy lifestyle, and for each month they make up specific plan with the names of topics and methods of their coverage. At the end of the month and at the end of the reporting year, the medical worker is obliged to report on the sanitary and educational work done.

Hygienic education of the population and promotion of a healthy lifestyle should contribute to early seeking medical care, improving obstetric care, reducing infant mortality, morbidity with temporary disability and injuries, timely hospitalization of patients, attracting the population to preventive examinations, increasing the level of sanitary culture of the population, improving conditions their work and life, the activation of the creative initiative of people in matters of preserving and strengthening health, increasing efficiency and creative longevity.