The service sector as a type of activity of the organization. Entrepreneurial activity in the service sector

SERVICES SECTOR

SERVICES SECTOR

(service industry) A sector of the economy that provides services. They can be addressed to the individual consumer. Such services include, for example, medical or entertainment services. Architectural, computer, engineering or legal services are provided in the business sector. Some services, such as restaurants, are a combination of necessary goods and services. The service sector as a whole is a constantly growing sector of the economy in developed countries.

Economy. Dictionary. - M.: "INFRA-M", Publishing house "Ves Mir". J. Black. General editorial staff: Doctor of Economics Osadchaya I.M.. 2000 .

SERVICES SECTOR

a set of sectors of the economy that provide services to the population. It is customary to include culture, education, health care, consumer services, passenger transport and communications, recreational services, and public catering in the service sector.

Raizberg B.A., Lozovsky L.Sh., Starodubtseva E.B.. Modern economic dictionary. - 2nd ed., corrected. Moscow: INFRA-M. 479 p.. 1999 .

Economic dictionary. 2000 .

See what "SERVICE SPHERE" is in other dictionaries:

The service industry is the part of the economy that includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services; a consolidated generalizing category that includes the reproduction of various types of services provided by enterprises, organizations, as well as ... ... Wikipedia

A branch of the economy that provides various kinds of services to individuals and legal entities. Typically, the service sector includes culture, education, health care, and consumer services. In English: Service sector Synonyms: Sphere ... ... Financial vocabulary

SERVICES SECTOR- the sphere of the economy where goods are produced, the beneficial effect of which is manifested in the very process of their creation. The production of economic (limited) goods is divided into two spheres: material production and S.u. In the first area, consumption ... ... Legal Encyclopedia

services sector- A sector of the economy that is engaged in meeting the needs of the population in various kinds of services. Syn.: service industries… Geography Dictionary

SPHERE, s, w. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

SERVICES SECTOR- industry system National economy, products, the use value of which is expressed in the provision of amenities. In S.u. labor does not materialize in things. The process of production of services, as a rule, coincides with their consumption. Distinguish: S.u. ... ... Big Economic Dictionary

SERVICES SECTOR- a set of sectors of the economy that provide services to the population; it is customary to include culture, education, health care, consumer services in the service sector ... Professional education. Dictionary

SERVICES SECTOR- (service indu trie) branches of the economy of the country, specializing in the provision of commercial, professional and consumer services. As material production develops and labor productivity increases, society develops ... ... Foreign economic explanatory dictionary

SERVICES SECTOR- - the provision of tangible and intangible services by various sectors of the national economy ... Concise Dictionary economist

services sector- a set of sectors of the economy that provide services to the population. It is customary to include culture, education, health care, consumer services in the service sector ... Dictionary of economic terms

Books

• Services sector economy management marketing Practicum Textbook, Burmenko T. (ed.). The workshop logically continues tutorial in three parts: "Service sector: economics", "Service sector: management", "Service sector: marketing" . It includes a variety of tasks (tests, ...
• Service sector: economics, management, marketing (CDpc) , Burmenko T., Danilenko Nina Nikolaevna, Turenko T. A. Section 1. ECONOMY. Topic 1. Civilization process and structural evolution of social production. Topic 2. Information factor in the development of human society. Topic 3. Service sector in ...

And agriculture.

The service sector is often referred to as a post-industrial economic structure. It is the service sector that, in economically developed countries, makes up the bulk of the economy in terms of the number of employees (more than 60%).

The scope of services includes:

• Information services (IT consulting, etc.)
• Domestic services
• Legal services

Service workers who directly serve customers are referred to as service personnel.

Story

see also: QoS (quality of service; in computer networks)

see also

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

• Paksas, Rolandas
• Agriculture

See what the "Service Sector" is in other dictionaries:

Services sector- an area of ​​the economy engaged in the provision of various kinds of services to individuals and legal entities. Typically, the service sector includes culture, education, health care, and consumer services. In English: Service sector Synonyms: Sphere ... ... Financial vocabulary

SERVICES SECTOR- the sphere of the economy where goods are produced, the beneficial effect of which is manifested in the very process of their creation. The production of economic (limited) goods is divided into two spheres - the sphere of material production and S.u. In the first area, consumption ... ... Legal Encyclopedia

SERVICES SECTOR- (service industry) The sector of the economy that provides services. They can be addressed to the individual consumer. Such services include, for example, medical or entertainment services. Architectural design services, computer … Economic dictionary

services sector- A sector of the economy that is engaged in meeting the needs of the population in various kinds of services. Syn.: service industries… Geography Dictionary

Services sector- SPHERE, s, f. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

SERVICES SECTOR- a system of branches of the national economy, products, the use value of which is expressed in the provision of amenities. In S.u. labor does not materialize in things. The process of production of services, as a rule, coincides with their consumption. Distinguish: S.u. ... ... Big Economic Dictionary

SERVICES SECTOR- a set of sectors of the economy that provide services to the population; it is customary to include culture, education, health care, consumer services in the service sector ... Professional education. Dictionary

SERVICES SECTOR- (service indu trie) branches of the economy of the country, specializing in the provision of commercial, professional and consumer services. As material production develops and labor productivity increases, society develops ... ... Foreign economic explanatory dictionary

SERVICES SECTOR- - the provision of tangible and intangible services by various sectors of the national economy ... Economist's Concise Dictionary

services sector- a set of sectors of the economy that provide services to the population. It is customary to include culture, education, health care, consumer services in the service sector ... Dictionary of economic terms

Books

• Services sector economy management marketing Practicum Textbook, Burmenko T. (ed.). The workshop logically continues the tutorial in three parts: "Service sector: economics", "Service sector: management", "Service sector: marketing" . It includes a variety of tasks (tests, ...

Services include almost all types of useful activities that do not create material assets. The main criterion in this case is the intangible nature of the product that is produced in the process of its provision. Therefore, the service is useful not as a thing, but as an activity. Its consumption, as a rule, occurs simultaneously with the process of its creation, that is, with activity.

In practice, the service sector is a combination of many types of activities, resulting in a wide variety of types of services. Often, a service may be accompanied by a product (audit report, computer program, film, etc.).

The essential characteristic of a service is its economic value, which makes it an object commercial activities and trade item.

The service as an object of commercial activity is characterized by the following features:

1) Unlike goods consumer goods services are produced and consumed mostly at the same time and are not subject to storage;

2) trade in services is interconnected with trade in consumer goods and affects it;

3) the service market is more protected from foreign competition than the commodity market, consumer goods market, etc.;

4) not all services, unlike other objects of commercial activity, are suitable for wide involvement in international economic circulation.

In the aggregate of services, there are material(services for which labor is expended, the consequence of which is the creation of certain material goods) and intangible. Characteristic features of intangible services are intangibility (non-material nature, inseparability of production and consumption, heterogeneity (variability), inability to store.

Intangibility(The intangible nature of services means that they cannot be displayed, seen, tasted, transported, stored, packaged or examined until received.

Service classification is carried out according to the following criteria:

1) the place of service in social production:

Services aimed at productive consumption ( transportation cargo, engineering, etc.);

Services aimed at personal consumption (tourism, hotel services, etc.);

2) role in society and in the infrastructure of the economy:

Services that satisfy the consumer needs of the population (household services, healthcare services, etc.);

Services that are of an infrastructural nature (financial, trade and intermediary services, franchising, etc.);

3) repeatability of services:

Individual services (individual tailoring of shoes, clothes, etc.);

Mass services (services Catering, communications, etc.);

4) material consumption of services:

Material services, which are mainly of a material nature (engineering and technical, housing and communal services, etc.);

Non-material services, which are characterized by the performance of intellectual actions (information and consulting services, education services, etc.);

5) the nature of labor costs:

They require the work of highly qualified specialists (expert services, science services, etc.);

Do not need the labor of highly qualified specialists (laundry services, dry cleaning, painting, etc.);

6) the complexity of the provision of services:

Complex, i.e. a set of groups of services (trade, household services, etc.);

Basic, that is, specific types of services (dental services, ticket sales, etc.);

Accompanying, which complement the set of basic services (delivery of goods to the specified address of the buyer in the process retail and so on.);

Auxiliary, which contribute to the service performance of the main and related services (tasting food products in the store, etc.);

7) connection with the production process:

Services that are a continuation of the production process (repair and construction of housing, repair and Maintenance Vehicle etc);

Services that ensure the normal functioning of the production process and the sale of products (forwarding, trade, insurance services, etc.);

Services not related to the production process (services in the field of culture, spa services, etc.);

8) purpose of services:

Production services (leasing, engineering, equipment maintenance, etc.);

Distribution services (trading, transport, communication services, etc.);

Professional services (banking, financial, insurance services, consulting, etc.);

Consumer or mass services (services related to household, leisure, etc.);

Public services (television, radio, education, culture, etc.);

9) social status of the clientele:

Services addressed to vulnerable segments of the population (pre-school education services, rental points, etc.);

Services aimed at the working population (domestic, socio-cultural, etc.);

Elite types of services (gambling business services, exotic and entertaining international tourism, etc.);

10) the level of commercialization of services:

Paid services;

Free services;

11) frequency of provision:

Periodic services (tourist, health, etc.);

Permanent services (water - electricity, etc.).

There is a wide variety of service activities. The systematization of services is carried out depending on their specific features and organization of trade in them in a specific area of ​​consumption, highlighting the appropriate groups according to certain criteria (Table 2.11). In turn, the types of services are divided into varieties.

Table 2.11 - Systematization of services)

Engineering(English engineering, from engineer - to design, build) - the provision of industrial, commercial, scientific, technical and other services by specialized engineering consulting firms, industrial, construction and other companies. It is implemented as a set of intellectual activities related to the implementation of projects for various purposes through the most rational selection and efficient use of material, labor, technological and financial resources, organization and management, advanced scientific and technological achievements and taking into account the specific conditions and factors of project implementation.

Accounting(English accounting - accounting, reporting) - collection, processing, analysis, classification and execution of various documentation in the field of finance.

Transport services for the carriage of goods- services related to transportation finished products, raw materials and semi-finished products from places of production to points of consumption or further processing. They are provided by both direct manufacturers of products and specialized firms.

Trade and intermediary services- commercial, representative activities of individuals and legal entities for the implementation of individual stages of trade turnover on a contractual basis. They cover all transactions of purchase and sale of raw materials, equipment, real estate, goods and services, valuable papers, as well as operations related to the organization of the promotion of goods on the market.

Licensing Services- services for granting the right to use an invention or other technical achievement on the basis of a license agreement.

Financial services- services that provide financial institutions regarding replenishment working capital, providing investment and other programs of subjects of economic, commercial and other activities. They are of an infrastructural nature, related to ensuring the normal course of technological, trading operations at enterprises through the financing and investment of deposits, the provision of banking services for settlement operations (factoring, leasing, etc.).

Consulting(English consulting, from consult - consult, consult) - activity specialized companies for the provision of intellectual, information services to market entities (manufacturers, sellers, buyers) from a variety of production, organizational, legal, marketing, financial and other issues.

Domestic services- type of activity of business entities to meet the specific household needs of an individual customer.

Social and cultural services- services aimed at satisfying social problems population. They concern the sphere of healthcare, education, science, cultural (tourism, art) and other needs.

Housing and communal services- activities related to the provision of sanitary and hygienic, energy, transport and communal, hotel (other places of short-term residence) needs of the population.

Passenger transport services- services for moving passengers (luggage) in space and time for industrial or private purposes.

Communication services- activities related to the establishment and operation telephone communication, radio points, street loudspeakers, maintenance of wired broadcasting networks, leasing of paths, channels, communication lines and subscriber devices.

Trading Services- different kinds useful actions, additionally provide trade enterprises customers in the process of buying or consuming goods. These services have consumer value, which can be expressed in tangible and intangible forms. Most trade services are provided through direct contact with the consumer.

In the first half of 2011, the volume of non-financial services sold in Ukraine amounted to UAH 116.1 billion, which is higher than the level of the first half of 2010. by 18.1% (in comparable prices), of which UAH 86.4 billion or 74.4% is the volume of sales of services for enterprises, organizations, institutions and other consumers (the rest - for the population) (Figure 2.10).

Individuals are active in the service market - business entities (table 2.12). Imi in the first half of 2011. services were sold to various consumer groups for UAH 20.1 billion, which accounted for 14.8% of the total volume of services sold.

Figure 2.9 -

Table 2.12 - The structure of the volume of services sold by individuals - business entities

The largest share accounted for the implementation of transport services, the second largest share was the share of services for the implementation of real estate transactions.

Consider the content and features of some types of services.

Management consulting - professional activity that consists in providing independent and objective advice and technical assistance qualified specialists firms, organizations, individual entrepreneurs (hereinafter referred to as clients) in order to assist the latter in determining and researching managerial problems, search for their optimal solutions, methodology for implementing recommendations.

Management consulting allows:

Identify and analyze management challenges and opportunities;

Offer alternative solutions to these problems;

Main task management consulting is to assist clients in solving their managerial and business problems, optimizing their business, improving the efficiency of the organization.

The list of consulting products is formed under the influence of the needs of clients and may include: market research and analysis, strategy development, preparation and examination of investment projects, marketing, finance, production, personnel management, implementation and maintenance of software products,

The requirements for management consultants are: general erudition and competence, independence, confidentiality.

Potential consumers consulting services any organization faces managerial problems. These include private companies, banks, government agencies, professional associations, investment funds, etc.

A consulting firm is an enterprise that is engaged in professional consulting, namely, it provides consulting services to clients (manufacturers, sellers and consumers) with the help of specially trained persons of appropriate qualifications who are able to determine, analyze and develop a model for solving any managerial problem. The main suppliers of the consulting product in Ukraine are: foreign consulting firms and their representative offices; domestic consulting firms that specialize in providing services on the privatization of enterprises, including property valuation, preparation of documentary support for the privatization process, etc.; specialized consulting firms providing consulting services in certain areas of management consulting (business planning, financial assessment, marketing, tax planning, customs regulation, etc.). The advantages of domestic consultants undoubtedly include their knowledge of the underlying causes (related to the mentality, its; national characteristics) of existing management problems and taking into account their optimal solution, as well as the ability to adapt modern methods management to the characteristics of domestic enterprises.

Audit activity the activity of citizens and organizations, the subject of which is the implementation of an audit, organizational and methodological support of the audit and the provision of other audit services, is recognized.

An audit is a review of a public financial statements, accounting, primary documents and other information regarding the financial and economic activities of business entities in order to determine the reliability of their reporting, accounting, its completeness and compliance with the law and established standards.

The audit is carried out by independent persons (auditors), audit organizations that are authorized by business entities to conduct it.

State financial audit is a kind of state financial control and consists in checking and analyzing the actual state of affairs regarding the legal and effective use of state or communal funds and property, other state assets, the correctness of accounting and reliability financial reporting, system operation internal control. The state financial audit is carried out by the Accounts Chamber and the bodies of the state control and audit service.

Audit and state financial audit can be carried out at the initiative of business entities, as well as in cases provided for by law (mandatory audit).

The auditor may be individual who has a certificate that determines his qualification suitability to engage in auditing activities on the territory of Ukraine. The auditor has the right to form a union with other auditors. The conditions and procedure for the implementation of audit activities, the rights and obligations of auditors and audit organizations are determined by law, other regulatory legal acts.

Socio-cultural sphere covers a set of industries of enterprises that produce and sell goods and services necessary to meet the socio-cultural needs of a person (Fig. 2.10).

Figure 2.10 -

Tourism- temporary departure of a person from the place of permanent residence for recreational, educational or professional business purposes without engaging in paid activities. Tourism is one of the highly profitable forms international trade services, and in many states - one of the main sources of cash receipts, factors of employment.

Tourist services- services of subjects of tourism activities regarding accommodation, food, transport, information and advertising services, as well as services of cultural institutions, sports, life, entertainment, aimed at meeting the needs of tourists (Fig. 2.11).

Figure 2.11 -

The main tourist services are regulated by a contract for tourist services and a voucher. Additional and related services help to increase after-sales service tourists. The tourist can be provided clearly certain types services of his choice, or their full range.

A full range of services is provided by the so-called sale method. inclusive tours (French inclusif - including) or package tours (English package - package, complex). In Western European countries, the term "inclusive tour" is more common, in the USA - "package tour". their structure varies greatly depending on the country, the composition of tourists, their purchasing power, the nature, range and quality of services provided.

Inclusive tours are mainly used for air transportation of tourists to and from their destination, the cost of which is determined on the basis of specially developed inclusive tariffs, which are sometimes lower than usual. They also include the cost of accommodation of tourists in a hotel, meals (full or partial) and other services provided for a certain number of days the tourists stay at their destination. The client is informed of the lump-sum (total) price of the inclusive tour without decryption certain types services. A package tour (complex tour) provides for the provision of all necessary services to the client, but it may not include fare. Mostly a package tour is organized according to a specific, pre-advertised program.

The service is the result of direct interaction between two subjects: the customer (consumer) and the contractor. It also recognizes the result of the latter's own activities, aimed at meeting certain needs. In Russia, there are several options for classifying useful activities. Consider further what types of services exist today.

General classification

Human activity is embodied in specific goods or exists as a beneficial effect of his work. According to these criteria, tangible and intangible types of services are distinguished. For example, a tailor sews clothes. The transformation of material into one or another object acts as a service to this person. His activity, therefore, is material, since it is embodied in a specific product - clothing.

One of key features services that exist today, is considered a beneficial effect for the consumer. At the same time, both living labor and work embodied in a specific product have such an effect. This, in fact, determines the fundamental purpose of the entire service sector. It, in particular, consists in the formation of comfortable conditions for people during recreation, in transport, in a public or other place. The useful effect of the activity is a set of properties of the service, which are aimed directly at satisfying certain human needs.

Economic types

IN modern conditions There are non-market and market types of services. The latter are available for a fee. Prices for such activities are set so that the contractor can not only cover the costs incurred, but also receive income. Market types of services are thus equated with products and act as the object of the transaction. Non-market activities are carried out free of charge. Usually, they are socially oriented. Their financing is carried out at the expense of the budget or funds of public organizations (trade unions, parties and others). Consumers of such services are either households or society as a whole.

Important point

It should be noted that almost all existing species services can be provided both for a fee (in whole or in part), and free of charge. As an exception, the activities of government bodies (including law enforcement and defense institutions), charities and churches. The services of these entities are always provided free of charge. Today, in accordance with the recommendation of the UN Statistical Commission, any activity that is offered at an economically significant cost is recognized as paid.

Market types

In modern economic system great attention is given to statistical analysis and forecasting. For the most successful implementation of this activity, it is necessary to carry out the correct segmentation of the market. When solving this problem, it is advisable to apply the following classification of paid useful activities of people:

Purchasing power

The most important factor to be taken into account in the process of studying paid useful activity in Russia is the distribution of the population according to the average per capita income. From its size (for other equal conditions) directly depends on the volume and structure of expenditures on paid services. According to statistics, low-income citizens refuse from groups 5, 6 and 7. Moreover, due to the lack of necessary funds, they cannot allow the full use of proposals in categories 1-4. Thus, not being able to pay for utilities, for example, the population accumulates debts.

Features of market segmentation

In theory, every citizen of the country has the opportunity to purchase any service from the first to the seventh group. In this regard, the entire population of the country can be considered as a set of customers that are subject to segmentation. But this procedure cannot be carried out for the entire market as a whole. It should be carried out for each group separately. In this case, the size of the segments in one case or another will be different. For example, in the housing market there is no real estate that belongs to the owners. Therefore, segmentation is carried out among users of rented space, for which citizens pay rent, and rented premises. The market for paid housing maintenance must be distinguished from the sector of own real estate, where the sale and purchase takes place. The latter functions according to other laws of commodity circulation.

Paid transport services does not apply to certain categories of citizens. These include, in particular, those who have the right to travel free of charge (disabled people, pensioners, police officers, and others). The international tourism sector attracts predominantly people from high income. Its part is less than 10% of the total number of citizens of the country.

Significance and mass character

The most important today are:

1. Domestic services.
2. Passenger Transportation.
3. Connection.
4. Maintenance of children in preschool and school institutions.
5. Medical services.
6. Improvement and sanatorium-resort treatment.
7. Sport and physical culture.
8. Legal services.
9. Financial service.
10. Tourist and excursion sphere.
11. Scientific area.

In the above list, services are arranged in descending order of priority for the population. This indicates that the first two groups are less elastic to the size of the purchasing power of citizens.

household sphere

In each group, consumers are offered a certain assortment. Household services include:

• Individual tailoring and repair of clothes and footwear.
• Funeral services.
• Repair household appliances, radio electronic equipment.
• Knitting and sewing knitwear.
• Manufacture and repair of jewelry and others.

Description

For each group, a certain characteristic is provided, according to which the consumer evaluates its significance:

1. The housing and communal services sector involves the provision of services for the repair of equipment and residential premises, the allocation of hired and leased space. The same category includes the cost of gas, electricity, heating, sewerage, water and other things.
2. Housing services. They include the direct receipt of rented space, for which citizens deduct rent.
3. Communal sphere. It involves the supply of gas, electricity, heat, telephone, water, sanitation and so on.
4. The household sector includes a fairly wide range of activities - from the repair and tailoring of shoes and clothing to photo studios and rental shops.
5. Passenger traffic involves the use of urban, intercity, international transport to move the population and luggage. They also include related activities of certain institutions: the sale of tickets at the box office, rest rooms at train stations, and so on.
6. The provision of cultural services is carried out by theaters, cinemas, libraries, philharmonic societies, clubs and so on.
7. Preschool institutions include nurseries, orphanages, and kindergartens.
8. Paid educational and medical services involve the operation of private clinics and educational institutions, tutoring, etc.
9. The tourism and excursion sphere offers the reception and support of foreign and Russian tourists, including the preparation of the necessary documentation, accommodation, meals, business and entertainment programs.
10. Financial institutions carry out both free and paid useful activities. The first includes opening and maintaining an account, deposits, the second - currency exchange, storing valuables, renting safes, etc.
11. Legal services are provided by security firms, notaries, lawyers and others.

Market stability

The scope of some services, for example, household, depends on the level of priority of certain types of them. Market stability is noted among technically complex activities that are almost impossible to carry out at home (repair of a bus, bulky equipment, etc.). The market for services that can be provided at home is subject to great fluctuations. These include, for example, shoe and clothing repair, hairdressers, laundries.

Intangible activity

It acts as a special object of statistical research. When calculating the category of paid intangible activities, the following services are included:

• Household character.
• Transport and communications.
• Preschool institutions.
• Sports and physical culture associations.
• legal companies.
• Insurance, financial firms, etc.

On currently in the Russian Federation, the Classification of Services, approved on January 1, 1994, is in force.

public services

They are included in separate category. This activity is carried out at the request of the applicants within the powers established by regulations RF and subjects for the relevant structures. public services provide:

1. Russian Government.
2. off-budget fund.
3. Executive structures of the regions of the Russian Federation.

This activity is carried out in accordance with the functions that are defined for these entities in the Constitution of the country, federal and regional laws.

1.7 billion people on Earth work in the service sector

Irina Milovanova

Canine Center "Elite"

Despite all the pluses, business in the service sector is far from the easiest.

Of course, working in services is somewhat easier than in the same production: no technological requirements, a minimum of approvals from regulatory authorities. But if you thought that the entrance to the service sector is available to everyone, we have to disappoint you: this is far from the case. In order to provide a quality service, you need to make no less effort than in any other area.

The main difficulty in this matter lies in the fact that the influence of the human factor is very strong in the service sector. Let's face it: if you are a mediocre specialist, or do not know how to politely communicate with clients, while providing services on your own, your business will not last long. It will be no less difficult if you hire third-party specialists. It is often difficult to select them, and it is not easy to monitor how they perform their duties.

Another disadvantage of working in services is a lot of competition. Where there is good demand and it is relatively easy to start a business, you run the risk of running into a lot of equally resourceful start-up entrepreneurs. Therefore, in services, as nowhere else, it is important to find your niche and create a unique selling proposition. Don't be afraid to experiment and do things that no one else is doing yet. But do not forget about the sense of proportion: services must remain in demand, and not scare away consumers with their insanity.

And, of course, in connection with great competition In the service sector, it can be quite difficult to “unwind”. This means that it can take many years to earn a name for yourself and charge above the market average. But you have to start small: in the most competitive industries service newcomers are often forced to work for little pay, hoping for good recommendations and the work of "word of mouth".

Services in Russia: what can the market expect?

But still, not in all types of services, entrepreneurs are faced with a decrease in demand. For example, pawnshops and microloans only benefited from the crisis.

Things have improved for most services that ultimately help save money. For example, companies operating in the personnel outsourcing market feel great: it is cheaper for a business to hire an outside person to perform irregular work, rather than keep someone on the staff, constantly paying him a salary.

Real growth is also experienced by the business of helping credit debtors.

All these changes are somehow connected with the worsening economic situation. At the same time, the inhabitants of Russia do not expect that the economic situation will change soon, and are set to save money. According to the Romir research holding, 11% of Russians intend to save on various expensive services, including those related to treatment or education.

Although the participants in the education market themselves do not notice a significant decline in demand. For example, a network of foreign schools London language Express noted that the number of students studying has decreased only slightly, and in the future demand will not sag much: there are more students who intend to get a job abroad or improve their skills in order to look better in the labor market.

But the data presented by the National Agency for Financial Research shows that 48% of Russians save on vacations and vacations, 18% - on transport.

From these figures, we can conclude that in the near future the demand for services in the field of tourism, car maintenance, as well as for expensive and unnecessary services will not grow. Therefore, it is necessary to open a business, one way or another connected with these types of activities, after weighing all possible risks. Or perhaps you should completely abandon this idea and look around in search of new, more sought-after areas in the service sector.

Dmitry Zasukhin

Laboratory legal marketing

For all its peculiarities, the service business is now very popular. By opening it, we begin to actively earn on our professional knowledge and skills. All this brings, in addition to income, the true joy of work.

In my opinion, narrow specializations will be in demand in the near future. For example, lawyers who protect the rights of fathers, or food photographers. The narrower the specialization becomes, the easier it is for you to attract customers and find your niche.

Irina Milovanova

Canine Center "Elite"

I believe that small businesses need to work in at least three areas close to each other. Then market monitoring will allow developing what is in demand in this moment and maintain a stable income.

It is also worth looking at the services daily demand, which either did not suffer much from the crisis, or, on the contrary, experienced an increase. At the same time, it is best to work in the economy segment.