Often, it is a leasing product that becomes the only profitable solution for a small business in deciding whether to purchase a new one in order to develop its business or upgrade old equipment.
For some small business industries, this solution may be the main success in competition in this market segment.
What it is
Leasing is financial instrument, which actually recently became known in the Russian market. It should be noted that this is a cross between a loan and a lease.
The main persons in such relations are the lessor (a financial company providing services of this kind) and the lessee (legal entity or individual).
All work and relationships are built on contractual obligations. In fact, the lessor, for his own funds or with the involvement of an initial contribution paid by the lessee, buys from the manufacturer or supplier necessary equipment to his client and gives it to him for use.
At the same time, it distributes payments for a certain period, which is stipulated in the contract.
A distinctive feature of leasing, if we take the rental as a comparison, is the end result of such financial relations. At the end, the lessee becomes the full owner of the purchased equipment, but subject to the fulfillment of all obligations to the lessee.
If we take credit and leasing as a comparison, then the latter has more loyal conditions under which the client financial company have the option to choose convenient system payment (decreasing, quarterly or seasonal).
How to issue
Arrange leasing today on the territory Russian Federation Can:
- In banking structures that practice such a product in their work.
- Specialized financial institutions whose activities are aimed only at working with such programs. Many of them have well-established relationships with suppliers or they themselves have the necessary goods, for which they provide their leasing products.
- Directly with equipment suppliers who work on leasing terms and provide their product to small businesses.
Today, a lot of such organizations appear on the market, which indicates their competitive struggle. And this, in turn, affects the mitigation of conditions, therefore, before starting registration, it is recommended to study in detail the proposals of the entire market and choose the most optimal and acceptable option for yourself.
In order to arrange a lease, you must contact the selected organization. It provides you with which you need to fill out and indicate all the information required in it.
Often, such appeal documents also have a small questionnaire about the conditions for which the potential client. It is also important to prepare Required documents.
The application is processed by the lessor within a few days. This period may differ for each company. But in most cases, financial companies focus on reducing the time for consideration and making their decision. During this period, they study the activities and financial side of a potential client.
Where to buy equipment for small business on lease?
There are quite a lot of companies on the leasing market today that provide special programs for cooperation with small businesses. Many lessors today are subsidiaries fairly large banking organizations or giant joint-stock companies who have a large financial flow.
Among these organizations are:
- VTBLeasing;
- UralSib;
- NomosLeasing.
Consider some of the features and conditions for registering a leasing product, depending on who the lessor is:
Among all representatives of the financial market, you can also find companies that fight for each client and carry out registration as soon as possible, soften the conditions for both the client and the design.
Conditions
Equipment leasing for small businesses is issued under certain conditions, which each organization interprets in its own way, but at the same time relies on the average statistics for similar products in the Russian market.
The main criteria that are taken into account by small businesses when looking for partners, and its average indicators will be as follows:
- advance payment (10% of the amount of equipment);
- terms of granting the leasing contract (3 years);
- rise in price (about 4% per year).
In many ways, these data may vary depending on what kind of equipment is purchased and in what area it is used.
So, let's consider an example that clearly demonstrates changes in the main indicators of conditions depending on this factor:
Video: Lego brick machine
Required documents
In order to apply for a lease, you must fill out an application and submit a package of documents.
For a small business, this would be:
- a copy of the charter of the enterprise;
- registration certificates stating that the potential legal entity is officially registered and registered with the tax authorities;
- a copy of the order on the appointment of the head;
- his passport data (copy);
- financial statements for the last reporting period;
- bank statement on the movement of the account.
Requirements for the lessee
Often the basic requirements for a small business are the same as for any legal entity.
Consider them in the table:
To equipment
For equipment, the main requirement or, rather, the limitation put forward by leasing companies will be its cost. The table provides the average statistical amounts provided by financial institutions for the purchase of a product, depending on its purpose and scope of use.
That is, registration is carried out for equipment, the cost of which will not exceed the specified figure.:
If you take a good look at all the offers, you can find programs that offer financing for more expensive equipment, but be aware that some conditions may be more stringent, in particular payment terms.
Timing
On average, the period for which the possibility of leasing equipment for a small business is up to 7 years. This figure may be 5 years. Not issued for less than 12 months.
If the subject of leasing relations is quite expensive, then financial companies can increase the repayment period up to 10, and some - up to 12 years. But here in question on amounts above 25 million rubles, and the terms are negotiated directly individually, taking into account many factors in the activities of a small business.
Make a deal
The first and important step in concluding a leasing transaction is the preparation and signing of the contract.
It should be understood that the whole procedure, especially when it is carried out by financial organizations, consists of two contracts:
- between the supplier and the lessor;
- between the financial institution and the lessee.
But for a client of a financial company, the first part of the leasing relationship is not a key one, since he does not take documentary participation in it. The contract, which is concluded between the lessor and the lessee, is the main one for small businesses.
It indicates the subject of the transaction, all the nuances, obligations of both parties, possible force majeure circumstances and conditions for early termination. Here is an example.
The contract is important document, which should be carefully studied by the lessor before signing.
Advantages and disadvantages
Of course, leasing, like any financial transaction, has its positive and negative sides. But at the same time, it should be noted that there are much more pluses in such programs than minuses.
Consider the main positive aspects:
- the opportunity to take the necessary equipment for use with a minimum initial contribution;
- after fulfilling all the requirements of the contract, the equipment remains for use by the lessee as the owner;
- the ability to legally save on the payment of certain taxes;
- there is no need to search for collateral, since the object of leasing relations itself acts as collateral.
If we talk about the negative aspects, first of all, experts note the fact that when registering a lease, the object of such relations cannot be used as collateral in other financial transactions.
In addition, if a small business does not have the necessary amount to make an advance payment, then leasing becomes almost impossible.
Leasing today is a developing branch of financial relationships. Therefore, it is very important to familiarize yourself with the market for such services before drawing up a contract. In the fight for customers, many lessors offer very attractive products.
Hello! Today we will talk about equipment leasing. Sometimes it happens that expensive equipment is required. Not every entrepreneur can afford to immediately lay out a large amount for such a purchase. A possible solution could be the purchase of equipment on lease! How to purchase equipment on lease, what documents to draw up - this article will tell about this.
You can apply for leasing Europlan on favorable terms with state support!
Steps on the way to leasing equipment
Leasing— long-term lease of equipment or machinery with the possibility of subsequent redemption. There is an article in which we wrote, in simple words.
Equipment leasing opens up new horizons for the entrepreneur to develop business, to improve the quality of products or services provided, and, accordingly, to attract new customers. Today, there are many opportunities to purchase various equipment: industrial, commercial, warehouse, processing and much more on very favorable terms, as well as industrial and commercial premises and transport.
Without equipment, it is difficult to imagine any production, even a small one. The more modern technology has production, the greater the productivity of labor, the higher the quality of products, and the lower its cost.
So, you have decided to increase the possibilities of your business, and the question arose before you: how to lease equipment to a novice entrepreneur? Here are some tips that you will need when choosing a bank or leasing company.
Step 1. Looking for lessors. Get acquainted with information about the types of leasing in your city, about leasing companies and banks providing such a service. Check with managers whether leasing of the equipment you are interested in is possible and under what conditions. You can also find out from them a list of documents necessary for concluding an agreement;
Step 2. Studying their offers. Read all the offers in detail and choose the most suitable for you. Submit an application to the selected company, attach copies of all required documents to it. As a rule, it takes approximately 10 working days for the application to be processed. If the company approves your application, they invite you to sign the contract. It would be better if you first consult with an experienced lawyer who can explain all the clauses of the contract;
Step 3. We conclude an agreement. Then you must pay the advance stipulated in the contract. This payment can be from 10 to 30% of the total amount. In some cases, property insurance will be required. After the contract is signed, all the necessary copies of payment orders are provided to the company, you must deliver the purchased equipment.
Documents for registration of equipment for leasing
In order to purchase equipment on lease, you will have to submit for approval to the bank or leasing company the following documents:
- Copies of the certificate of state registration, as well as copies of the constituent documents of the organization;
- For individuals you will need a copy of the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, a certificate of tax code;
- Extract from the Rosreestr of entrepreneurs of legal entities and individuals;
- Income declarations for the previous five reporting periods;
- Bank statement on movement Money on all accounts for the previous 12 months;
- Some companies may require information about existing loans and debts on them.
Equipment leasing agreement - sample, types and parties
The lease agreement is bilateral and is concluded only in business purposes. For this agreement provided in written form.
Essential terms of the equipment leasing agreement- information that allows you to determine specifically what equipment is being transmitted ( equipment identification data: name, serial number, model, type, brand, etc.).
When concluding an agreement, on the one hand, Landlord - Lessor and, on the other hand, Tenant - Lessee.
landlord- a leasing company (lessor), or directly a bank that provides equipment to the tenant on lease.
Tenant- an individual or legal entity (lessee) who leases the object of leasing.
The Lessor acquires the equipment specified by the Lessee from the manufacturer or seller, which is then provided for use and possession under a leasing agreement. The tenant owns and uses the leased property.
Leasing can be of several types, depending on the participants in the transaction:
- Direct leasing. The owner of the equipment (manufacturer or supplier) leases the object himself. At the same time, the leasing company does not take part in the transaction No.
- Indirect leasing. The transfer of leasing property takes place with the participation of an intermediary. Such a deal is a classic and very common.
- Separate leasing. This type of leasing is often used to purchase very large objects (air, sea and rail transport, drilling rigs, etc.)
- Return lease. The owner of the equipment sells his property to a financial institution (bank) with the simultaneous execution of a long-term lease agreement for his former property.
Often the insurance company is also involved in the transaction. The participation of the insurer is optional, but it is better to insure everything possible risks(financial, transport, etc.).
- Download a sample equipment leasing agreement with all related attachments
How to choose a leasing company
The financial benefit of the entire transaction will depend on which company you choose. When choosing a leasing company, you should pay attention to the following points:
- Learn History financial organization in the financial and investment market;
- Pay attention to how many transactions the organization has conducted (closed and current transactions);
- Study the scale of the company (how many branches the company has, what is its staff and their qualifications);
- Pay close attention to the terms of the lease and compare them with the cost of other companies.
On financial market there are many organizations offering to buy equipment on lease for legal entities. Many of them are subsidiaries of large banks. These organizations offer many options. For example, VTB-24 Bank finances the leasing of production equipment of domestic and foreign production. On very favorable terms, it provides leasing of medical equipment, for example, ultrasound scanners, tomographs, etc.
Some financial institutions, for example, UralSib Bank, offer programs both with the condition of providing financial reporting organizations, with or without it. These two cases differ significantly in the amount of the minimum advance and the maximum amount of funding.
Transfer of ownership of leased equipment
The most common situations are when an entrepreneur rents equipment from a leasing company. In this case, the company acquires the object of leasing from the seller or supplier, and becomes the owner of the property.
By concluding a lease agreement, the entrepreneur does not acquire ownership of the property, but is only its tenant. Therefore, his rights regarding this equipment are limited.
After the expiration of the lease agreement, the entrepreneur has the opportunity to buy the equipment at the residual value. But that doesn't mean he has to do it. In some cases, when the lease period comes to an end, the entrepreneur returns the equipment to the leasing company. But as a rule, the entrepreneur still buys the equipment from the leasing company and from that moment becomes its full owner. All these nuances are specified in the contract. That is why it is important to carefully analyze all the clauses of the contract you conclude.
There are also options when the lessee can become the owner of the equipment earlier than the expiration date of the contract, but not earlier than one year from the date of receipt of the equipment for use, subject to full payment of all payments provided for in the contract.
How is the process of negotiating the terms of leasing
After the entrepreneur has submitted an application and all the necessary documents to the leasing company, the company considers the feasibility of the forthcoming transaction. If the company approves the application, a contract is drawn up.
And this is where a very important part of the transaction begins - the negotiation of the terms of the leasing agreement. It is very important to take into account the following in the contract:
- Prescribe a specific object of the contract (all equipment data according to the passport), as well as the timing of its delivery and acceptance;
- The amount of leasing payments under the agreement, as well as their frequency (that is, a payment schedule is being developed that will be valid throughout the entire agreement);
- Specify on whose balance sheet (entrepreneur or company) the equipment is credited;
- Will the tenant be given the opportunity to buy the equipment at the end of the contract;
- In the event of the transfer of the subject of the contract, at the end of its validity, into the ownership of the lessee, it is necessary to discuss the residual value for redemption and the method of payment;
- IN without fail specifies the duration of the contract;
- Service maintenance and maintenance of equipment;
- Prescribe whether it will be possible to terminate the transaction early, and indicate the reasons for this;
- Agree on penalties for the parties for non-compliance with the terms of the contract.
As a rule, the costs of transportation of leased property are paid by the lessee separately and are not included in the cost of the lease agreement.
If, under the terms of the contract, the entrepreneur buys out the leased equipment, then it is better not to include the purchase price in the amount of lease payments, because in this case it will not be taken into account when paying income taxes. It is best to issue this amount as a separate payment when transferring the property to the tenant.
Early termination of the lease agreement
The contract necessarily prescribes the obligations of the parties, the violation of which is an indisputable reason for terminating the agreement.
lessor has the right to terminate the contract unilaterally if:
- The lessee uses the subject of the contract for other purposes;
- During operation, the condition of the property deteriorated significantly;
- The lessee has delayed or failed to transfer payments at all more than twice;
- The lessee has ceased to exist.
Lessee has the right to terminate the contract if significant defects are found in the equipment, in which it is impossible to adequately use it.
Upon termination of the contract, the tenant pays the landlord:
- The unpaid remaining amount of payments under the agreement, plus penalties;
- If the contract provides for the purchase of property, then it will be necessary to pay the residual value of the equipment at the time of termination of the transaction;
- Forfeit.
The landlord pays the tenant only a penalty and advance payments (if it is specified in the contract).
Leasing equipment
When concluding a leasing transaction, the parties enter into a number of agreements ( mandatory And related). It is mandatory to sign contract of sale, which is between the lessor (company) and the supplier or manufacturer.
In accordance with this agreement, the supplier undertakes to sell and transfer the equipment to the lessor or lessee, depending on the terms of the contract. The leasing agreement must necessarily provide for who chooses the necessary equipment and its supplier (leasing company or entrepreneur).
The purchased equipment is transferred together with all supporting documents, accessories and accessories.
As related agreements, the following can be concluded: an agreement on raising funds, insurance, guarantees, guarantees, etc.
The moment of transfer of equipment to leasing is considered the moment of signing the acceptance certificate. The acceptance certificate can be signed between the lessee and the seller at the time of delivery of the equipment. From this very moment, all responsibility during the operation of the equipment or its installation / dismantling lies with the lessee. The acceptance certificate for equipment (after installation and installation) is signed simultaneously with the acceptance certificate.
The maintenance of the equipment and its repair, from the moment of transfer of the equipment, fall on the shoulders of the lessee.
Who carries out the installation and installation of equipment
Often, when buying equipment, its installation and commissioning are required. These services can be specified in the contract and included in the cost of leasing equipment and paid directly to the manufacturer or supplier, or provided as a separate service, and then you need to conclude an additional contract. This agreement can be concluded by the lessee or the leasing company.
When there is a transfer of equipment for leasing, which requires installation and adjustment, the question arises of depreciation. In this case, the equipment is transferred directly to the lessee, the act of acceptance and delivery and the act of transferring the equipment to leasing are signed.
- If the equipment is first put on the balance sheet of the lessor (leasing company), then depreciation starts after the first month, regardless of whether the equipment was put into operation.
- If the equipment was initially put on the balance sheet of the lessee, then the depreciation of equipment under leasing begins to accrue from the moment it is put into operation. All these conditions should be taken into account when drawing up a payment schedule and agreeing on the terms of the contract.
Advantages of a leasing deal over a loan deal
Before every novice entrepreneur, the question arises: to take equipment on lease or on credit? There are significant differences between these two financial options, and it is often much more profitable to issue a leasing agreement than to take out a loan.
- To purchase equipment on lease, much less documents are required than to apply for a loan, and this process is much simpler. Very often, the average and banks are reluctant to issue loans, especially in cases where there is no credit history. The leasing company may require from the entrepreneur only a business plan and a minimum number of documents;
- Objects acquired on lease can be immediately put into operation, while property tax will be deducted only from the moment it is received into ownership;
- As a rule, the term of a leasing agreement is much longer, and payments under it are much less than under a loan agreement;
- When making a leasing transaction, the equipment remains the property of the lessor, you only rent it, so no guarantees of repayment of the loan or any collateral are required;
- Depreciation of equipment in leasing is much faster, which allows you to significantly reduce the cost of the acquired property by the end of the leasing transaction;
- When concluding a leasing transaction, you will not need to withdraw a large amount from the organization's fund at a time, which may be needed for other needs. You pay a down payment and then make payments according to the schedule;
- Payments under a leasing agreement are included in the cost of production, as a result of which it is possible to reduce income tax deductions.
Of course, there are enough advantages of registering a leasing transaction over a credit one, however, there is one significant drawback. As a result, buying equipment on lease turns out to be a more expensive event for the organization than obtaining a loan. This is due to the long term of the transaction, and also because the leasing company is responsible for the wear and tear of the equipment and, in turn, requires some compensation for this.
An extremely common situation in the domestic economy is when an enterprise wants to purchase a new production equipment but does not have sufficient funds. At the same time, the possibility of obtaining a loan becomes more difficult if the purchased equipment significantly exceeds the amount of available own funds. In this case effective way solution to the problem will purchase of equipment on lease.
Now many manufacturers industrial equipment Faced with the problem of insufficient funds from enterprises to purchase it, in connection with which they began to actively offer it on lease. In essence, leasing is a form of long-term lease of equipment, in which the lessee has the opportunity to buy this equipment after the expiration of the lease term specified in the leasing agreement.
The acquisition of equipment under leasing is, first of all, a prompt solution to the problem of expanding and modernizing the production base, increasing labor productivity and improving product quality. Naturally, all these moments will ultimately have a positive impact on financial results activities of the enterprise - will lead to an increase in profits and an increase in the level of profitability.
The option of purchasing equipment on lease is very attractive for enterprises for a number of reasons.
Firstly, the cost of the purchased equipment is not limited by the amount of assets or own funds of the enterprise, since the equipment itself will act as a pledge and guarantee of repayment for a bank or leasing company. In this case, the foundation of success for the enterprise is the quality of the development of a business plan for the use of leasing equipment.
Secondly, the equipment acquired under leasing often remains on the balance sheet of the lessor, which in no way affects the structure of the assets and liabilities of the recipient's company and does not reduce its creditworthiness. In this case, the enterprise retains the ability to attract, say, short-term financing, for its operational needs.
The procedure for acquiring equipment on lease is implemented in several stages.
First of all, potential buyer contacts the equipment supplier and agrees on all commercial terms of the transaction. Then he turns to the leasing company (bank) and provides required package documents (on equipment, on the enterprise itself, financial and juristic documents). The bank or leasing company analyzes the feasibility of financing a particular transaction and, if a positive decision is made, sign a leasing agreement and related agreements, if necessary. Further, the buyer of the equipment makes an advance payment to the account of the lessor (may be 20-30% of the value of the leased asset), which, in turn, pays the cost of the equipment to the supplier (seller). After that, the transfer of equipment takes place in favor of the lessee, who, in turn, makes lease payments in favor of the bank or leasing company.
In this article, we will consider what leasing is, who needs it, how it is profitable to purchase equipment on credit, how to get it, how to choose a company and other important issues that a person who decides to modernize or update the production process faces.
One of the main issues in organizing and developing a business is the choice of a financial instrument that will allow, with minimal financial investments modernize production or upgrade production capacity. Often it is not possible to buy the necessary equipment for cash or on credit (and this does not make sense), so many entrepreneurs resort to the services of companies that offer equipment for leasing.
What is the advantage of leasing?
This is a convenient financial instrument for obtaining industrial lines on credit. An agreement is drawn up and signed between the lessee enterprise and the lessor, according to which the second participant provides the first with the necessary property under the terms of a long-term lease.
The advantages of such an operation are undeniable. Firstly, the teacher does not need to look for valuable property to provide as collateral. Secondly, they put forward such stringent conditions as in the case of obtaining a loan from a bank. Thirdly, the property does not belong to the enterprise, which allows saving on taxes. In addition, the enterprise as soon as possible receives the necessary equipment. It can be assumed that it will quickly pay off and begin to bring a stable profit.
When the agreement expires, the entrepreneur himself decides whether to buy this equipment for him or not. When an entrepreneur leases it, he automatically gets rid of the risk of buying low-quality goods and other deceptions.
Terms of Service
This transaction is somewhat reminiscent of a loan. Typically, the lessor requires the lessee to pay a certain amount (the amount reaches 30% of the total cost of equipment). Also, during the execution of the contract, an interest rate is determined, which is called the appreciation rate. Often the rate is several points higher than the banks set for large business loans, but this should not stop you. The term of the contracts is no more than 5 years, during which the lessee overpays for the lease of property about 2/3 of its original cost.
How to get equipment?
Let's take a look at the steps involved in making a deal.
1. Preparatory stage, on which:
– a potential lessee submits an application to the leasing company about the intention to purchase this or that equipment;
- the specialists of the structure analyze the financial documentation.
2. Carrying out legal registration of the transaction, namely:
– signing a leasing agreement between the company providing the equipment and the lessee;
– initial payment by the recipient of the approved payment;
– registration and signing of the purchase and sale agreement between the leasing company and the supplier;
– registration and signing of the insurance contract for the transaction between the insurer and the lessee;
– registration of purchased equipment in government bodies(if necessary);
– signing of all documents and transfer of the object of the transaction to the recipient.
3. Operation of technological devices, timely repayment of payments, the amount of which is agreed in the contract.
4. Transfer of the subject of leasing to the lessee (occurs after the payment of all payments specified in the agreement).
How to find a quality company?
The search for a suitable leasing company is carried out in the following ways:
- The first way is to find an organization specializing in certain form goods (implementation of similar transactions for two or more clients), but this is not always simple and effective, since there may be a situation when such transactions were exceptions to practice for a given company.
- The second way is to find flexible universal company, which has extensive experience in working with a wide range of equipment, which will prepare information about its versatility, liquidity, etc.
To understand whether the company will cope with the project you have prepared, evaluate its ability to secure financing. The main points are the size of the portfolio and the firm's affiliation to financial group. If the size of the project approaches 1% of the firm's portfolio and it positions itself as independent, there is a good chance that you will go through a lot of banks with it before raising the necessary funds. If you have found a leasing company, discuss whether they can finance the project, and also how they will do it.
If you want to purchase equipment from a foreign company, it is worth clarifying how many international deliveries were made by this company, how the work on import contracts is carried out, because otherwise there is a chance that you will not meet a certain budget.
Keep in mind that each case is individual. The key feature of determining the parameters and scheme of a particular contract is the peculiarity of the situation of a particular lessee.
