Medical examination when applying for a job: how it passes and is paid. Medical examination (medical examination) when applying for a job: features of passing and the need for such actions Which doctors undergo a medical examination

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Who is legally required to undergo a medical examination?

At the legislative level, a rule is defined. When applying for a job, a candidate must undergo a mandatory medical examination to determine his fitness to perform work in his position due to his physical condition.

On the basis of Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, when applying for a job, some candidates must undergo a medical examination without fail. This is necessary to identify the preparation of a person for work, as well as to identify restrictions on the performance of job duties.

The criteria for the physical condition of a person when applying for a job are all completely different. For example, a sales assistant in a store may well have poor eyesight. With such a pathology, he is fit for work. But if the driver’s vision suffers, then for medical reasons he may not be allowed to work.

Attention! Medical examination at the initial employment is carried out for the following citizens:

adult candidates for the position;
workers employed in a hazardous or unhealthy place;
workers employed on a rotational basis;
drivers;
judges;
specialists in the food industry, the sale of food products, servicing public catering establishments, the sale of food products;
employees of waterworks;
medical personnel, qualified doctors;
employees of preschool, school, secondary and higher education (teachers, educators, educators, technical staff).

Citizens from the above list undergo an initial medical examination. However, at the legislative level, a list of specialists is defined for whom a medical examination must be carried out twice a year or, conversely, once every two years.

List of doctors and tests

The list of doctors that a candidate for a position must pass is always different. It all depends on the specifics of the job that the person wants to get. At the intended place of work, the candidate is given a referral for examination, and the therapist determines the list of specialists that the person must visit.

During employment, the candidate passes the following doctors:

therapist. This is the main specialist from the list. It is to him that the candidate for the position comes first. The therapist determines which other doctors the citizen must visit to identify hidden diseases. In addition, the therapist will conduct an initial examination, which includes measuring height, weight, and blood pressure. He makes an analysis of vaccinations, if something is missing, he sends a person to affix them. And it is the therapist who issues the final conclusion;
ophthalmologist identifies vision problems. It is passed by all candidates for the position, regardless of the specifics of the work. However, the optometrist may prohibit the performance of certain job duties;
surgeon reveals the general physical health of the candidate for the position. It reveals previously acquired bone and brain injuries, which in the future may affect the quality of work performed. If injuries are not stopped, then this can lead to a deterioration in human health. In this case, the surgeon will not allow the candidate to work;
addiction psychiatrist reveals the general problems of a candidate for a position with a psycho-emotional state, as well as a person's addiction to alcoholic beverages and drugs. A psychiatrist-narcologist is one of the main specialists for examination during employment;
otorhinolaryngologist(ENT) reveals general hearing problems. It determines whether the candidate has defects in the nasal cavity and throat;
gynecologist only girls go. This is not surprising, because a gynecologist is a female doctor. The specialist conducts an initial examination of the woman, and also takes an analysis. Absolutely everyone is required to go through a gynecologist, otherwise you can forget about the proposed position, the therapist will not allow the candidate to work if there is no gynecologist in the list of doctors passed.

The therapist has the right to appoint other specialists for the passage, if there is an urgent need for this.

Important! In addition to visiting doctors, a candidate for a position must pass some tests:

general analysis of urine and blood;
blood chemistry;
smear for cytology.

If a candidate gets a job related to public catering, food sales, then he additionally passes the following tests:

analysis that detects diseases that are sexually transmitted;
a swab from the throat and nose;
research on Escherichia coli, as well as invasion.

A medical examination during employment includes not only an examination by doctors and testing, but also some research.

These include:

fluorography is necessary to determine the condition of the lungs, to exclude lung cancer, as well as tuberculosis;
An ECG is necessary to study the functioning of the heart;
analysis of the vestibular apparatus in the study of a candidate whose work will be related to height;
all candidates for the position, whose work is associated with shortness of breath, undergo spirography;
gastroscopy is provided for workers in the Far North.

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List of required documents

Upon employment, a candidate for a position undergoes a mandatory medical examination. As a result, he receives a medical opinion in the form of No. 086 / y or No. 001-GS / y. But employees who pass the inspection again do not need to receive this document.

As a result of the study, a citizen's medical book is filled out, which reflects the following information:

date of issue of the book;
the name of the owner of the book;
the name of the organization where the citizen undergoing the inspection works;
the name of the department where the employee performs labor duties;
a complete list of factors that affect the danger of work and create harmful working conditions;
the final result of the study based on the specialists passed by the citizen (it is issued by a general practitioner).

Please note! The medical book is certified by a seal and signed by the medical commission. After the inspection, an appropriate entry is made in the employee's personal card about the examination.

Period of medical examination

At the legislative level, the period of validity of the conclusion on passing a medical examination is determined. The document is valid for six months. For example, if a candidate, after passing the examination, did not manage to get the desired position, he has the right to use a certificate when finding employment in another place.

If for employment in another position it is necessary to undergo an extended medical examination, then it is enough for the candidate to pass the missing specialists. You do not need to spend personal funds on the passage of already passed doctors.

Please note that fluorography is valid for a whole year, and not for six months. Save the document on passing the examination, when you visit the doctors again, you can save on lung examination.

Where to get a medical examination

You can take an employment survey at any medical organization that provides such services. However, the clinic must have the necessary permission to carry out such activities.

As a rule, large companies enter into an agreement with medical centers, where their employees will be examined in the future.

However, the main disadvantage of medical centers is that their services are much more expensive than the services of similar public clinics.

As a rule, the employee does not choose the place of medical examination. This is due to the fact that when issuing a referral, the name of the organization is indicated in the document.

Watch the video. How to pass a medical examination for work:

What certificate should be issued

As a result of passing a medical examination, the therapist issues a medical opinion. However, this is not a simple certificate issued by a doctor. This is a document whose form is regulated at the legislative level.

It is allowed to issue a conclusion of two types:

086/y;
001GS/u.

Document 086/y

Conclusion on form 086 / y is a document printed on A5 paper and filled out on both sides.

Remember! This conclusion must include the following information:

name and number of paper;
the name of the clinic where the candidate was examined;
Full name of the candidate for the position, his date of birth, place of registration, residence, contact phone number;
a list of diseases that the candidate suffered for the position;
opinion of a specialist with a signature and date of issue of the conclusion;
information about the passage of instrumental research;
test results;
conclusion of the therapist on the suitability of the candidate for the position;
date of issue of the document.

The document is filled in form 086 / y exclusively in black or dark blue ink. The paper is signed by the chief doctor of the hospital, the therapist, and also the head of the medical commission.

The conclusion on the passage of a medical examination in the form 086 / y is drawn up in two copies. The first remains in the citizen's medical record, the second is sent to the employer.

Medical certificate 001GS/u

The conclusion in the form 001GS / y is practically no different from the previous document. It reflects information that the candidate for the position does not have diseases that prevent the employee from performing his labor duties.

However, the difference between this certificate is that in order to obtain it, you only need to go through a psychiatrist-narcologist, as well as pass primary tests.

Sign the conclusion in the form 001GS / y the chief physician, therapist, chairman of the medical commission.

Certificate validity period

The conclusion on the passage of a medical examination has a validity period.

Attention! At the legislative level, the following periods are provided, which directly depend on the form of the certificate:

1 year for the conclusion in the form 001-GS / y;
6 months for the conclusion in the form 086 / y.

Sometimes the document is canceled ahead of schedule. This happens if the employee, after passing the examination, was on sick leave for a long time. Then the employer has the right to send the employee for a re-examination.

Help can be used when applying for a job elsewhere. However, the employer has the right not to accept such a document, but to send the applicant for a re-examination. Most often this is due to the different specifics of the position.

Passing a medical examination during employment is a mandatory procedure. It helps to exclude the presence of diseases in the applicant that interfere with the performance of labor duties. In this way, employers insure themselves against employee injuries associated with the poor physical or psychological state of the employee.

Medical examination: cost

The applicant undergoes a medical examination in the organization where the employer sends, so the candidate for the position has no choice. He cannot choose the medical company that takes less money for passing the examination.

However, if the exact name of the clinic is not indicated in the direction from the employer, then you can undergo an examination at any medical center. an organization that provides such services and has the appropriate license.

In public hospitals, the cost of a medical examination varies from 2,000 to 5,000 rubles. It all depends on the specifics of the intended position. For example, when applying for a job at a catering company, you will need to pass additional tests, which increases the cost of the examination.

The applicant pays the commission himself. In rare cases, companies enter into an agreement with honey. organization and transfer funds to it for passing inspection by employees.

But in any case, after the presentation of the receipt, the money spent on obtaining a medical opinion is returned to the employee by the employer.

Who should pay

In accordance with applicable law, the medical examination is paid by the employer. This rule is enshrined in article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

As a rule, during the initial examination, the employee independently pays for the conclusion. But after his employment, the employer is obliged to compensate for all costs associated with the study.

Important! If passing an inspection during employment is not mandatory, and the applicant passed it on his own initiative, then the employer has the right not to compensate for the costs.

To compensate for the costs of passing the commission, the applicant must provide a medical opinion, as well as a receipt for payment for the examination.

If, at the legislative level, the employer is obliged to send the employee for examination, but he did not do this during employment, then the company will be liable in accordance with Article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses.

Can they get fired if they don't pass?

If the applicant does not pass the medical examination, the employer does not have the right to accept him for the position. In case of failure to pass the periodic commission, the employee may be dismissed if he has not provided a medical opinion within four months from the date of the obligation.

If during this time the employee is sick and unable to perform labor duties, he is transferred to another, easier position.

With a long-term illness, an employee may be fired for health reasons. If an employee, for health reasons, is transferred to another position, the salary of which is lower, then the employee is compensated for his previous earnings.

If a person is fired for health reasons, he is entitled to all compensation payments provided for by current Russian legislation.

Employee Responsibility

The applicant is not entitled to refuse to undergo a medical examination. Without a medical opinion, he simply will not be hired.

Please note! If an employee refuses to undergo a periodic examination, the employer has the right to dismiss him for health reasons. Other liability of the employee in case of his refusal to pass the commission is not provided.

Employer's responsibility

In case of enrollment in the staff of an employee who has not passed a medical examination, the employer will be liable. According to article 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, a fine of 15,000 - 25,000 rubles is provided for individual entrepreneurs. If the company has the status of a legal entity, then the amount of the fine increases to 130,000 rubles.

Also, the responsibility of the employer is provided in the event that he did not compensate the employee's expenses for passing the inspection. In this case, the employee must apply to the court.

For employment in some positions (cooks, teachers, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and many others), the applicant must pass a medical examination. It consists of taking tests and examination by several specialists - a therapist, surgeon, ophthalmologist and others. The service can be obtained in a public or private clinic: in the latter case, it will be much faster. The procedure for passing a medical examination and compensation for examination is described in detail in the following.

Legislative framework: who and at whose expense undergoes a medical examination when applying for a job

The current legislation obliges to undergo medical examination. Employment screening for the following positions:

Teachers, educators, teachers and all other employees working with children.
Doctors, nurses, other employees of hospitals, sanatoriums, health centers.
Employed in the field of catering or food production.
Employees who work in difficult or harmful, dangerous working conditions.
Professional athletes.
All minors applying for official employment.
All applicants planning to work on a rotational basis.
All applicants planning to work in the Far North.
Employed in works that are carried out underground.
Employees of law enforcement agencies, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB, border services, etc.
Judges of all levels.
Private security workers.
Drivers or employees whose activities are related to the movement of vehicles.
Laundry workers.

Expert opinion

Chadova Svetlana

Leading Human Resources Specialist, lawyer consultant on labor law, site expert

Local authorities can supplement this list with other positions. However, employers themselves do not have the right to expand the list of professions, i.e. a citizen is required to undergo a medical examination when applying for a job only in cases provided for by local or federal legislation.

The same article of the Labor Code states that any medical examination necessary for the performance of official duties is only at the expense of the employer. This refers not only to passing a medical examination when applying for a job, but also scheduled examinations, examinations before each shift, etc.

At the same time, the medical examination itself is included in the program of compulsory medical insurance, i.e. the state is guaranteed to pay:

examinations of all doctors (the list of specialists is presented below);
primary tests (blood, urine, feces, ECG and some others).

Also, in most cases, a free opinion from a psychiatrist and narcologist is also provided. But in some hospitals (especially in small towns), the employee has to visit specialized centers or go to a larger locality to receive documents from these specialists. In this case, the service will be provided for a fee, but subsequently the employer will have to compensate for all costs except for travel expenses (however, the company may reimburse them at its discretion).

There are 2 payment schemes:

The company enters into an agreement with a specific medical organization (meaning a private hospital), and the job seeker is examined free of charge.
Or, when applying for a job, the applicant himself undergoes a medical examination, collects documents confirming his expenses, and then receives compensation in cash or by transfer to a bank card, where the salary is also received. Specific terms for calculating compensation are not specified - usually this happens within a few months or six months from the date of employment. If during the first weeks / months it turns out that the employee cannot perform his duties for health reasons, he will be fired without compensation for passing the medical examination.

It is also important to understand that when conducting any examinations for already employed workers (scheduled, unscheduled medical commissions), the employer saves not only the workplace, but also the average earnings, i.e. actually recognizes this time as working.

On the other hand, there is no direct prohibition in the legislation to send an employee to the hospital on his day off. Practice shows that such cases are quite common, but it is still rather difficult to recognize them as unlawful.

Where is the medical examination

There are 2 options:

In the state (municipal) polyclinic at the place of residence or at the address of temporary registration.
In a private medical facility.

In the first case, the procedure almost never fits into 1 day - often examinations in city clinics have to be completed throughout the working week due to large queues and, in part, not quite convenient appointment schedules.

In the second case the procedure will take 3-4 hours(usually in the morning), but it is paid separately. At the same time, the cost of the examination is quite affordable - it depends on the number of specialists and on the region where the clinic is located: on average about 1500-3000 rubles.

The applicant has the right to choose any of the options, but it is important to consider 3 points:

If the company has entered into an agreement with a commercial clinic, then it is necessary to undergo an examination there. In this case, the applicant will go through the doctors in a few hours, and he will not have to pay anything.
If the company does not have such an agreement, but the future employee passed a medical examination in a private clinic when he was hired, he may have difficulty with compensation. The fact is that in itself a medical examination in a state hospital can be done free of charge, although with a significant waste of time.
Finally, if we are talking about passing an examination during employment in the civil or military service (employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Defense and many others), most often the medical examination takes place in special departmental hospitals, i.e. in fact, the employee has no choice. At the same time, along with the standard list of tests and doctors, you may need to go through other specialists. The same is true for athletes.

The procedure for passing a medical examination: a list of doctors and the validity period of the certificate

During the examination, it is necessary to go through all the doctors whose opinions are required to grant admission. At a minimum, the list of specialists looks like this:

Therapist (makes a final conclusion based on the conclusions of other doctors).
ENT (otorhinolaryngologist).
Ophthalmologist.
Psychiatrist.
Neurologist.
Surgeon.
Expert in narcology.

Women at any age also undergo a gynecologist, and over 40 years - a mammologist; also at this age you need to do a mammogram.

Among the required tests, it is necessary to pass the following:

blood;
urine;
fluorography.

Additionally, spirography, blood pressure measurement and other types of examinations may be needed - the full list depends on the age, profession, and individual condition of the person.

The procedure for passing the medical examination is as follows:

The applicant checks with the employer in which clinic he needs to undergo an examination. This is done only in cases where the company has entered into an agreement with a specific private hospital or when applying for a civil or military service (a medical examination is held in departmental hospitals).
Also, the future employee receives a referral for examination from the company. There is no single form for this document, so it can be drawn up in any form.
Then, together with this referral, as well as a passport and a compulsory medical insurance policy, a citizen comes to the hospital and gets an appointment with a therapist. If necessary, you need to take with you a personal medical book, which is purchased at your own expense (it costs about 300-500 rubles).
After that, he goes through all the specialists and takes tests according to the list specified by the therapist.
After passing the medical examination, the future employee receives an admission from the therapist, with whom he goes to the employer.

This document is valid for 6 months from the moment of its issuance. However, it is important to understand that if an employee quickly quit his job, and then gets a job in another place where a certificate is also required, he will be required to undergo a medical examination again.

If a person has recently taken any tests, it is not necessary for him to go back for an examination. It is enough to bring the relevant medical documents with you. However, the duration of many tests is short - for example, blood and urine tests are no more than 14 days.

Responsibility for failure to pass the medical examination

First of all, refusing to pass a medical examination will lead to the fact that the employer will not hire the employee, since the company does not want to take risks due to the lack of medical clearance. If the applicant forged the data or hid the fact of non-passing, but at the same time provided false (old) documents with a permit, he faces administrative responsibility and is practically guaranteed to be fired.

The conclusion on the passage of a preliminary medical examination when applying for a job costs about two thousand rubles. This amount includes payment for medical examinations, tests and additional hardware studies. Depending on the region, the price of a medical examination may vary slightly.

It is also important to know which doctors you need to go through and what additional information to provide for the study of occupational pathologists (members of the medical commission). The cheapest certificates are for office workers, and the most expensive are the opinions for job seekers applying for jobs with unhealthy and / or unsafe conditions.

What kind of doctors do you need to go through?

The list of specialists whose examination is necessary for drawing up a medical report is determined by the medical board of the hospital in compliance with the requirements of the order of the Ministry of Health No. 302-n dated April 12, 2011 “On conducting preliminary and periodic medical examinations”.

This order defines the types of industries and the list of professions for which only workers who meet working conditions for health reasons can be hired. To clarify such circumstances, a medical examination for professional suitability is carried out.

Sample for some professions:

Types of production	Inspection of specialists	Research
Catering		Fluorography, blood test (general and bakposev), analysis of secretions for the presence of pathogenic staphylococcus aureus
Educational institutions	Therapist, narcologist, psychiatrist, dermatovenereologist, dentist, ENT, infectious disease specialist	Fluorography, total AK and syphilis testing, gonorrhea and helminthiasis testing
Consumer services (beauty salons, hairdressers, saunas, etc.)	Therapist, narcologist, psychiatrist, dermatovenereologist, dentist, ENT, infectious disease specialist	Fluorography, screening for intestinal infections, a blood test for syphilis, and a swab for gonorrhea
Transport management	Therapist, narcologist, psychiatrist, neurologist, oculist, ENT, surgeon, dermatovenereologist, endocrinologist	Checking the vestibular apparatus, biomicroscopy of the eye, checking visual acuity, etc.

Important: women are required to undergo an examination by a gynecologist.

If during the medical examination a qualified opinion of other occupational pathologists is required, then the applicant is obliged to undergo examinations with them. The employer is required to issue a referral for a medical examination to the candidate for the position with a list of factors negatively affecting the body of an employee employed in this production.

Important: if the position for which you are applying is not included in the regulatory lists of jobs with unhealthy and / or unsafe working conditions, then the employer cannot insist that you undergo a medical examination when applying for a job. In this case, a medical examination is possible only at the request of the candidate. Moreover, if you do not want to pass it, then this circumstance cannot be a reason for refusing employment.

Medical fee for work

The total cost of the conclusion of the medical board depends on the amount of research carried out and on the tariffs for medical services in the healthcare institution that organizes the medical examination.

Estimated prices:

Services	Cost, rub.)
Examination by specialized doctors	200
Gynecologist	1000
Fluorography	200
Blood and urine test	300
smear examination	200
Analysis for helminthiasis	100
Test for syphilis	100
Total:	2 100

The approximate price for a medical report when entering the service in municipal / state institutions is about 1.5 thousand rubles. for men and about 2 thousand rubles. for women.

It will not work to reduce the cost of a medical examination certificate and save on individual services or tests by providing data from other doctors. The health care institution responsible for conducting professional examinations will not accept for consideration the data obtained in violation of the procedure for organizing a preliminary medical examination.

Important: The validity period of the conclusion of the medical board is 1 year.

If you have an opinion that has not expired and you are applying for a similar position again, you can present this document to the employer as proof of your suitability. The fact of having a ready certificate of a medical examination can be indicated in the resume.

This circumstance will not relieve the applicant from the need to undergo a preliminary examination again, but it will make your candidacy more attractive to fill a vacant position. would be an added plus. If it is sent as an attachment to an electronic message, then special attention should be paid to its compilation and design.

Who should pay for the medical examination?

In accordance with the requirements of Article.Article. 212, 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the full cost of the medical examination is paid by the employer who sent the applicant for a medical examination. The employee is not obliged to receive an appointment with specialists and pay for tests, and then demand reimbursement from the employer for his money. This procedure does not guarantee the protection of citizens' rights to employment.

If the employer did not create conditions for the candidates to pass the mandatory medical examination, then he violated the requirements of Art. 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. If at the same time he also refused employment on the grounds that the candidate did not want to pay for the medical examination on his own, then the employer also violated the constitutional right of a citizen of the Russian Federation to work.

For employment in a vacant position, the employer can only require:

identification;

work book and education documents;

Documents are submitted along with an application for admission to a permanent job or with. When hiring, the employer does not have the right to demand information that is not provided for by the laws of the Russian Federation, or to force the candidate to undergo unauthorized procedures, including compulsory medical examinations in cases not prescribed by law.

Summing up

Making a medical examination certificate when applying for a job is an expensive procedure. Applicants for positions with dangerous working conditions do not have the right to refuse it, but they have the opportunity to force the employer to pay for these services in full.

If you pay for the examinations of specialists and analyzes on your own, then it is highly likely that in the event of a negative conclusion of the commission, the employer will not reimburse the costs that you incurred.

During employment, not everyone thinks about how to pass a medical examination when applying for a job. In some enterprises, a preliminary inspection by specialists is not a necessary requirement.

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Other employers inform the person about this after he has passed the preliminary interview.

What you need to know

Medical examinations are of several types:

Preliminary	Helps determine whether an employee's health will allow them to work. If the result is negative, the candidate is denied employment. Even after signing, the employer is obliged to familiarize himself with the conclusion of specialists. Only then the employee is allowed to perform his duties. When hiring, the medical board primarily concerns underage candidates and applicants for public office. For example, judges
Periodic	It is passed by those who work in special areas. Examination of doctors helps to identify occupational diseases at an early stage
Before shift	In specialized enterprises where the life of an employee or other people is endangered, a health check is carried out at the beginning of each shift. This is usually practiced in heavy and underground work. In the event of a sudden change in the health of a worker, doctors are required to examine the person, even after the shift. Such inspections are regulated by the order of the head of the enterprise. To prevent serious and dangerous diseases, visits to doctors occur at regular intervals. It might be once, twice a year
Extraordinary	The initiative can come from the employee himself or from the employer

Obtaining a medical examination always requires labor and time.

Basic concepts

A medical examination is a visit to specialists and the delivery of the necessary clinical tests. Which specialists to pass for some cases is stipulated in the legislation of the Russian Federation.

At other enterprises, this issue is being coordinated by the head with the medical staff of the clinic.

Specialists of a medical institution give birth to each person who applied. It contains all the results of the survey.

A duplicate is issued to the worker. A health passport is similar to a medical card. For its safety, unlike the card of a medical institution, the person himself is responsible.

All information about the tests passed, the inspection passed must be entered in this document. There are times when a passport can be lost. It will be restored by the specialists of the medical institution, where all the examinations were carried out.

Why is it needed

Passing a medical examination before applying for a vacant position allows the employer to be aware of the mental and physical condition of the candidate.

This is important for the performance of a specific amount of work in certain working conditions. Managers of enterprises are interested in finding workers who are in good health and who do not have any contraindications.

Preliminary medical examination helps prevent the spread of many diseases.

This is one of the factors that reduces the likelihood of accidents that may be the result of inadequate actions of the working personnel. Thanks to this, the lives of customers and staff members are not endangered.

If during the performance of duties responsibility for the lives of others is assigned, there are sources of increased danger, risk, then the mandatory presence of a psychiatrist's opinion is necessary.

A special examination reveals the applicant's reaction to various influencing factors of future work conditions.

The reaction of his body is determined. For work involving thermal stress, it is necessary to determine the thermal stability of the candidate's body.

If, after passing a medical examination, a person was not given a positive one, then he is not suitable for a vacant position. Such persons are not allowed to work.

Mandatory visits to doctors' offices before employment benefits both the employer and the individual himself:

The legislative framework

In Russia, medical examination is regulated by a number of legislative documents that supplement or clarify the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Establishment of conflicting norms and rules is not allowed.

The Labor Code is the main law. He lists the categories of workers who are required to undergo inspection. Article 213 covers the main provisions.

Minor citizens turn to specialists, regardless of where they want to work ().

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation requires all employees to visit doctors at the set time, to notify management in a timely manner of all changes related to their health, which may adversely affect the quality and safety of the work performed.

If a candidate for a certain position provides knowingly false results of a preliminary examination, the employer is obliged to him ().

Candidates for employment must take into account the requirements.

There are listed:

harmful factors that indicate that work falls under the category of dangerous professions;
diseases resulting from this work;
medical professionals who are able to identify the relevant diseases.

Additionally, regulations may be issued:

Ministry of Labor and Social Protection.
Government of the Russian Federation.

Municipal authorities representing the authorities have every right to introduce additional requirements regarding inspection at certain enterprises.

Features of passing a medical examination when applying for a job

After the examination, each medical specialist decides on the suitability of a person for this work.

A general conclusion is drawn up regarding his professional suitability. All information is entered into the outpatient card of the candidate for the relevant position.

If the worker is recognized as meeting the necessary requirements, the conclusion is signed by the attending physician or the head of the clinic.

He can be admitted to work in this enterprise only subject to certain conditions. For example, if you have poor eyesight, be sure to wear glasses.

Those with hearing loss should wear a hearing aid. A note on individual needs is made in the issued document.

If the result of the medical examination is negative, the applicant cannot hold the specified position. The clinical expert commission notifies him of this by issuing a conclusion.

The employer also receives a copy of this document within three days. The employee is denied employment ().

Where to get directions

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, visiting the necessary medical specialists when applying for a job is organized by the employer. From the enterprise, the applicant receives a referral to the clinic.

The document contains a list of harmful production factors that will affect the employee when performing the required task.

All companies are required to make prior arrangements with a specialized clinic.

When hiring new employees, the manager generates lists of candidates who are sent for inspection. A copy of the document is transferred to the regional department of SES.

The original is sent to the medical institution where the examination is planned. The employer and the medical representative agree on the deadlines for completing the task.

A commission is formed from medical specialists. If a person has already undergone an examination and has a medical book on hand, this will be enough for.

The document gives some insight into his physical and emotional state. Perhaps the employer will not have any doubts, and the applicant will be hired.

When there is no book, the company will issue a referral form for a medical examination to find out the health status of the employee.

The document must contain the following information:

the name of the medical institution;
applicant's personal data;
candidate's profession;
experience;
proposed position;
the nature of the medical examination;
information about the insurance company;
signature of the chief physician;
clinic stamp;
photograph of the specified dimensions.

Having received a referral signed, the applicant is obliged to visit the indicated clinic as soon as possible, pay for the services of specialists and begin a mandatory round of doctors.

Sometimes the question arises: “First, do I need to write a job application or pass a medical examination?”

If the internal rules of the company allow you to initially issue an application, then they do so. After receiving a referral for a medical examination.

Who must pass

In Russia, the Labor Code defines all relationships related to employment issues (, 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). There is no specific list of persons who are required to undergo a medical examination.

under the age of majority (pass an annual examination until they reach the age of 18);
applicants for places with harmful and life-threatening, health working conditions;
future workers in trade, public catering, food industry (cafes, canteens, restaurants);
educators of children in educational institutions (summer camps, orphanages, kindergartens, libraries);
employees of medical institutions, water supply facilities;
persons with a shift work method ();
those who are sent on long business trips;
planning to move to the Far North ();
employees of public transport, paramilitary security;
employees of gas and oil companies who work in hazardous climatic conditions;
athletes ();
dealing with optical instruments;
civil servants (determine the acts of the relevant departments);
persons who work most of the time underground;
employees of companies such as travel agencies, nightclubs, beauty salons;
pregnant women;
those who spend a lot of time at the computer;
specialists of hairdressing salons;
workers of communal organizations;
builders.

All those who fall under this list are required to submit a health book with the following data when applying for a job:

Date of examination.
Details of a medical institution.
Clinic stamp.

A complete list of works that require a medical examination is given in Order No. 302n (Appendix 1 and 2). It is available in Rossiyskaya Gazeta.

Legal systems are also aware of it. For some professions, mandatory inspection is prescribed by industry rules and laws:

Where can I get tested

The decisions of medical specialists from clinics that have been issued a license to provide such services (issued by the health department of a particular region) have legal force.

Most often, this is a central (city, district, regional) medical facility. Paid clinics may also be licensed.

Having made a choice where to go to the doctors, you must contact the registry of this institution with the following documentation:

identification;
direction;
health certificate, if any.

The receptionist will give you a list of doctors to visit and their office numbers.

List of doctors on the bypass list

The list of specialists determines a lot. Which doctors and tests are needed is decided taking into account the profession for which the applicant is employed.

Mandatory visit for all types of work:

surgeon.
Otolaryngologist.
Therapist.
Neurologist.
Ophthalmologist.

This list is updated depending on the gender of the worker and the place of work:

Women need an examination by a gynecologist, mammologist.
Men visit a urologist.
Food industry workers, educators, teachers go through a dermatologist and venereologist.
Persons involved in activities that are associated with harmful substances, increased danger to health, must have a psychiatric examination.

In addition to visiting specialists, you will need to pass some tests and undergo an additional examination. What is included:

Analysis of urine and blood.
Biochemical blood test for cholesterol and sugar.
Electrocardiogram.
Fluorography.
Mammography (women over 40).
Measurement of blood pressure.
Chemical-toxic tests for the presence of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances (not for all professions).
Chest X-ray.
Analysis of smears (performed by a gynecologist).

Passage of the gynecologist

A visit to a mammologist and gynecologist is mandatory for almost all professions where women are employed.

This is a great opportunity to detect the development of dangerous diseases in advance, to prevent the spread of viral infections. This shows concern for the health of the population as a whole.

What is the cost of the procedures

The list of specialists for medical examinations can be quite extensive. Therefore, you have to stand in the hospital queues for a long time. This is a big time investment.

Contacting a paid clinic helps save precious minutes. But, there is also a negative point - it is expensive. The price ranges from 800 to 3 thousand rubles. Therefore, a reasonable question arises: "Who pays all the bills?"

Does the employer have to pay for the medical examination (reimbursement)

Article 212 and oblige the employer to pay all bills for the medical examination of the candidate for the position.

If a person is invited to carry out this procedure at his own expense, this is a clear violation of the law.

To compensate for the funds spent related to the medical examination, an application from the employee to the management will be required.

Attached to the document:

Direction.

This amount will be reimbursed by the accounting department with the first advance payment or salary. The deadline is the day of payment of wages for the first month of work.

Is it necessary to go through the process?

Taking into account the laws of the Russian Federation, it is safe to say that passing a medical examination by specialists is a necessary requirement for a number of professions.

If this is not done:

The employer will pay an administrative fine.
The employee will not be allowed to work.

It is worth noting that in some cases the employer will decide whether a medical examination is needed. This applies to labor that does not require special health, does not fall under the list given in the legislation.

Many professions are associated with dangerous or harmful factors that negatively affect a person's life. Some people do not have the opportunity to learn a particular craft at all for health reasons. To prevent industrial accidents and to prevent occupational diseases, a mandatory periodic medical examination is provided. Consider the rules of its organization and determine the persons responsible for this.

Legislation on the medical examination procedure

The employer is fully responsible for labor safety. The law imposes on him the obligation to timely organize the passage of a medical examination when applying for a job or during the period of employment. The following legal documents govern this obligation:

TK RF.
Order of the Federal Ministry of Health of 2004, establishing a list of hazardous and hazardous production work, the performance of which requires periodic medical examinations of workers.
Order of Rosminzdravmedprom, which contains information on the category of employees subject to mandatory medical examination, indicating its frequency.
Industry documents (sanitary rules and regulations).

The Labor Code obliges employers to organize a medical examination by an employee who must comply with the requirements of medical control. Violation of the rules by an employee or employer can lead to administrative liability. A periodic medical examination not passed on time will result in the removal of the employee from the performance of official duties. Moreover, if it is the fault of the employer, then the duration of downtime will be paid. Otherwise, the person will be left without wages.

The concept and goals of a medical examination

A medical examination is a set of measures and interventions that are aimed at diagnosing pathological conditions of a person and preventing the risks of developing occupational and other diseases. Periodic procedures are carried out in order to monitor the health of employees and reduce industrial injuries. For each, there are deadlines in which the employee is required to see a doctor.

Periodic physical examination pursues and timely response to changes in health status. It is thanks to such events that it is possible to recognize the development at the initial stages and begin timely treatment. The results of the survey may prompt the employer to transfer the employee to a less hazardous area of production. The verdict of the medical commission ultimately either confirms the fact that the employee is fit to perform his duties, or, conversely, does not allow him to do so.

Prerequisites for medical examination

Conducting periodic medical examinations is carried out at a certain time, which depends on the degree of danger of production factors and their type of harmfulness. It is possible to determine whether an employee is affected by any adverse conditions using the appendix to Order No. 302n.

Classification of dangerous and harmful production factors

Group of factors	Varieties
Chemical	Mixtures and chemicals that are measured in the air of the work area and on human skin. These include substances of a biological nature obtained by chemical synthesis (vitamins, antibiotics, enzymes)
Biological	Pathogenic microorganisms, producers, spores and living cells, pathogens of infections and epidemiological diseases
Physical	Vibroacoustics, microclimate, non-ionizing and ionizing radiation, light environment
Severity of labor	Physical static and dynamic load, movement in space, working posture, weight of the load being moved and lifted manually
Labor intensity	Hearing stress, active monitoring of the production process, density of sound and light signals, stress on the vocal apparatus

Under the influence of at least one of the listed factors, a periodic medical examination should be carried out at least once a year.

Today, when applying for almost any position, it is necessary to undergo a preliminary medical examination. And this is not at all a whim of the employer. Preliminary and periodic medical examinations, in addition to employees exposed to hazardous and harmful factors, are employees:

treatment-and-prophylactic and children's institutions;
Food Industry;
trade;
Catering;
waterworks.

Mandatory inspection is carried out in order to protect the population from the emergence and spread of dangerous diseases.

Referral for medical examination

Preliminary and periodic medical examinations are regulated by Order No. 302n. In the first case, before being hired for a certain position, the employer issues a referral to the applicant, which contains data on the enterprise, the intended position and the nature of harmful or hazardous production factors (if any). The list of specialists and laboratory and functional studies that a future employee needs to undergo is established in accordance with the List of Works and Harmful Factors. The medical examination is considered completed if all prescribed procedures are completed. At this stage, a medical opinion is formed, which allows or prohibits the employee from taking a certain position. It is important to understand that in the event of a negative decision of the medical board, an employment contract cannot be concluded with the applicant.

Periodic medical examinations of employees are carried out within the time limits specified in the List of Works and Harmful Factors. Two months before the next medical examination, the employer is obliged to issue a referral to the employee. The employee undertakes to appear at the specified time.

Organization of periodic medical examinations

Before sending employees to a medical facility for a medical examination, the employer has to do several things. First of all, you need to make a list of the contingent of workers. This is a regulatory act of an enterprise containing information about the professions of employees that are subject to a preliminary or periodic medical examination. A sample of the established form for this document is not provided, but a list of data has been developed that should be indicated in it:

the position of the employee according to the staff list;
name of harmful or type of work.

This may include additional information at the discretion of the employer. The list of contingents is approved once, until any changes occur at the enterprise (new jobs, improvement or deterioration of working conditions, reorganization). The finished document is sent to Rospotrebnadzor.

Name lists of persons are developed annually two months before the agreed date of the medical examination. It must indicate the length of service precisely in the conditions of the declared production factor. It should be noted that the passage of a periodic medical examination is carried out at least once every 2 years in a medical institution and once every 5 years in the center of occupational pathology. The lists are compiled separately.

Issue of the order

The company concludes an agreement with a medical institution, where employees will undergo regular medical examinations. After agreeing on the terms, surveys are drawn up, with which it is necessary to familiarize the employees. Each person from the surname list confirms the fact of informing with a personal signature. At the same time, the employee may be issued a referral for a periodic medical examination.

The need for planned preventive measures is confirmed by the issuance of an order, which is drawn up in an arbitrary form. Consider the approximate content of this document:

Order "On Periodic Medical Examination"

In accordance with Art. 212, 213, 266 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation,

I ORDER:

Approve the lists of employees who are subject to mandatory medical examination in 2016. A schedule of preventive measures and a list of employees is attached.
Send the employees specified in the list to the medical institution "City Polyclinic No. 2" in accordance with the established schedule for undergoing a medical examination.
The heads of departments and subdivisions should not allow the specified employees to perform their official duties until the examinations have been passed.
Heads of departments and divisions to acquaint employees with the order under the signature.
Control over the execution of the order is assigned to Ivanov I.V.

After that, the full name of the director, his personal signature and applications with a surname list of persons who need to appear at the medical institution for medical examination are indicated. The order for periodic medical examinations is a mandatory document, which is drawn up on the basis of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and the Order of the Federal Ministry of Health No. 302n.

The frequency of inspection for certain professions

As already mentioned, the control over the health of employees is carried out under the condition that the latter work in hazardous and hazardous industries, regularly visit polyclinics and representatives of professions who in one way or another come into contact with a large number of people. Mandatory periodic medical examinations are required for employees:

Food industry, food trade, public catering - twice a year, tests for infectious diseases and STDs are performed, as well as an analysis for the carriage of staphylococcus and other bacteriological studies. Once a year, fluorography, a consultation with a therapist and laboratory tests for the presence of helminths are prescribed.
Children's preschool, school and secondary professional, medical institutions - examination for the presence of STDs, infectious diseases and bacteriological studies are carried out up to 4 times a year. A general therapeutic commission with the passage of fluorography and laboratory tests is required once a year.
Pharmacies and non-food trade - once a year, an examination by a dermatovenereologist, a therapist, fluorography and laboratory tests are shown.
Communal services for the population and swimming pools - 2 times a year are examined for the presence of STDs and 1 time per year they undergo a standard medical examination. Vaccination against diphtheria is required.

It is worth noting that the number of examinations, regardless of profession, includes such procedures as fluorography, a blood test for syphilis, bacteriological studies for STDs, an examination by a narcologist and a psychiatrist. For women, a visit to the gynecologist is mandatory.

Medical examination of persons working in hazardous and hazardous industries

Depending on the category of hazardous factors, the deadlines for employees to pass the mandatory one should be taken into account that, regardless of the length of service and profession, the following persons are subject to an annual examination:

under 21;
employed in the Far North region (including in areas equated to them) from another locality;
working on a rotational basis.

Consider the frequency of medical examination depending on the working conditions (profession).

Medical examination for employees of hazardous (dangerous) production

Types of work (production), profession
Explosive fire	1 time per year
Using and carrying weapons	1 time per year
emergency services	1 time per year
Service electrical installations (over 42 VAC, over 110 VDC)	1 time in 2 years
In areas remote from honey. institutions	1 time per year
Work on machines and equipment with moving parts	1 time in 2 years
Underground and high-altitude works	1 time per year
Land transport management	1 time in 2 years
Underwater work in a gaseous environment (at normal pressure)	1 time in 2 years

Do not forget that there is a professional periodic medical examination, which is necessary to pass in the center of occupational pathology once every five years.

Medical examination before the start of the working day (shift)

Some employees, who are responsible for more than their own lives, undergo a small physical examination daily. This includes workers employed in hazardous and hazardous industries. Purpose: monitoring the state of health after a working day and fixing complaints about well-being. Drivers of all ground vehicles, as well as pilots, undergo periodic medical examinations at work. This time is included in the composition of the working day (shift) and takes 15 minutes at the most, unless, of course, there is a suspicion that the employee's condition is deteriorating. Procedures include measurement of pulse, pressure, general assessment of health status and reactions. Periodic medical examination of drivers without fail includes a check of clarity of consciousness. In the presence of alcohol or drug intoxication (which is confirmed or denied by express tests if necessary), the employee is removed from the flight. General malaise, pressure drops can also become a medical withdrawal from the performance of labor duties.

The legislation made it mandatory to pass a pre-trip check of the condition of drivers for each enterprise or individual entrepreneur. Every person employed on a vehicle owned by a legal entity undergoes a medical examination. The doctor or paramedic decides on the admission of the employee to work. Conclusion honey. personnel must be strictly observed.

Who pays?

In order for an employee to undergo a periodic medical examination, it is required to pay for preventive procedures. Who bears the cost of the medical examination? When hiring and carrying out labor activities, the costs of a medical examination are borne by the employer. This rule is regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 213). The enterprise is free to independently choose a medical institution. Before concluding a contract with an organization, you should make sure of the following points:

the organization is licensed;
in the list of services and works in the appendix to the license, it is noted that the institution has the right to conduct medical examinations or an examination of professional suitability;
has all the necessary specialists on staff;
owns the required equipment;
provides services at the address specified in the license.

It is also necessary to clarify the procedure for examination by a narcologist and a psychiatrist. Often additional visits to dispensaries are required to obtain mental and physical health certificates. The cost of services is determined based on the number of required consultations and studies.

Even if the applicant does not find a job after passing the medical examination, the employer does not have the right to demand reimbursement of expenses. Deductions from wages or self-payment for preventive examinations are unlawful in relation to the employee. The employer is obliged to bear all expenses and, in addition, to keep the employee's salary for the duration of the medical examination within the average daily wage.

Periodic medical examination is an important event that allows timely diagnosis of occupational and socially dangerous diseases. Procedures are performed primarily in the interests of the employee. Both the employer and the employee should comply with the requirements of the law on passing medical examinations. Violations result in significant administrative fines.