Onion business. How to Start an Onion Growing Business? Documents for registration

Reading 11 min. Views 168 Published on 09.12.2018

Most people starting their own business are afraid to invest their earned money in large projects. That is why many newcomers to entrepreneurship choose low-cost projects that have minimal risks. People who own land can use the land they own to grow agricultural products. The equipment of a small greenhouse allows you to profit from the sale of mushrooms, vegetables and other crops. In this article, we propose to consider the cultivation of onions as a business and discuss several key issues related to this type of activity.

The green onion growing business requires a small start-up investment, is highly profitable and quickly pays off.

Growing onions in a greenhouse: business relevance

The green onion is food product, which contains a whole complex of vitamins useful for human health. Not many businessmen consider this product as a source of income. According to statistics, Russians annually consume several hundred tons of this product. D In order to implement such a project, just a few months are enough. This period of time should be spent on mastering the technology of growing onions, studying the market and creating distribution channels for existing products.

It is the creation of distribution channels that deserves special attention in this business. Many beginners in this field mistakenly believe that in order to start a business, it is enough to get the first harvest. However, in practice, a completely different picture is observed. In the absence of an established sales market, entrepreneurs are faced with the problem of selling the existing crop.

Experts in the field of agriculture note the fact that these plants can be grown all year round. During the summer months, onions are planted in the field. With the onset of autumn, it is recommended to transfer the crop to the greenhouse. The level of profitability of such a project depends on several important nuances. According to statistics, the value of this indicator varies from thirty to fifty percent.

Before starting to develop a business plan, an entrepreneur needs to carefully analyze all the features of the chosen area.

The key advantages of this business include the possibility of an annual harvest. A simple technology for growing a plant and its unpretentiousness are the key to creating a successful enterprise. Among the additional advantages, a wide distribution channel should be highlighted. finished products And high level demand for this plant among the population. The main advantage of this direction is the low level of entry into the business.

It should be understood that each business has unique disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages of this area is the frequent change in the cost of products. The cost of onions can not only grow, but also rapidly go to the warehouse. That is why many entrepreneurs often experience difficulties with the preparation of financial calculations. There is a high level of competition in the agricultural sector. Many residents of provincial cities are engaged in the cultivation of greens and vegetables. This means that before you start creating own business potential risks should be carefully considered. In order to protect your capital, it is recommended to prepare markets for finished products in advance.

Unlike other green crops, onions are quite unpretentious and grow quickly.

Features of the organization of the case

Before you start creating such a project, you need to carefully study all the pitfalls. A feature of growing onions is a short duration production cycle . In order to get the first harvest, only thirty days are enough from the date of planting the greenery. Another feature of this direction is the low level of labor costs. In order to process a plot of ten square meters, one hour of work is sufficient. This means that during a standard working day, one person can process about eighty square meters.

This area of ​​business does not require the employment of highly qualified personnel. When growing onions in a greenhouse, you can use a special technology that allows you to create multi-tiered racks. This approach can significantly increase business performance.

What kind of onion to choose

Growing green onions is one of the promising areas in the field of agriculture. An entrepreneur planning to work in this industry must choose a specific variety of greens. Each of the existing varieties has unique features. When using the Leek variety, you can get more than twenty kilograms of greenery by planting seeds on ten square meters. The use of the variety "Batun" allows you to increase the yield by one and a half times.

Beginning entrepreneurs are advised to use varieties that are resistant to changes in weather conditions. Variety "Shallot" allows you to get about forty-five kilograms from ten square meters. The Egyptian variety has similar performance. His hallmark is frost resistance. It should also be noted that the demand for final products does not depend on a particular variety. All of the above types of onions have similar taste and nutritional characteristics.

The most efficient cultivation technology

Each of modern technologies growing onions has its own distinctive features . First of all, it is necessary to consider a technology that involves the use of open ground. In this case, the entrepreneur needs to water the plants daily. Planting seeds should begin with the beginning of spring. Some experts in this field recommend using not seeds, but full-fledged bulbs.

The main advantage of this technology is considered to be a low level of financial and labor costs. In addition, it should be noted the ease of making beds and planting seeds. In order to use this technique, you will need a site with a large area. It should also be understood that the quality of the crop is directly related to weather conditions.

In order to protect the crop from the influence of external stimuli in the form bad weather, it is recommended to plant onions in a greenhouse. This method allows not only to reduce production costs, but also to increase the quality of the crop. The main disadvantage of this method is the high cost of creating the greenhouse itself. The cultivation technology without the use of soil deserves special attention. The main disadvantage of this method is its high cost. Despite this, the use of this technology allows you to maximize the payback of the project when using sites with a small area. Using this technique allows you to reduce the process of pen forcing up to fifteen days.

The level of business costs and the rate of profit making depend on the choice of a specific method of growing a plant. When setting up a business on a large scale, you will need to plant onions in the field. For this purpose, a plot with a large area is required.

Growing green onions can become not only a source of additional income, but also a profitable business.

Selection of soil for cultivation

After the technology for growing onions is selected, it is necessary to proceed to the preparation of the soil. When growing at home, it is recommended to use a mixture of peat, sand and humus. On the day the plant is planted, superphosphate and sodium chloride are added to the soil. It is recommended to change this soil only after four seasons.

When growing plants, it is very important to use the right fertilizer. Wood ash or lime is used to reduce acidity. In order to prevent the development of fungus, it is recommended to use potassium salt. The fertilizers used should not fall on the plant itself. It should also be remembered that onions belong to the category of plants that require daily watering. In order to protect plants from mold, it is recommended to dilute the water from time to time with a weakly concentrated solution of potassium permanganate.

Ways to disembark and care

There are three main methods for planting onions. Below we propose to consider the features of each of the existing methods:

1. Seed use. This method is used extremely rarely due to the long time costs. When planting, seeds are used, the shelf life of which does not exceed twenty-four months. The day before planting, the seeds are soaked in warm water. Experts recommend changing the water every sixteen hours. One hour before planting, the seeds should be immersed in a weakly concentrated solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Seedling application. This technique is used when planting leeks. In order to get seedlings, it is necessary to plant seeds in special pots filled with peat. After watering, the pots are wrapped in plastic wrap. You can speed up the growth of seedlings by placing pots on the windowsill. After the first sprouts appear, the onion is transplanted into the greenhouse.
3. Growing from bulbs. In this case, the bulbs are planted in the finished soil. For planting, small bulbs are used, which are previously kept warm for one day. Before planting the bulbs, it is necessary to cut off the “necks”. This method will significantly speed up the production process.

Grow green onion possible in various ways. One of the popular methods is the bridge method, in which the bulbs are planted in close proximity to each other. This approach allows you to save space and get rid of the need to constantly weed the beds. Before planting plants, you should carefully prepare the soil. Another popular method is band planting, in which the distance between planted bulbs is about three centimeters. The distance between the beds should be at least twenty centimeters. When using seeds, it is recommended to systematically weed the beds.

The third popular planting method is hydroponics. When using this technique, a specialized technique is used, which is a small spray filled with water. This design can be assembled at home. When creating a structure, it is recommended to use materials that do not transmit light. Application this method allows you to accelerate the ripening of the crop up to fifteen days from the date of planting.

The last option for growing onions is the use of special mats that are impregnated with nutrient solutions. For the first ten days after planting, the mats should be stored in a location out of direct sunlight. After the onion sprouts, the mats are transferred to the light.

In the production of onions on an industrial scale, it is grown year-round

Implementation nuances

The low price of planting material allows you to get a tangible financial return from this business. The cost of green onions is significantly higher during the winter months. The average cost of one kilogram of greens can reach three hundred rubles. It is important to understand that in the case of this business important role assigned to existing markets. When growing onions in large volumes, it is necessary to establish wholesale sales channels.

To begin with, it is recommended to conclude contracts with several outlets. It can be food markets, small shops or supermarkets. The conclusion of such contracts reduces the risk of crop loss due to the lack of a market. In order to interact with retail outlets, you will need to register your business. Otherwise, an attempt to conclude a contract may result in a fine.

Growing an onion feather in a greenhouse: a business plan

Growing onions on a feather in a greenhouse in winter as a business brings a pretty round profit. According to statistics, the consumption of this product increases with the beginning of autumn. This fact is explained by the fact that people begin to consume more fresh herbs, taking care of their health. The main advantage of this business is the unpretentiousness of the culture itself. The only disadvantage of this area, which must be taken into account when drawing up a business plan, is the high level of competition.

The disadvantage of this business is covered by a lot of advantages, among which we should emphasize the high level of profitability, the high speed of the production cycle and the low level of the threshold for entering the market. The cyclicality of business is one of the important advantages of this direction. Thanks to the opportunity to grow greens all year round, an entrepreneur gets a chance to create a profitable business. Onion feathers are among the most sought after products.

Financial Profit Calculation

In order to start a business, start-up investments will be required, the amount of which depends on whether the entrepreneur has his own plot or premises where the greenhouse will be equipped. In the presence of such assets, twenty-five thousand rubles will be enough to implement the project. Let's look at how this money will be spent:

1. Purchase and installation of lighting fixtures- seven thousand rubles.
2. Shelving with beds- six thousand rubles.
3. planting material- six thousand rubles.
4. Planting boxes- thousand rubles.
5. Payment utilities - five thousand rubles.

In one cycle, on an area of ​​twenty square meters, you can grow about sixty kilograms of greenery. Within one year, this greenhouse will be able to bring about two hundred and fifty kilograms of greenery. The average profit for this period will be about one hundred thousand rubles. From this amount it is necessary to deduct the invested capital and related costs.

Agriculture is one of the most promising areas for doing business

To achieve such a result is possible only with an established market for the sale of finished products. One of the main tasks of an entrepreneur working in this area is to find regular customers . In order to find wholesale customers, you should place ads on specialized sites or in printed publications. You should also try to visit various outlets on your own and negotiate with their owners.

The overall profitability of the business depends on the literacy of solving organizational issues. Entrepreneurs working in this area can create own brand producing colorful packaging for their products. Such products are in high demand in large retail outlets.

Conclusions (+ video)

Growing onions for sale promising idea, which can be easily implemented in countryside. In order to protect the crop from the aggressive effects of external stimuli, it is recommended to plant onions in a special greenhouse. This business can be an excellent launching pad for the implementation of more major project. That is why the cultivation of onions should be considered as an element of preparation for a more complex business.

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Reading 11 min. Published on 11/16/2019

Growing green onions is a public activity and possible even with minimal investment. The profitability of a business directly depends on the volume of plants produced, and onions can be grown almost anywhere: on the windowsill in a residential building, in a greenhouse, in a garage, in a basement.

Green onion growing technology - what should be the room for growing green onions?

Growing onions, as well as, in closed equipped premises guarantees year-round income. At the same time, human participation in the process is reduced to the simplest actions: the primary processing of raw materials and the collection of greenery.

Despite the unpretentiousness of the plant, you should still observe general recommendations for cultivation. This will reduce time costs and get a good harvest.

There are three characteristics that determine the ideal conditions for the growth of green onions:

• Comfortable air temperature.
• Sufficient room lighting.
• High-quality irrigation of the soil.

The size of the premises for doing business is also important, which affects the volume of products produced.

The room must be dry, not infected with mold or fungi and, if possible, light.

Let's bring possible options premises for growing green onions:

• Greenhouse

The simplest summer greenhouse is made of a wooden frame, which is covered with a dense layer on top. plastic wrap. You can assemble such a structure yourself, using improvised materials and tools.

In the warm season, greenhouses and greenhouses do not require additional lighting or heating. Natural air temperature and sunlight will be sufficient for plant growth.

Growing green onions in a greenhouse is the most environmentally friendly way, since such conditions are as close to natural as possible.

• Basement and garage

An alternative to a greenhouse can be a basement or garage. However, these rooms need additional preparation. First of all, they should be insulated. As materials, safe heat insulators are used, for example, based on polyethylene foam or foam.

The next step is to install shelving. They can be purchased ready-made or made independently, for example, from wood. If necessary, such racks are disassembled and transported to a new location.

A solid construction for long-term use should be metal, for example, welded from a profile or pipes. Naturally, it will require more significant investments.

Growing green onions in a basement or garage involves creating the following favorable conditions:

1. Heating . For maximum onion growth, it is necessary to observe the temperature regime in the range from +18 to +22 ° C. Any appliances can be used as heaters, but it is worth remembering that electrical devices will require serious electricity costs;
2. Lighting . The brighter the light in the room, the richer the color of the onion feather. Therefore, if possible, the room should be equipped with fluorescent lamps;
3. Ventilation . The air in the basement or garage must constantly circulate. It is advisable not only to install internal fans, but to organize the supply of fresh air from the street. This will give the plants a more comfortable environment and prevent the development of mold and mildew in the room.

• Windowsill

The easiest way to grow onions is on a windowsill. For this, a loggia is well suited. In the summer, no additional tricks will be needed, but on winter period, the loggia should be insulated and glazed. If the windows face north, artificial lighting can be arranged.

With good lighting and air temperature from +23 to +27, green onions will grow by 30 cm in about 2-2.5 weeks.

How to grow green onions for sale features of planting material for growing green onions

Almost anything can be used as planting material: soil, sand, sawdust. There are options in which the onion grows without soil and feeds exclusively on water. This method is called hydroponics.

• earth and sand

This is the standard planting base for the plant. If you grow onions in a greenhouse on a land plot, it is recommended to fertilize and loosen the soil.

Flaw: In all other cases, you will need to purchase special mixtures. The soil should be versatile and have an acidity of 6 to 7 ph.

• Sawdust

Sawdust is a cheap material. Their main property is friability and the ability to retain moisture. However, this ecological material does not contain nutrients, so additional mineral fertilizers.

Plants planted in sawdust will not require too frequent watering. When cut, ripe green onion feathers will remain clean (unlike those that grow on an earthen mixture).

Sawdust has one drawback - with prolonged use, they begin to rot, and mixed with the remains of onion roots turn into compost and require replacement.

Growing green onions in hydroponics assumes that the plant will not be fed from the soil, but from the circulating medium that comes to the roots. This medium can be based on water or a solid porous substance that retains moisture well and passes air well.

Coconut fiber is ideal as a substrate. It is absolutely natural, able to strongly swell and accumulate water, while passing air.

The onion planting system should contain channels filled with a solid substrate or blown with an air-nutrient mixture. Bulbs are placed in these channels. As necessary, an aqueous solution rich in minerals is launched through the ducts.

The order in which hydroponics layers are placed is as follows:

1. Onion roots.
2. organic substrate.
3. Net.
4. nutrient solution.

The most important aspect of this growing method is high-quality aeration (air saturation) of the roots. Therefore, the mesh and nutrient solution should be about 5 cm apart.

The yield of onions growing in hydroponics will be higher, and the cost of purchasing planting materials will be lower.

Equipment and devices for growing green onions indoors

Growing onions for greens can be made as simple and convenient as possible using various devices. For example, as a source artificial light use professional phytolamps that stimulate plant growth.

Drip irrigation systems are great for irrigating onions in greenhouses. With their help, water consumption is noticeably reduced, and the liquid itself is evenly distributed throughout the planted area.

There are entire installations designed in the form of racks in which light sources and soil containers are built. Such equipment is already ready for use, it remains only to place onions in it and water it until harvest.

There are commercially available hydroponic systems that work as follows:

1. On the water.
2. On the substrate.
3. Aeroponics (air).

This equipment can be used immediately, all that is needed is to purchase raw materials and prepare a nutrient mixture.

Planting and growing green onions on a feather - how to grow green onions in winter?

Green onions can be successfully produced at any time of the year. However, this will entail considerable additional investments - at least it will be necessary to organize heating and lighting. Even using a garage or basement for business, in which it is already necessary to install sources of artificial light, heating devices will be needed.

If there are relatively small volumes in the soil, onions can be pre-treated before planting. This will speed up the germination process several times.

The procedure is:

• The bulbs are placed in a container and completely filled with cold water.
• After one hour, all the water is drained.
• Landing in the ground is carried out in a day.

To grow green onions in a greenhouse in winter, you should pay attention to the quality factor of the structure and organize favorable conditions inside it.

If you plan to do business for the long term, it is advisable to build a greenhouse thoroughly:

• The frame is made of metal or a durable wooden profile.
• Make the base of the greenhouse.
• Cover all ceilings and structures with paint or primer.
• Cover the greenhouse with a strong polycarbonate film.

The growth rate of green onions directly depends on the air temperature. environment or premises:

• At 12C° onions ripen for about four weeks.
• At 17C° - about 26 days.
• At 20C° - about 22 days.
• At 22C° - about 20 days.
• At 25C° - about 2.5 weeks.

Growing green onions in the cold season is best done using winter and frost-resistant plant varieties. They adapt better to lower temperatures and will be able to produce higher yields under less favorable conditions.

Is it profitable to grow green onions in winter and summer - the real reasons for selling an onion growing business

This business is considered quite profitable, but there are always parameters that can greatly affect profitability. Naturally, due to the unequal number of mandatory expenses, summer and winter onion cultivation has tangible differences.

In summer:

• in the greenhouse Plants develop only due to sunlight. Auxiliary sources of heat and light are not needed.
• Basement and garage - heaters are either not required at all, or must operate at minimum power (for example, in a cold basement).
• On the windowsill Green onions grow on their own using sunlight. The room temperature does not need to be adjusted.

Winter:

• in the greenhouse - the design itself should be made of more expensive and durable materials. Inside the greenhouse, you need to create a comfortable microclimate using additional sources heat and sometimes light.
• Basement and garage - Higher quality thermal insulation materials may be required. Also, you can not do without heating devices.
• On the windowsill - if you use a loggia for growing onions, it will need to be glazed, insulated and, possibly, heated.

In the cold season, the market value of green onions increases, which compensates for the forced costs. The undoubted advantage is the possibility of longer storage of already cut greens. Not every activity is bound to be successful.

There are a number of reasons that can hinder the development of the business and give the owner the idea of ​​selling the business:

1. Lack of personal vehicles . If onions are grown in a greenhouse outside the city, and for sale they need to be transported, one car not enough. In this case, it is appropriate to use a small truck, since the crop volumes can be impressive, and the greens must retain their presentation and not wrinkle. If there is no opportunity to purchase a vehicle, doing business can be very difficult.
2. Unprofitability . Growing onions in winter entails another expense item - lighting and heating. If the greenhouse, garage or basement is located in inconvenient locations or areas with high electricity rates, the cost of maintaining the right temperature can greatly affect the profit margin.
3. Raising the price of raw materials . In a lean year, the price of onions increases greatly, which adversely affects the cost of green products.
4. No market . Not every green onion producer has its own outlet for the sale of grown goods. Very often, finished products are sold in bulk at prices 1.5-2 times lower than retail prices. If supply exceeds demand, the purchase price may be reduced to an unacceptable minimum, making the business unprofitable.

Real business plan for growing green onions for sale

All initial potential costs can be divided into three categories:

• Purchase or lease of premises / land.
• Improvement of the premises (construction, insulation).
• Technical equipment (racks, devices, installations, tanks).

To these costs are added regular expenses:

• For the purchase of raw materials (bulbs, mineral fertilizers, water).
• For the transportation of finished products.
• To maintain the necessary microclimate (lighting, heating, ventilation).
• For workers' wages.

Not all items are mandatory, since the onion growing room may be owned, and attract additional labor force will not need.

Business Pros:

• Unpretentiousness to conditions and fast growth of a plant.
• Minimum financial investment.
• Fast payback with small volumes.

An example of a business plan for growing onions in a greenhouse:

Name	Options
Land area	100 sq. m.
Effective area	75 sq.m.
Average growth time of green onions	3 weeks (21 days)
The volume of grown products for 1 month	350 - 550 kg of green feather
Wholesale cost of planting material	8 rubles / 1 kg
Cost of 1 kg of green feather	from 10 to 60 rubles.
Potential green crop losses (due to climate, weather, etc.)	30%
Wholesale cost of selling 1 kg of onion in summer	30 50 rub.
Wholesale cost of selling 1 kg of onions in winter	200 rub.
The number of onions sold per day by large producers	1000 – 3000 kg
The number of onions sold per month by average producers	1500 kg
The amount of start-up capital required to start a business	100 - 150 thousand rubles.
The amount of monthly profit at the very beginning of the business when using an area of ​​75 sq.m.	20 thousand rubles
The amount of monthly profit when growing 3000 kg of onions per month	150 thousand rubles

The profitability of the business of growing onions in a greenhouse is about 30% in winter and more than 50% in the warm season

This difference is explained by the cost of heating and renting a greenhouse. Depending on the scope of activities, a business can pay off in a period of several months to several years.

Even at the stage of business planning, you need to take care of the market for finished products. This point can be decisive in assessing the profitability of the whole business. Even with the most modest investment, the amount of profit depends on the ability to profitably sell grown green onions.

You will find out how much money you need to invest in a greenhouse growing onion business and how justified such a business idea is. Read about which green onion growing technology works best.

Hello readers of Startupoff!

Do you want to try your hand at agribusiness? A great business idea is to grow onions on a feather. Despite high competition, this branch of business is highly profitable and promising, while it does not require a large start-up capital.

Why Growing Onions in a Greenhouse is a Good Business Idea

Doubt that the company is profitable?

Here are some indisputable proofs:

1. For seeds, onions are sold at a price of 15-20 rubles per 1 kg, and the price of a feather in the off season reaches 200 rubles. per kg.
2. To open a business, you do not need a large start-up capital, and the monthly expenses for the purchase of seeds, heating and water are small.
3. For sowing, there is enough territory in the backyard or suburban area.
4. This plant is unpretentious. The production technology does not require significant labor and monetary costs.
5. If you plant an early ripe variety, then the first profit will be in a month and a half. Varieties such as batun and family onions produce good greens in 3-4 weeks.
6. Stable demand all year round.
7. A feather in a greenhouse for sale can really be grown year-round, and a crop can be harvested 7-9 times a year.
8. Selling fresh, dried and frozen.
9. Many sales channels: vegetable markets, supermarkets, grocery stores, wholesale buyers, barbecue houses, restaurants, cafes.

On my personal plot there is a small bed of onion-batun.

It is perennial and requires little or no maintenance. It tolerates southern winters well. After pruning quickly gives new feathers. Greenery from several bushes is enough for our family in abundance. I am sure that the greenhouse cultivation of onions and its well-established marketing will bring a stable income.

Which variety to choose

Feathers are given by all varieties of onions, but greenhouse production has its own favorites. They give a bountiful harvest, have excellent taste, retain freshness for a long time, and are unpretentious in care.

I will briefly talk about each of them.

Leek

Externally, leek greens resemble garlic. It gives wide, short leaves, has a pronounced but delicate taste. Good for salads, fresh consumption. From a bed of 9 square meters, he gives 20 kilograms of feathers. Suitable for year-round greenhouse cultivation. Grows well in open field and greenhouses.

Batun

It is perennial and annual. Gives wide tubular juicy feathers. The taste is sweet, delicate. Feather tender all the time of the growing season. It is sown with seeds. In the first season, the plant takes root, gaining strength.

Active fruiting begins in the second year. The variety tolerates frosts well, suitable not only for open ground, but also for greenhouse, greenhouse cultivation. Gives arrows with seeds. It sows itself in the ground.

shallot

This is a branchy variety with pronounced greenery and small bulbs. The variety is suitable for forcing in a greenhouse, growing on a windowsill. It is planted on greenery three times a year: in spring, autumn and summer. Gives an early harvest. The feather is soft and juicy throughout the growing season. Does not give arrows. Planted with bulbs.

Egyptian

This variety has underground and air bulbs. It is called multi-tiered, as new bulbs grow on its arrows, from which a young plant develops. It does not have a dormant period, steadily bearing fruit all year round. Unpretentious. It grows well even at 10-12 degrees of heat. Frost-resistant, suitable for cold regions.

Plant several varieties in the greenhouse at once. Your product range will be wider and your yields will be more stable.

Which growing technology works best?

Greenhouse production of onions for feathers is based on several technologies. All of them are simple, save time and effort, do not require the use of agricultural technology.

Actively used methods of year-round cultivation of this plant:

• cultivation on sawdust;
• hydroponics;
• use of shelving to increase usable area.

Using them, at the end you will get onions grown at home without a greenhouse, in a warm shed, garage, basement or other utility room.

Onion in sawdust

The porous structure of sawdust absorbs moisture well and also gives it away well. It is loose, provides the rhizomes with the right amount of oxygen. These are the main advantages of the method. Before using sawdust, they are doused with boiling water for disinfection.

The bulbs are soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate. Sawdust is poured into flat shallow containers, onions are laid out on them. Pour the prepared "bed" with warm water. To germinate onions faster, cover the rack with foil.

hydroponics method

The method is based on a system of planting plants without soil in water enriched with nutrients. It needs a hydroponic setup to grow. The cost of its acquisition is more than offset by a stable harvest and ease of maintenance.

Agronomists consider the hydroponic cultivation of dill, strawberries, vegetables the most convenient and effective method year-round cultivation.

Growing on multi-tiered racks

Multi-tier racking structures - saving space and increasing crop volumes. They provide good warming of crops in winter. On the racks it is convenient to water the plants, it is easier to harvest and plant new crops.

For the manufacture of shelving, use wooden boards or metal fittings, corners. Installation of structures is carried out at the stage of installation of the greenhouse. You can install structures in an already equipped room.

With this method of cultivation, one should take into account possible nuances: uneven lighting, different ground temperatures and lack of drainage

How to grow onions on a feather in a greenhouse in winter - a detailed business plan

A business plan is your insurance against unnecessary expenses. It is necessary to analyze each stage of business development, calculate the profitability of a business, and calculate start-up costs. Planning will help to weigh all the pros and cons of the project, find where and how to sell products.

The business plan includes the choice of growing technology, the installation of a greenhouse and equipment, and the search for buyers. Let's consider each of the planning stages in more detail.

Stage 1. Building a greenhouse

To start, a small polycarbonate greenhouse is enough, which will fit in the backyard. Make a foundation in it for greater structural strength and better heating of the soil, install an irrigation, heating and lighting system.

The purchase of equipment and the installation of a greenhouse complex is the largest share of the costs at the start. But without creating conditions for plants, you will not get high yields.

Do not have a solid starting capital? Assemble the greenhouse yourself, without hiring specialists. Instead of a watering system, use a conventional hose irrigation. Collect racks from improvised materials.

Rational use solar heat will help you save on heating. Use drawings and diagrams from the Internet. Adapt the finished frame drawing to your site.

Stage 2. Selection and purchase of seeds

Buy material for sowing (onion sets, seeds) only in specialized stores or in greenhouse complexes. Use seed and seed planting for consistent yields throughout the year.

Carefully inspect the seed. The bulbs must be strong, without rot and characteristic odor. Seeds - the same size, without white or grayish plaque.

Stage 3. Soil preparation

Onion is not picky about the soil. It is desirable that it be moist, loose, contain additional food. Add sand to the soil for growing it, for loosening, as well as pre-prepared or purchased compost, wood ash. Pour the prepared soil into boxes on the racks, level and moisten.

Not sure what to choose: sawdust or soil? Watch the video comparing the yield on sawdust and on the ground:

Stage 4. Growing greens

The soil should be moist, but not overflowing. Excessive moisture will cause the bulbs to rot. The period of "dry" will slow down the growing season. Onions love light and warmth, but cannot tolerate heat. Keep an eye on the optimum level of temperature in the room.

Stage 5. Sales of finished products

Properly established marketing of products is a guarantee successful business. Sell ​​your grown crops at local vegetable markets. Visit supermarkets, establishments Catering, offer your product to wholesale buyers.

For the sale of greens on the market "from hand" trade documents are not needed. To rent a retail outlet in the market, sales in supermarkets and grocery stores, you need to register with the state tax service.

Open IP or KFH. OKVED code 12.1 - entrepreneurship in agriculture (growing beets, cucumbers, seedlings for sale and other types of agricultural business) and 12.2. - growing greens. Taxation 6% according to ESHN.

How much money you need to invest to start a business - the main items of expenditure

Business expenses are divided into one-time (for example, the initial purchase of equipment) and current, which occur monthly.

Main items of expenditure:

• installation of a greenhouse frame;
• purchase of equipment for lighting, heating, irrigation;
• agricultural equipment;
• container for packing;
• taxes;
• rent for trading place On the market;
• transport and advertising costs.

With the development of business, expenses will be added wage for workers, payment of rent for land plot. The amount of expenses depends on the scale of production, the conditions in which you start the business.

Detailed business plan- the basis for starting any business

Table with the calculation of the costs of opening a greenhouse of 50 square meters. meters on a hydroponic system will help calculate the starting costs for opening your business:

№	Type of expenses	Approximate amount, rub.
1.	Daylight lamps	8 900, 00
2.	Electrical wires, 100 meters	3 000, 00
3.	Laying, installation, lighting adjustment	3 000, 00
4.	Installation of two floors of shelving	11 888, 00
5.	Shelving bath	29 720, 00
6.	Development of a useful surface for planting material	9 000, 00
7.	Hydroponic technologies for irrigation, without the use of automation in work	23 800, 00
8.	Other installation items	17 800,00
Total:		107 108, 00

In the past few years, non-GMO products have been considered a real shortage. Thanks to the developed agriculture in our country, the domestic consumer seeks to purchase natural products grown without the use of chemicals. The demand for such products is determined by a number of the following factors: ecological cleanliness and harmlessness, the richness of vitamins, antioxidants and nutrients necessary for the normal functioning of the body.

The only drawback is the minimum shelf life. Subject to the technology and compliance with the prescribed requirements for plant care this species entrepreneurial activity will bring significant profit at minimal cost.

Modern agronomists have developed 2 main approaches to growing crops:

• growing in a greenhouse;
• cultivation in the open field.

It is easy to guess that the first method will allow you to get a good harvest with minimal cost time. At the same time, this option involves the construction of a greenhouse, the equipment of an irrigation system, appropriate lighting, the delivery of nutrient soil, etc. An important point in this matter is the choice of an onion variety (hybrid) suitable for greenhouse cultivation.

Literally 5 years ago, there were two types of greenhouses - covered with polyethylene film and glass. The development of modern technology has added one more material to this list - polycarbonate. If we consider the option of growing as a year-round business, it is worth stopping at the last option.

It should be understood that polycarbonate greenhouse- pleasure is not cheap, but in terms of practicality and efficiency it has no equal.

As for heating, wood-burning stoves or solar panels are common.

How many greenhouses do you need to start a business? Experienced agronomists say - at least three. This will allow observing the production cycle: in the first one, sowing is carried out, in the second, greening shoots are controlled, and in the third, the crop is harvested.

The simplest and most affordable method of growing onions is open ground. For implementation this project you do not have to build expensive greenhouses, equip a heating and irrigation system. All that is required is to rent a plot of land and start growing crops in accordance with the prescribed technology.

Despite the simplicity of the method, growing in the open field has several disadvantages:

• business seasonality (May-June, September);
• poor soil quality can significantly reduce yields;
• adverse weather conditions will prevent normal plant growth.

Variety selection

Planting onions is allowed in the form of seeds and bulbs. Greenhouses are characterized by growing greens (feathers) from bulbs. The use of seeds for similar purposes is a solution with low efficiency. Despite intensive care, the sprouts are weak and grow more slowly. As for the bulbs, they grow many times faster, the crop has a beautiful presentation, it has good taste.

Producers from the Netherlands managed to achieve a qualitative selective effect. Recommended varieties:

• Red Baron;
• Yellow Dutch;
• Exhibition;
• Spirinth F1;
• Margnit F1.

They are not inferior in quality, but the Japanese varieties Nubucca Green and Nagaoka King are more affordable. Among the products of the German breeding farm, for obtaining early greens, it is worth choosing the Stuttgater Riesten variety.

To get a rich harvest and organize a highly profitable business, you should pay Special attention the process of selecting species and varieties of planting material, as well as methods of growing in certain time of the year.

Basic knowledge biological features onion varieties and requirements for their growth conditions guarantees maximum yield and, as a result, good profit.

For example, onions are not intended for growing indoors in the autumn-winter period. At this time, he is in deep peace. Any species is particularly demanding of light. For planting in the fall, perennial varieties are optimal, they do not need dormant periods (slizun, multi-tiered, chives). November is optimal for planting onions. Favorable for planting shallots in December.

Planting and care activities

The soil for planting onions must be prepared in advance. Character traits- looseness, fertility. The crop gives a higher yield on fertilized soil. It is recommended to add the following fertilizers to the soil mixture before planting (per 1 m 2):

• potassium chloride - 15 g;
• superphosphate - 30 g;
• manure - 5 l.

If we consider the option of planting with bulbs, then from September to October, planting material should be placed in boxes at a distance of a centimeter from each other. If sowing is carried out in early March, the distance should be increased to 4-6 centimeters.

Onion care is not difficult, the plant is unpretentious. The owner of the greenhouse will need:

• for the entire period of growth, make one top dressing (a solution of ammonium nitrate 30 grams per 5 liters of water is suitable);
• onions love a lot of water, so it is necessary to ensure abundant watering;
• clearly observe the temperature regime (at night - at least + 12 ° С, during the day - at least + 20 ° С);
• despite the need for abundant watering, control the level of soil moisture to prevent rotting of the bulb;
• eliminate drafts in the greenhouse.

It is important to cut green onions in time. The optimal indicator is a leaf length of 28-30 cm.

Sales channels

It is important to remember that greens are a perishable product, the sale of which should be carried out immediately. Therefore, you should take care of the channel for the sale of goods even before they land. Green onions are in great demand among the population, so it is advisable to open a point on the market. In order to diversify the range, you can sell other greens.

The most profitable option for a large manufacturer is the sale of greenery in bulk.

To do this, it is recommended to conclude contracts for the supply of onions with large retail outlets, catering establishments, shops, etc.

Some people, wanting to get fresh herbs directly from the garden, can purchase them directly from the manufacturer. For effective distribution of your offer, it is recommended to place an ad in the newspaper and create an advertisement on the Internet.

Costs and profitability

It would be optimal to build a polycarbonate greenhouse with an area of ​​​​100 squares (this is a relatively small room of 5x20 meters) with a two-tier rack system. The greenhouse must be equipped with a lighting, heating and irrigation system. The total cost of equipping the environment for growing products will be 150 thousand rubles.

The average cost of purchasing onion sets is 200 rubles per kilogram. It will take about 50 kg to fill the greenhouse. The total cost of sowing material is 10 thousand rubles.

For fast and high-quality growth of onions, fertilizers will be required. On average, for each square meter the cost of the fertilizer complex will be 30 rubles, which, in terms of the total area of ​​the sowing zone, will be 30 thousand rubles.

We summarize all costs. Based on the information provided above, you will need:

• Greenhouse equipment - 150 thousand rubles.
• Onion sets 50 kg - 10 thousand rubles.
• Fertilizers - 30 thousand rubles.
• The cost of water, electricity, etc. - 10 thousand rubles.
• Total: 200 thousand rubles

From the beginning of planting to the collection of onions ready for sale, an average of 2 months will pass. Productivity - 9 kg per m 2, which means that from 100 sq. m after 2 months, you can collect 900 kg. average price sales of onions - 40 rubles per 1 kg. It is easy to calculate that the proceeds from the sale of the harvest will bring 36 thousand rubles.

It's time to talk about an additional method of making a profit - the sale of green onion feathers. For 2 months from a square meter you can get 0.8 kg of greenery, in terms of the entire plot - 80 kg. At a price of 170 rubles per 1 kg, you can get 13,600 rubles from the entire green crop.

In total, for 2 months from a greenhouse of 100 sq. m income will be 49.6 thousand rubles. The entrepreneur will begin to make a profit after the fifth planting and sale of the bow. The payback period of the project is by the end of the first year.

Video about growing products

On the video - a detailed story about the construction and equipment of a greenhouse for growing greenery in winter and summer:

Green onions are a very useful type of greens that are integral part the diet of many families. It is used to make salads, soups, pizza and more. There is a constant demand for this product. First, it is worth distinguishing different approaches to making money on green onions. So let's say, if you decide to breed this greenery at home, then you should not count on big profits from small volumes.

If we talk about this direction, namely as a business, then you will need to summer season plant onions in the open field, at least 10 hundredths of the garden, and in winter it will be necessary to equip insulated greenhouses. A serious approach requires certain financial investments. Starting from the purchase of planting material, fertilizers, equipment for irrigation systems and, if necessary, heating and lighting, as well as transport costs and ending with hiring workers for onion care and harvesting. In this article, we will try to consider the main points of the green onion business and indicate both the pros and cons in this line of business.

Technologies for growing green onions

Many farmers who work in this direction will tell you that there are two main directions for growing these greens: from seeds and from bulbs. Both of these methods have both pros and cons, which we will talk about.

Seed use

With this approach, the entrepreneur buys the seeds of the required onion variety and plants them in a nursery, it can be a small greenhouse. Buying seeds is a cheaper start option, since the bulbs are more expensive, but at the same time, there is more trouble with plant care. Firstly, if you use seeds, then the period for obtaining a crop increases significantly, and due to climate instability, the chances of losing the crop increase. Secondly, when plants ascend, onion bushes need to be thinned out, and not all seeds come down. On the other hand, you have big choice different varieties of seeds at a low price, and this is a definite plus for a beginner. The best seeds are Dutch and Japanese varieties of onions. The average cost of such planting material is about $2 - $4 per 1 kg.

from bulbs

If you plant ready-made bulbs, then you can more short term get a harvest. Plus, the loss of the crop itself is also reduced due to the higher resistance of plants, both to weather conditions and to various diseases. But at the same time, if you buy seed in the form of bulbs, then you will definitely need to invest more money in your business.

Before planting, the bulbs undergo a special treatment to protect against diseases and pests.

Features of growing onions on a feather

In order to grow onions specifically for feathers for sale, for your business you will need to purchase a special variety of this greenery. Andreyka, Afonya, Onion-slizun, Leader, Broad-leaved, Green, Dwarf, Belarusian. Usually such a bow is sold in large volumes in early spring, when it goes high demand and people buy it to make salads. It is popular due to the vitamin composition.

Now let's discuss a little in what conditions it is most profitable to grow green onions and what in each case you will need to buy or equip for this.

in the greenhouse

Growing and producing green onions in a greenhouse is one of the options for year-round profit in this direction. The greenhouse equipment itself costs money. They are usually made of glass or polycarbonate. In this case, it is necessary to immediately mount the heating, irrigation and lighting system. Typically, in such greenhouses, a drip irrigation system is equipped and daylight lighting is used. So, as in the absence of light rays, you will not get the desired crop. If you live in a very cold climate, then building greenhouses for the winter season is not very profitable, since utility bills for light and heating reduce the profitability of the business to 10% - 15%, and with such labor costs and expenses it becomes unprofitable for the entrepreneur. Bulbs are mainly planted in greenhouses, this approach allows you to reduce the growing season up to 3 times. The harvest is obtained with good taste and presentation.

Loose fertile soil is used as soil in greenhouses, it is prepared with fertilizers, both manure and potash and phosphate additives. Constant watering and connection of lighting if necessary is required.

Also, with the greenhouse approach of green onion feather breeding, you can implement aeroponics technology that will help make the green onion business even more efficient in winter. The essence of this method is as follows, it helps to reduce the ripening period of this green from 21 days by almost half, but at the same time it also requires financial investments. Thus, the cost of launching this technology ranges from $15 to $65 per 1 sq.m. in a greenhouse. The payback of this approach is on average about 3 years, but it is more profitable for large greenhouses, and for small scale production its use would not be rational. If, for example, water is used as a substrate in hydroponics, then in aeroponics, plants are fixed on special stands (the roots are in the air), and their roots are regularly treated with an aerosol saturated with useful substances necessary for specific greenery. This is a technology without land, and with its approach it eliminates all onion diseases associated with the soil and accelerates the ripening of the crop.

As you can see, it is quite realistic to start growing green onions in winter, but at the same time, you need to correctly calculate costs and profits so as not to work at zero or in the red.

In the open field

The second option is the most massive, as it does not require huge investments. General costs on an area of ​​100 sq.m. will be about $1000 - $1500. This is for the purchase of seeds, fertilizers and provision of an irrigation system.

In the fall, in the area that you plan to plant with onions, you will need to make organic fertilizers in the form of manure, and in early spring, apply other fertilizers and recharges.

The planting technology is as follows, the greens are planted at a distance of 1.5 - 2 cm from each other in the garden, and the distance between the rows is usually about 5 - 7 cm. Before planting the seeds, they are usually soaked in water. After the onion ascends, you will need to weed, removing weeds, and break through the green bushes themselves, leaving the strongest feathers. Yield losses during cultivation in the open field are 20% - 30%, they are mainly associated with diseases and pests, as well as drought. Watering should be provided on an ongoing basis, and surface loosening of the soil should also be carried out. For onions, the ideal temperature for growth is 20 - 25 degrees. It is desirable to warm water for irrigation in the sun up to 18 - 20 degrees.

At home

This is the most inappropriate type of earnings, since the volumes in this format are very limited. Many businessmen grow onions not only on window sills in trays, but also use areas in the basement, in the garage or in the apartment, for example, in pantries, but in such cases it is necessary to ensure the appropriate temperature regime, and constant lighting and watering. You won’t earn a lot of money growing green onions at home, but as an additional income it’s quite possible to master such a business, especially if you yourself can sell products at a retail price in the market or for friends. Rather, this method is more suitable for producing greens for oneself rather than for sale.

in sawdust

The technology for growing onions on sawdust is as follows. Boxes are taken, either plastic or wooden, the bottom of which is covered with a substrate, it can be an ordinary film. Next, a 3–4 cm layer of sawdust is laid out on it and abundantly wetted with thermal water.

For 2 - 5 days, a box with onions on sawdust should be kept in a cool room, if it is an apartment or a house, then you can put it on the floor, this is done in order to form the horse system of the plant.

In a bottle

The technology of growing onions in a bottle is based precisely on saving space for planting. Usually, a 5-liter bottle is used for this, in which round holes are cut for the bulbs. Then gradually falling asleep the substrate for seedlings, which can be bought at any agro store, we soak the ground and insert the bulbs in all holes to the top of the bottle in stages. On top of the cut bottle, we set the bulbs close to each other. Don't forget to water the soil. This method has a good aesthetic appearance, and may well be suitable for an apartment or a private house in the winter.

In a package without land

This method is related to the sawdust fondant method, but has its own characteristics. So, the package should be tight, food bags are perfect and whole. A small amount of sawdust or toilet paper is placed in it and moistened abundantly. Next, they take an onion, cut it off from above and plant it on sawdust close to each other. After that, the bag is inflated and tied with an elastic band or cord. It is placed in a dark, cool space for several days, during this period the root system begins to form, and then exposed to sunlight, as an option on the windowsill.

We have analyzed various methods and technologies for growing green onions for sale, which one to apply for your business is up to you.

Profitability and sales markets

When compiling a business plan, you will first need to focus on sales markets - this is the most important point in this business. So, retail sales this is good, but if you work with large volumes, then without searching wholesale buyers you can't do it. Therefore, you need to look for customers among the owners of grocery stores and shops, or greenery buyers. Onions are a rapidly perishable product, so the issue of its sale must be addressed in advance. If we talk about profitability, then in summer it ranges from 50% to 80%, and in winter due to high heating costs it does not exceed 30%.

On an area of ​​about 70 sq.m. it is possible to grow about 400 kg of onion feathers, with the cost of 1 kg of production from $0.5 to $3, depending on the season and technology.

The highest price for green onions is from April to June. Then it goes downhill. Bulk prices for onions in the summer, about $0.8 - $1, and in winter, the price rises to $1.6 - $2 per 1 kg.

Small entrepreneurs sell about 1,500 kg of onions per month on average.

Subsequently, the assortment can be expanded with other herbs: dill, parsley, lettuce and others.

Conclusions. Growing green onions as a business is a very profitable occupation, having mastered the technology and finding wholesale buyers, you can reach a good profit.