The simplest designs of greenhouses and greenhouses. smart greenhouse

The prototypes of the current greenhouses have been used in European countries since the 16th century, and the first structures made of glass and wood appeared with the English nobility almost 100 years later. Having quickly spread in Russia, greenhouses began to be used for growing exotic fruits and plants. A little later, it became widespread polyethylene film. Today, there are a lot of innovations in the choice of material for a greenhouse. About what greenhouses are and what kind of structure is suitable for certain conditions, and will be discussed in this article.

Kinds

Among the variety of types of greenhouses, you can find the right option, depending on pricing policy and quality. For example, according to the time and method of operation, greenhouses are classified into:

Winter

The “speaking” name immediately indicates the primary feature - due to the mandatory heating (solar energy, biofuel, technical means) you can grow vegetables, flowers and fruits in such a greenhouse all year round. The building can be either deepened into the ground or located on the surface, but regardless of this, its indispensable attribute should be the foundation.

The frame material is wood, brick, PVC or a metal base, and the greenhouses are covered with polycarbonate or glazed. But combinations are also possible.

An important aspect of winter buildings is the choice of their location.

• it is preferable to build a greenhouse in length from west to east (in this case, maximum exposure to sunlight is guaranteed);
• free passage to the building;
• wind protection, especially if natural conditions suggest frequent gusts (this can be a structure or a hedge about two meters high and at a distance from the greenhouse at least three times the height of the building).

Summer

As a rule, summer greenhouses are used from March to November. The microclimate in the building is provided by the penetration of sunlight, although the option of artificial heating due to cooling is possible. Compost, humus or manure acts as biofuel. The frame is made of wood, metal or plastic pipes. They are considered more economical, as they are covered with an inexpensive film and do not require a massive foundation and insulation. They grow in such greenhouses mainly seedlings or crops that require special care conditions.

By mobility, greenhouses can be divided into mobile and stationary. The collapsible type of construction allows you to dismantle the structure, which is convenient for those who work in the country only in the warm season. The second variety is optimal for gardeners who visit sites year-round.

According to the location of the structure, it can be free-standing and adjacent to the building. The second option is also often referred to as a wall greenhouse and provides that the wall of the house acts as a carrier for the greenhouse. Most often, the building attached to the house is shed, not prefabricated and is used in the cold season, which is why it must be equipped with a heating system.

Botanik

Depending on the model, greenhouses can also vary significantly. Thus, Botanik buildings are the only aluminum (do not corrode) structures high level quality from the Russian manufacturer - the company "AlyumVerk". A feature of the company's concept for more than 10 years is the combination of a high-quality reliable assortment and a wide range of additional options. The manufacturer focuses on the weather conditions characteristic of the regions.

Other distinguishing features include:

• quality ventilators own production that guarantee effective ventilation;
• rational compartment type of door that moves to the side, which allows you to increase the usable space for beds;
• extended color range for the frame and sealant of the greenhouse;
• high reliability and rigidity of the structure due to the complexity of the section of profiles and the optimal angle of inclination of the roof;

• durable and effective sealant made of special polymers, the effectiveness of which has been tested in the range from -50º to + 50º;
• the material used prevents the glass from rattling, sealing the entire area of ​​the room;
• the possibility of installing additional options due to the modernized bearing profile, which is a slot design;
• the possibility of using decorative elements of the finish (outflows around the perimeter, ridges on the roof, individual deglazing);
• advanced mounting system.

Basic Models"Botanic".

• "Mini"– with a width of 2.1 m for compact plots or a small number of cultivated plants. The cost is from 40 thousand rubles.
• "Standard" with an optimal width of 2.8 m for two beds. The cost is from 44 thousand rubles.

• "Maximum"– with a width of 3.68 m provides ample working space. The cost is from 53 thousand rubles.

• With tambour "T" allows you to expand the space due to the convenient and prestigious-looking side entrance. The cost is from 108 thousand rubles.

Arrow

Greenhouse "Strelka" - a polycarbonate teardrop-shaped design of the Moscow manufacturer Volya LLC. Thanks to its shape, it prevents the accumulation of precipitation by rolling it off the roof. Manufacturers of the greenhouse "Dachnaya Arrow" point to it unique properties characteristic only for this design, which has no analogues:

• Additional thermal insulation due to the air formed in the cells of the joints of the stiffeners.
• A foundation is not required.

• The polycarbonate coating protects from scorching sunlight, but at the same time transmits a sufficient amount of light. In addition, such a material is quite light, but at the same time impact-resistant, which gives it an advantage over glass structures. Does not require special care.
• The standard height of 2.5 meters allows you to grow not only low plants.
• Designed for heavy weight.
• Comfortable dimensions (width 2.6 or 3 meters) make it possible to maximize the use of all space to accommodate two beds and a passage.

Uralochka

Greenhouse "Uralochka", the leading feature of which is the strength of the metal frame with a coating that protects against corrosion, is manufactured by the Neftekamsk Mechanical Plant. Ease of assembly is also a significant advantage.

Other advantages include:

• durability;
• withstands up to 20 kg per m² of precipitation weight (it is important not to forget to take into account the mass of the coating), which allows you to leave the structure intact for the winter;
• reliable sealing;
• ease of care, does not require special treatment;
• resistance to changes and maintaining the most comfortable temperature inside the greenhouse.

Analyzing user reviews, they note certain shortcomings.

• Behind the ease of assembly is a common mistake of installing a greenhouse without using instructions. In this regard, and there is a majority of negative feedback.
• In the northern regions, due to the load from the snow, there are frequent cases of pipe bending. Apparently, the structures are not designed for such weather conditions. To avoid such situations, spacers from a bar are installed.

Having analyzed the above pros and cons of the Uralochka greenhouse structure, it can be seen that the shortcomings are minor and easily eliminated, especially if you use the instructions during installation.

Innovator

Greenhouses "Novator" - new generation designs from Russian manufacturer NPO "Innovation", meeting all international standards. Such models allow you to build a building that harmoniously fits into the exterior in the maximum compliance with price and quality, and also simplify the process of maintaining the microclimate.

Innovations among varieties of greenhouses.

• The automatic built-in system makes it possible to autonomously water the plants and ventilate the greenhouse. This automation allows you to start the season earlier than usual.
• The partial "independence" of the greenhouse structure increases the amount of free time that can be devoted to other types of summer cottage work, and even to a banal vacation.
• The structure of the greenhouse makes it possible to grow crops even in regions that are not intended for weather conditions. Reviews allow us to say that seedlings in such structures grow even faster and more actively.

Characteristic advantages of the Novator greenhouse.

• An expanded range of designs and types of designs that are delivered with a passport and in the original packaging.
• Resistance to winds and precipitation due to the dimensions and pitch of the profile pipe. Uniform distribution of the load is carried out by installing the support arcs clearly perpendicular to the beams. The arcs are located a meter apart. Therefore, such greenhouses are not afraid of the pressure of snow in winter.
• Ensuring tightness with special seals.
• Two doors with vents are installed in the design of the greenhouse, if necessary, the number of vents can be increased. It is worth noting the presence of built-in locks in the doors.

• Possibility of growing plants that need to be hung.
• The greenhouse can be fixed on the ground with special "anchors", while eliminating the cost of installing the foundation.
• Easy to install design, which is remarkable for beginners.
• The possibility of dividing the space into sections if the plants do not tolerate neighborhoods with each other. For this, special partitions are provided.
• Polycarbonate cover.
• Free height adjustment for different types of crops.

The cost of one of the types of construction of the "Innovator" type - mini-greenhouses made of polycarbonate "Breadwinner" without additional configurations and 1.5 meters wide starts from 5,900 rubles.

Royal

Greenhouse "Royal" is a series of structures of 5 types of different shapes and characteristics. All types can be installed without a foundation. Although its presence, of course, will improve stability and prevent possible subsidence of the structure.

General characteristics.

• The ease of both the design itself and its installation. Without fastening on the foundation, the greenhouse is quite easy to move with the help of a couple of people.
• Durability - manufacturers indicate up to 50 years of service with proper care.

• The use of high-alloy austenitic steel for the manufacture of the frame increases the possible snow load.
• Variations of covering the structure with either polycarbonate material or film.
• If necessary, increase the length by means of special inserts.
• Does not require anti-corrosion treatment.
• Most models are equipped with double arcs for strength.

The Tsarskaya group of structures represents certain models.

• "Fairy tale" straight-walled form with a width of 2.5 to 5 m, a height of 2 m and a length of 2 m. characteristic feature are the two ridges, the straightness of the walls and the domed roof. Withstands rainfall loads up to 750 kg/m².
• "Arrow" has a teardrop shape, width from 2.7 to 3.5 m, height 2.4 m, length from 2 m (multiple of 2). Single and divided arcs in the ridge area. Possible load - up to 650 kg / m².
• "House" arched shape. The widest model is 3 m, 2.1 m high, 2 m long (again, a multiple of 2). The arcs are single, but solid and quite strong. The load is less - 450 kg / m².

• "Dream" also arched with a double arc, due to which the possible load increases to 750 kg / m².
• "Star" the same shape has a width of 2.5 and 3 m, a height of 2.1 m, a length that is a multiple of 2. Due to the double and fully bent arc, the load can be up to 450 kg / m².

Also among all other models there are options for smaller and larger designs. These are the Tsarskaya Malyutka and Tsarskaya ZIL greenhouses. If the parameters of the first are within 2 m in length and width and it is easy to move, then the second is much more powerful than all of the above. The height of such a structure can reach 4 m.

Leader

Greenhouse "Leader" was developed based on the wishes of gardeners.

What is this design:

• the dimensions of the building can vary: 3x12 m, 3x10 m, 3x8 m, 3x6 m, 3x4 m, and 2 m in height;
• profile material is used for the frame steel pipe 25x25x1.5 mm and cellular polycarbonate 4 or 6 mm thick is used;
• it is recommended to install on a foundation made of brickwork, concrete, channel or wooden beam;

• in the basic package, you can optionally add top modular vents or partitions to divide the frame into two parts;
• in windy weather, special holders are especially practical;
• doorways as standard for a 3x4 m frame - one, and for large greenhouse parameters, two modules are provided.

Contaminants from the surface of the greenhouse are removed exclusively with a cotton cloth using detergents and water. Otherwise, dry wiping damages the protective layer of the coating. Detergents in their composition should not contain chlorine, ammonia and caustic alkali. Car paint should be used on the damaged area of ​​the coating to prevent corrosion of the metal.

Dismantling for the winter is not carried out if it is known that the height of the snow cover near the structure will not exceed more than half a meter, and on top of the greenhouse on cellular polycarbonate - no more than 10 cm. In other conditions, regular snow sweeping will be necessary, otherwise this may lead to to deformation or even destruction of the frame and coating. It is worth remembering that the snow load of the structure is no more than 20 kg / m² with wind speeds up to 15 m / s.

An essential advantage of Leader greenhouses is the possibility of easy transportation.

Largusha

Greenhouse "Largusha" from the manufacturer "Largo Enterprise" is elementary in installation, as it has the optimal number of parts and does not need to be installed on the foundation.

Other design features:

• greenhouse dimensions - 3x6x2 m or 3x4x2 m;

• durable polymer coating on a steel profile pipe as a frame;
• the absence of a foundation is compensated by special reliable lugs;
• tightness of all connections;
• the presence of two doors and two vents;
• the use of a durable reinforced film for a canopy that can withstand temperature fluctuations from -50Cº to + 80Cº;

The cost of a smaller model of Largusha greenhouses is from 7 thousand, a larger one - from 16 thousand rubles.

Orange

Greenhouse "Orange" - easy to install, but at the same time a reliable design, in demand for more than 5 years. The shape of the greenhouse is an oblong dome with transverse arcs. A significant space for growing seedlings is associated with the parameters of the structure - 4x3, 6x3, 8x3, 10x3 and a height of just over 2 m.

One of the most important points when choosing a greenhouse is the reliability of the frame. Structures "Orange" are distinguished by high-quality bearing coatings made of Cherepovets steel coated with polycarbonate. The thickness of the zinc layer on the metal is twice that of other manufacturers. The rigidity of the profile is given by a closed crimp seam of the pipe.

The second stiffening rib is the arched structure on the reverse side of the profile.

A significant feature of the device is the door module, which consists of two wings. At the locations of doors and vents, a special reinforcement is installed to prevent rapid wear.

Polycarbonate coating does not require special care or treatment.

It is possible to extend the greenhouse with inserts by 2 m. The average cost of the Orange greenhouse with polycarbonate of the smallest size starts from 16 thousand rubles.

Eco

Greenhouses "Eco" from the most popular manufacturer "EcoGreenhouses" guarantee the maximum efficient cultivation environmentally friendly products due to natural light, water, temperature and natural fertilizers. The design feature is the use of a special technology without welding seams, which allows you to protect the metal from corrosion.

Other characteristics of Eco greenhouses include:

• long service life (almost 2 times) in comparison with similar structures;
• polycarbonate with UV protection;

• spacious doorways and vents;
• combination of reasonable cost with quality;
• easy installation.

Advantages and disadvantages

Sharp frosts in spring or autumn, rainy summers, harsh and long winters adversely affect plantings. That's why obvious advantage greenhouse structures is, of course, the protection of the crop from the variability of weather conditions.

In addition, today there is a huge selection of ready-made greenhouse options that are elementary in installation and do not require the participation of specialists. It’s easier, because you don’t have to make the same arcs, equipment, stocks and pipe benders on your own. However, there are drawbacks to such structures.

Traditionally, greenhouses are made in an arched shape and covered with cellular polycarbonate. This choice of form is justified not by the optimality of the design, but by the convenience of manufacturing for the manufacturer. For this, a sheet of 6 m is taken and bent into a semicircle. Thus, with a width of 3.8 m, the height of the greenhouse is 1.9 m, which is not so much, so often the greenhouse has to be installed on a high plinth.

The reflective property of polycarbonate affects the loss of the necessary sunlight. The arched structure in this matter is inferior to greenhouses with flat surfaces, which are focused on the perception of light. This form of the greenhouse reflects a much greater amount of heat, which is why such structures are characterized by a significant shine in the sun, but in places of reflection the required amount of light does not get inside.

Another significant disadvantage of finished polycarbonate greenhouses is complete transparency on both sides, as a result of which the heat that enters from the south side simply exits from the other. In homemade designs, the sun's rays remain inside the greenhouse, heading towards the plants.

Forms

Greenhouse designs in shape have the following varieties:

• single or gable with vertical walls;
• arched;
• polygonal;
• greenhouse-pyramid;
• domed.

Single and double

One of the most common designs are single-slope and gable greenhouses. The first can be built right next to the house or any outbuilding so that one of the walls of the house and the greenhouse are combined. This form allows you to reduce the cost of the structure frame and thermal insulation, since the bearing wall of the greenhouse, in combination with the wall of the house, whether it is made of brick, wood and concrete, in any case, transmits less heat than film or glass. The disadvantages of the structure may be the accumulation of precipitation due to the shape of the structure and the reduction of lighting. Therefore, when installing, it is important to take into account the position of the greenhouse relative to the sunny side, excluding the option of placing it on the north side. A shed greenhouse with a removable roof is also common, allowing, if necessary, to remove individual parts of the roof.

An example of a shed roof is Ivanov's vegetarian, which was developed by a school physics teacher. The slope of such a roof is about 20º, and a blank back wall plays the role of a reflective screen.

The gable greenhouse consists of two vertical and two end walls connected by inclined planes. Such a square or rectangular structure is called a "house". It is worth noting the significant weight of the possible load on the structure. Also, the advantages are the ease of installation of the ventilation system and the suitability for growing fairly tall plants throughout the greenhouse area. As a frame material, you can use both wood and metal and brick.

The complexity of installation and significant costs for materials are the main disadvantages of a gable design.

Arched

Arched greenhouse - the most economical option. And it's all about the shape of the structure, which does without sharp corners, and therefore the amount of covering material is significantly reduced. Thanks to this, arched greenhouses are also famous for their longevity. Also important feature is the best wind resistance. Most often, such structures are purchased already in finished form, since self-construction is quite laborious.

Flaws:

• Possible cracks due to snow load. This form pours snow down much worse and often has to be cleaned.
• Limited placement of shelves and racks indoors due to the shape of the structure.
• Difficulty in accessing the outer rows.

One of the varieties of the arched structure is a teardrop shape. It is a cross between gable and arched greenhouses. Thanks to the connection of the roof slopes at an acute angle, the structure is reliable, and precipitation does not linger on it.

Polygonal

Polygonal (often octagonal) the design is not used so often, despite its significant advantages:

• attractive and effective appearance;
• high light transmission;
• strength.

The disadvantages are the complexity of installation and the high costs of both the material and the ventilation system, which will require the development of a drawing. In addition, it is quite difficult to maintain a stable temperature.

The project of such a greenhouse was created to improve the process of light scattering in a glass structure.

Greenhouse-pyramid

A pyramid greenhouse is quite rare and, rather, in experimental or design ideas. The originality of the design is combined with the complexity of installation.

Dome

An innovation is the dome model of the greenhouse. It is a structure with interconnected triangular elements.

In addition to the unusual appearance, the advantages of this model are:

• diffuses light much better;
• heat resistant;
• does not need supports and foundations, since the coating itself is self-supporting;

• wind resistance due to aerodynamic shape and wide base;
• practical arrangement of beds;
• a high round greenhouse allows you to be in it to your full height;
• the ability to raise the beds higher, which is especially important for older gardeners;
• slight weight.

The intricacy of installation and the problem of exploiting the entire space are serious disadvantages of a round design. The reviews also speak of the difficulties of entering the greenhouse with a wheelbarrow.

Dimensions

Greenhouse structures come in a variety of shapes and sizes.

When choosing an option for a garden, you should focus on the following points:

• the total area of ​​the site;
• what crop will be grown and its maximum height;
• comfortable accommodation in all human growth;
• purpose of the building: industrial economy or for personal use;
• affordable construction costs.

The parameters of the greenhouse determine 3 values: width, height and length.

The primary indicator is the width. Both the convenience of those who will work in the greenhouse and the comfort of the plants themselves depend on this value. Moreover, when calculating, it is necessary to take into account the width of the door, the average of which is 57-62 cm. If desired, racks 98-108 cm wide can be mounted in the greenhouse. It is worth taking into account the parameters of the passage between the beds, the optimal width of which is at least 60 cm .

Thus, adding up all the indicators, the minimum width of the greenhouse structure will be:

57+98+60 = 215 cm

The next indicator is the length of the greenhouse. If the choice fell on an already finished structure, then the best option would be a length equal to the polycarbonate sheet from which the structure is being built - 200-210 cm. 10-15 cm of the greenhouse walls are added to this parameter. When planting plants in rack pallets, it will be more efficient to build a short greenhouse to maintain an optimal climate.

The height of the greenhouse depends on how much materials are available, if the construction will be carried out with your own hands without the involvement of third-party companies. The optimally comfortable parameters are considered to be a gap of 180-200 cm. In the event that even if the height of the plants themselves is up to 50 cm, in such conditions you will not have to stand bent over.

It is worth remembering that large structures require significant costs not only for construction, but also for heating. In addition, the kits of some ready-made greenhouses include special enlargers, if suddenly the design parameters have become too small.

materials

In order to withstand weather conditions such as wind, snow, rain and temperature changes, greenhouse frames must be built from very strong material and covered with a high-quality coating.

Tree

The first frames were made of wood. Due to its reasonable cost and ease of processing, this material was quite popular. In addition, wooden buildings have low thermal conductivity. But the significant disadvantages of such structures are a high risk of fire and a short service life. Although it is possible to use various antiseptics and choose less whimsical wood (larch, spruce, pine, etc.)

Metal

A lot of positive feedback have metal frames. Galvanized or painted construction will last a long time and is easy to install. However, behind such advantages lies a predisposition to corrosion and high thermal conductivity.

Material such as aluminum does not corrode. Lightness, durability and strength are second only to the high cost and the same thermal conductivity characteristic of metal.

Does not threaten corrosion of fiberglass fittings. A frame made of such material is lightweight and requires a minimum construction time (depending on the parameters - about an hour). Despite the flexibility of the reinforcement, the structure is reliable and durable. Does not require a foundation.

As a building material, greenhouses are chosen composite reinforcement diameter from 6 mm to 8 mm.

As a material for covering greenhouses use:

• film;
• glass;
• polycarbonate.

Film

Of course, the most affordable in terms of cost and self-assembly is the film. A roll of greenhouse cover 100 m long and 4 m wide will cost up to 5,000 rubles.

The benefits also include:

• lightness and mobility;
• not necessarily the presence of a foundation;
• transmits the optimal amount of ultraviolet light.

Unfortunately, this is where the pros end, giving way to quite significant disadvantages:

• the film is unreliable and quickly damaged;
• the cold adversely affects this material - after the winter, the greenhouse often has to be covered again.

However, if these shortcomings do not frighten, then to cover the greenhouse with polyethylene material you will need:

• the film itself;
• slats;
• screwdriver;
• furniture stapler.

Glass

Glass structures are more durable and, on the one hand, stronger than films, but they are subject to both physical influences and temperature differences in the greenhouse itself and outside it. Possible overheating indoors during the hot season. The minimum glass thickness is 4 mm. And by improving the lighting of the greenhouse due to large frames, heating costs also increase. In addition, the very transportation of such a fragile coating is quite laborious, not to mention the glazing. After all, the load from the weight of the glass must correspond to the parameters of the frame.

Among positive sides such material can be noted:

• optimal thermal insulation;
• high light transmission.

A set of 4 mm thick glasses for a structure with an area of ​​12.6 m², including accessories for windows, doors and partitions, will cost 21 thousand rubles.

Polycarbonate

Today, polycarbonate is an innovative material. It is a fairly hard, colorless plastic that can even be remelted several times.

Polycarbonate greenhouses have clear advantages over the above coatings:

• it is light and flexible material;
• pleasant appearance;
• reliability - they are almost 200 times stronger than glass;
• are not affected by temperature changes and weather conditions;
• fire resistant;

• perfectly retain heat:
• 16 times lighter than glass;
• light transmission up to 86% and light scattering over the entire area of ​​the greenhouse;
• reliable sound insulation;
• durability;
• are not subject to physical influences;
• protected from UV rays.

Among the negative qualities, if they can be called that, we can note:

• mandatory installation on the foundation;
• due to the hollow structure, they are prone to dirt ingress, which worsens the light transmission function and appearance;
• if the sheets are not positioned correctly (with UV protection inside), the operating time is reduced.

However, given all these features during installation, it is quite possible to do without damage and operate a polycarbonate greenhouse for a long time.

There are several varieties of such material on the modern market:

• cheaper Chinese products of poor quality;
• strong and durable European polycarbonate, which, of course, differs in cost.

The price of cellular polycarbonate with a thickness of 4 mm is from 148 rubles per m².

Equipment

Innovative technologies allow today to equip a greenhouse with the latest technology, facilitating the work of gardeners as much as possible. This not only eliminates a lot of trouble, but also increases productivity by 15-30%.

The following systems are involved in creating optimal conditions in the greenhouse:

• heating;
• glaze;
• lighting;
• ventilation.

The fundamental difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse is the presence of an artificial heating system.

The principle of the heating system can be based on the following options:

• Electrical equipment is a set of an electric heater, a heater device and a variety of convection systems. Behind the high efficiency of this method of heating the greenhouse, high energy costs are hidden. Therefore, in such cases, to save money, install autonomous power sources, such as a solar vacuum collector.
• Aerial equipment is considered a professional installation. This is a standard ventilation system that is installed together with the installation of a greenhouse structure. In this case, air enters both the upper and lower parts of the structure, thereby protecting the planting from thermal burns.

• Infrared equipment significantly reduces the cost of electricity, while the heated air masses are distributed as evenly as possible. Such devices are mounted around the entire perimeter of the greenhouse, due to which the heat loss coefficient is reduced.
• Gas equipment is an ideal ratio of price and quality. With this method of heating, a gas generator is used, which supplies warm air heated inside to a specific section of the structure.

Equally important is the quality of the irrigation system of the beds.

Among the ready-made kits, there are several types.

• subsoil watering considered the most practical when using a well, but this option very time consuming and often does not justify itself. For this method, an intrawell system is equipped using any water container, watering can, hose and measuring device. The type of culture influences the depth of the system.
• Drip irrigation involves the use of pipes and special droppers. It is more expedient to choose pipes made of polyethylene or polypropylene, although a metal pipeline is also possible. The basis of the design is a centralized water supply or a well with the mandatory use of a pump. Often such a system is used when irrigating beds in open ground.

• Automatic option irrigation of plants is most often used in industrial volumes. It is a complex design of a large number of pipes, hoses, droppers and an automatic water supply control panel.
• Widespread and so-called semi-automatic option irrigation. It is based on the use of plastic bottles. The undoubted advantage of such a system is minimum costs and short settling time. The standard volume of bottles used is 1-2 liters, on average it lasts 2-3 days, depending on weather conditions and the moisture needs of plants.

To install such a system you will need:

1. directly themselves plastic bottles;
2. scissors;
3. needle;
4. a piece of gauze, cotton fabric or nylon;
5. shovel.

The ideal microclimate in a greenhouse design will allow you to create a fogger, regardless of whether artificial or natural ventilation is installed. Humidification occurs due to the spraying of water under pressure up to 100 atmospheres. The water particles formed by the nozzles, with a diameter not exceeding 10 microns, hang in the air, thereby creating a fog effect.

These systems have the advantage over standard irrigation systems in that they are ideal for sensitive crops, improving seed germination and stimulating growth. In addition, performance is ensured regardless of the time of year.

Pros of a fogger:

• minimizing the cost of water and electricity;
• increasing the productivity of the greenhouse structure;
• maintaining an optimal level of humidity;
• acceleration of plant growth;
• reduced need for watering;
• stable microclimate;
• minimizes human work.

Light plays a key role in the process of growing plants. That is why the most illuminated places are selected during the construction of the greenhouse. However, even with an ideal location, you cannot do without an artificial lighting system to improve the yield. This is especially true for areas with short daylight hours.

Several devices serve as a material that compensates for the lack of light.

• Standard incandescent lamps are allowed only when growing greenhouse greens and are strictly prohibited for seedlings of cucumbers and tomatoes. It's all about the infrared type of radiation, which is dangerous for deformation and even burns during prolonged interaction with plants. The recommended time of use is no more than 15 hours.
• Mercury lamps have significant heating and limited time of use. In addition, in the near propagation spectrum, they emit a large number of ultraviolet.

• Fluorescent lighting fixtures are the most common for greenhouses. They are famous for their economy and durability. True, the heat transfer parameters are not sufficiently acceptable.
• Competitive sodium lamps compensate for the lack of heat transfer. Their yellow-orange monochromatic light field has a beneficial effect on the development of planted plants in the greenhouse. Fairly economical option.
• One of the most expensive options is LED lighting. Opinions on the arrangement of such devices in the greenhouse vary greatly, since due to the directionality of the radiation, quite a lot of lighting points are required.
• Metal halide lamps are the best option. For their durability, they cost quite a bit. In addition, their significant plus is in indicators corresponding to natural light.

It is quite obvious that for a full-fledged air exchange in a greenhouse, it is not enough just to install several vents, especially if the structure is quite large. It is desirable to equip a forced ventilation system. The hydraulic cylinder will automate the ventilation process.

For installation you will need:

• vents from all ends of the greenhouse and on the roof;
• openings on top for ventilation;
• special sensors;
• automatic control panel;
• circulation fans.

The system will maintain the optimum temperature, if necessary, open and close the windows, ensure the circulation of fresh air. The principle of operation is based on the movement of the piston due to the expansion of the liquid when exposed to heat. When the temperature drops, the hydraulic cylinder is activated by the initial position of the liquid, closing the window. Of course, the cost of such a device is high, but these costs are quite reasonable.

Suitable as a fluid in a hydraulic cylinder automotive oil or flush composition.

Manufacturers

Even at first glance, one can notice a palpable contrast between the domestic greenhouse design produced at the factory and the Chinese attempt at plagiarism. A poor-quality greenhouse base is very thin and easily bent.

To select quality products, we present you a rating of popular modern Russian manufacturers.

"Will" is a company from the city of Dubna. Reviews point to such high-quality models as Dachnaya-Arrow, Dvushka and Optima. Branches are located in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov, Samara, Sverdlovsk regions.

A reliable design is offered by the manufacturer from the capital "New Forms". The modern popular collection of models is represented by the Bogatyr, Skazka, Kremlin Suite and Zvezda models.

The manufacturer from Nizhny Novgorod TD "Urozhay" is known throughout Russia. The best models are Harvest-PC and Harvest Elite-Absolute.

The Neftekamsk plant is famous for the quality and reliability of the structures of the Uralochka greenhouse. The manufacturer's branches are represented in most of the largest cities in Russia.

When choosing a greenhouse structure, attention should be paid not only to the manufacturer, but also to some factors.

• It is worth deciding whether to build a greenhouse yourself or choose already finished models. Giving preference to the second option, it is important to check the configuration of the structure. It should include not only the frame and coating material, but also seals, doors and vents.
• Decide what goals are pursued in the construction of such a building: it will be the production volume of growing flowers or a simple household for the cultivation of fresh fruits and vegetables, since the size and even shape of the greenhouse depends on this. For example, the best floral structures are built with shed roofs and with a lower south side.

• The next step is to determine which plants will be in the beds, given the fact that not all crops can get along with each other. So, the beds of pepper and cucumbers will comfortably coexist, but next to the tomatoes, planting both of them is undesirable.
• Next, pay attention to the choice of material for covering the frame. In addition, the foundation cannot be ignored, although the foundation of the greenhouse is not necessary in all cases.
• And, of course, you need to decide what functionality the future design will have - a ventilation system, automatic irrigation and heating.

How to assemble by yourself?

The instructions for installing a greenhouse with your own hands are quite simple:

• clearing the place for the foundation and installation of a wooden screed;
• base installation;
• the creation of the frame must begin from the end side;
• door and window frames are mounted on hinges;
• end elements are equipped with holes of 30-40 cm;

• sheathing also starts from the end side - the polycarbonate sheet is installed so that the edge is flush with the left vertical stand of the end. For fastening, a self-tapping screw with a rubberized cap is used;
• do not forget about the arrangement of vents for ventilation, which are most often located in the door;
• installation of accessories;
• collection of the second end part of the greenhouse;

• installation of arcs for jumpers, measuring the place for them from the middle of the arc in steps of 90 cm;
• mounting cross elements on arcs and mounting the latter with jumpers;
• fastening the ends to the greenhouse box with T-shaped elements;
• then you need to make holes in the arcs every 40 cm;
• sheathing of the remaining parts of the greenhouse.

Successful Options

• A typical example of a polycarbonate greenhouse structure.
• Unusual multi-level slopes will brightly fit into the exterior of the site.

• Beautiful options with transparent polycarbonate.
• Teardrop model of a greenhouse.

• Designs from window frames look extraordinary.
• The most comfortable for work models with a sliding roof.

• Large-scale year-round buildings.
• New industrial developments.

• Mobile greenhouse vehicle.
• An attached version of a shed building.

Each owner of a private house has a personal plot that is suitable for growing vegetables. Some of them do not like direct sunlight and dry land. Their watering also has different requirements. When using the open method, it is not always possible to create all the conditions necessary for growing these crops. An alternative and very convenient option for this is a greenhouse in a country house or a personal plot.

Being engaged in agriculture, we gradually came to such a convenient method as growing vegetables and berries in a greenhouse. It allows you to create the microclimate necessary for our capricious plants in an enclosed space.

The designs of greenhouses allow us to protect the culture we cherish both from the scorching heat and from severe frosts. Indoors, certain conditions are created in which it is easy to maintain the same state for a long time.

There are many types of greenhouses you can use. They are different in appearance, principles of operation, size and building materials from which they are built. Also, greenhouses that we build on our own can have a variety of forms.

The main forms of greenhouse structures:

• hemisphere;
• Pyramid;
• oval shape;
• Rectangular;
• Smooth;
• Trapezoidal shape.

The most common is the oval shape, because it is the easiest to manufacture.

Making a greenhouse: do-it-yourself optimal design

The manufacture of a greenhouse can be the most diverse. You can buy ready-made greenhouse parts in the store and assemble it yourself at home, or you can search for unnecessary building materials on your site and build a greenhouse structure. You can use everything that is at hand: boards, glass, old furniture, film, plastic bottles, boxes. Picking up necessary material, draw a drawing and build. A homemade greenhouse is not as correct, but it is cheaper.

Greenhouses, the optimal design of which is made by hand, are the best. They are often talked about in television programs about agriculture and vegetable growing. There is also a lot of information about them in magazines and other periodicals.

You should not spend a lot of money on the purchase of the necessary building materials for such greenhouses. There are always a lot of different items in summer cottages and personal plots. Look around, think, and you will definitely find almost all the materials necessary for the construction of this structure.

Do-it-yourself building material for building a greenhouse can be:

• Wooden plank;
• Reinforcement rod;
• Not a thin hazel;
• PVC pipes;
• Steel corner;
• Large mesh.
• Old window frame;
• glass sheet;
• Polycarbonate sheets;
• Dense greenhouse film.

When building such a greenhouse, you must first make a frame of the desired shape, and sheathe it with a covering material.

The device of the greenhouse: its difference from the greenhouse

Unlike its brother, a greenhouse, a proper greenhouse is a different structure. It is more expensive and durable. A more careful and balanced approach is needed for the construction of a greenhouse. The material for its construction should be chosen one that can last a long time. And it works differently.

The device of the greenhouse is such that it is mostly a capital stationary structure that can be used in any cold season. It requires compliance with special rules during its construction.

A greenhouse differs from a greenhouse in that it is installed in one place. Whereas you can move a greenhouse to different places on your land.

Other differences:

• Even a simple greenhouse is usually much larger than a greenhouse;
• The frame of the greenhouse is done thoroughly, taking into account that it will remain in place all year round;
• Often the greenhouse is placed on a prepared foundation;
• The coating of the greenhouse is made reliable and of high quality. This is to ensure that she has the opportunity to serve us for a long time.

If you decide to build a large greenhouse on your site, then you should prepare for the fact that this design will require a lot of time and effort from you.

Do-it-yourself components of a greenhouse or greenhouse: device and maintenance

To properly build a greenhouse or greenhouse, you need to have special knowledge, both construction and agricultural. The device of the greenhouse is different from the device of greenhouses. If greenhouses are temporary structures, small in size, then greenhouse structures are large stationary structures that can occupy a large area of ​​\u200b\u200bland.

Do-it-yourself greenhouse device - whole system various processes, which are collected together in one large design. All these processes are aimed at providing the conditions necessary for growing plants.

In view of the fact that greenhouses require frequent presence from us, this home-made design must be of high quality, in compliance with safety rules.

Greenhouse design includes:

• Foundation;
• frame;
• Roof;
• cover sheet;
• Irrigation tank;
• brackets;
• Vents or transoms for ventilation;
• soil as a floor;
• Door;
• Electrical wires, lighting;
• Heating system.

If the greenhouse area is large, then try to make doors on both sides. This method will give you the opportunity not to cross the entire greenhouse with containers when harvesting, and will make it easier for you to improve the greenhouse.

Arched greenhouse structures: their pros and cons

The appearance of the greenhouse comes from the shape of the roof of the building. The roof, in turn, depends on the type of building material that was used to build the frame. Material compatibility is also important. It is not advisable to cover greenhouses made of wood with polycarbonate, and those made of film should be pulled over a frame of steel reinforcement.

The designs of greenhouses with an arched roof are quite new. They note a number of advantages over other types of greenhouses. If you want to build a new greenhouse, then you should think about whether to put a greenhouse in the form of an arch on your site.

These greenhouses are the best. They are well suited for the construction of structures made of polycarbonate, or dense greenhouse film. Very often, according to the type of such arched greenhouses, small greenhouses are built for growing all types of seedlings. Arched greenhouses are also suitable for winter greenhouse equipment.

Advantages of an arched greenhouse:

• Almost no snow accumulates on the arched roof;
• The arched shape has very good windability;
• Through the arched roof, daylight is scattered in an arcuate manner, and this has a good effect on the fruiting and growth of plants;
• Cellular polycarbonate can withstand heavy loads very easily;
• The arrangement of honeycomb sheets contributes to good thermal insulation;
• It is more practical than greenhouses, which have other forms;
• To build it, it is not necessary to build a foundation;
• She has a beautiful, aesthetic appearance.

If modern irrigation and heating are made in an arched greenhouse, then such a greenhouse will become not only beautiful, but also very productive. In the arrangement of the greenhouse, special importance must be given to electrical work. The method and quality of lighting is very important when growing vegetables, as well as heating, the principle of operation of which, often, is electric heating elements. In view of this, the construction of a greenhouse must begin with the arrangement of an electrical interchange.

Modern designs of greenhouses and their types (video)

Each of us has our own hobbies, occupations and activities. Someone is happy to stand at the machine, and someone really likes to work on the ground and grow vegetables. If you also have a desire to devote yourself to gardening and growing vegetables in a greenhouse, study this topic thoroughly, view pdf photos and videos. They will help you better understand this process.

Examples of landscaping a greenhouse (photo ideas)

Every gardener knows what a greenhouse is and why it is needed. But there are many types of these indispensable helpers in growing crops. Therefore, when choosing a greenhouse, questions inevitably arise about which one is more reliable and convenient.

Manufacturers offer different options for these designs, which differ in shape, material of manufacture, degree of light transmission. There are many nuances to consider when choosing. Knowing these subtleties will help you find the greenhouse that will serve flawlessly for many years.

Any greenhouse is a simple structure, which consists of two main elements - a frame and an awning. In most cases, they are sold separately, but there are options for ready-made designs in which the manufacturer provides literally every little thing.

In any case, the choice of a greenhouse is carried out according to two main parameters:

• frame;
• covering material.

First of all, you need to decide on the shape of the greenhouse. The market offers many models from domestic and foreign manufacturers.

There are the following types of structures:

• with vertical walls;
• with sloping walls;
• arched;
• lean-to;
• gable;
• with a mansard roof.

The choice is wide. You can find exactly the option that suits in all respects. One of the most important criteria choice - the convenience of the greenhouse. And here the summer resident is offered a lot of opportunities to minimize labor costs for growing crops. "Smart" greenhouse will perform most of the tasks of ventilation, watering, heating. You can choose a model with the set of functions that is necessary for a particular climate and site.

Prices for covering material

covering material

Types of coating for greenhouses

There are only three types of coating for greenhouses. All of them are able to qualitatively perform the main task - to protect plants from harmful effects for them. environment.

Coatings are made from:

• polycarbonate;
• glass;
• polyethylene film.

What is good polycarbonate

The most reliable material for greenhouses -. This is a light-transmitting multilayer material, the structure of which in the section resembles a honeycomb, which is why it is called honeycomb.

There is another type of this material - monolithic. But it is not used in the construction of greenhouses for the reason that it does not meet all the requirements for these structures.

Important! Monolithic has a much greater weight and does not have the light transmission capacity that is so necessary for growing crops. Therefore, it is never considered as a covering material for the greenhouse frame.

Cellular polycarbonate, due to its hollow structure, is able to retain heat well. The reason is that there is air in the space between the "honeycombs". It is he who is the best heat accumulator. Therefore, polycarbonate structures are the “warmest”. For gardeners living in regions with a harsh climate, this is a decisive factor when choosing a greenhouse.

Cellular polycarbonate is a sheet material, but it can be rolled into rolls, which are most convenient for transportation. Roll diameter depends on . The thinner it is, the easier it is to roll. However, even with a 4 mm thick web, the roll will be quite voluminous - with a diameter of 1.5 to 1.6 m. If the permissible bending radius is exceeded, the structure of the material can be damaged.

To cover the frames of greenhouses, polycarbonate with a thickness of 4 to 10 mm is suitable. It should be noted that the thicker the canvas, the greater their weight. Not every frame is able to withstand the load that a 10 mm polycarbonate coating will create. Considering that in winter period snow load must be added to this indicator, the requirements for the strength and stability of the frame increase many times. The optimal choice for medium-sized greenhouses is 4- or 6-mm polycarbonate.

Table. Main specifications cellular polycarbonate, which must be considered when choosing.

Web thickness	Weight (kg/m2)	Light transmittance of the white transparent sheet (%)	Light transmittance of white matte canvas (%)	Light transmittance of colored fabric (%)	Thermal conductivity (W/m2 °C)
4 mm	0,8	82	52	42	3,6
6 mm	1,3	82	58	35	3,5
8 mm	1,5	80	54	35	3,3
10 mm	1,7	76	48	32	2,4

The average service life of polycarbonate greenhouses is 15 years. These are the most durable and reliable designs of all existing ones.

Polycarbonate prices

cellular polycarbonate

Advantages and disadvantages of glass greenhouses

Glass is an inflexible material, therefore it is only suitable for single-slope and dual-slope structures. - classics of the genre. You can easily assemble it yourself from used materials. Therefore, the main advantage of these structures is budget.

But glass has other advantages that gardeners have long appreciated. Greenhouses with such a coating are able to withstand significant weight loads. A cracked or broken part can be quickly replaced. The main advantage of glass is its transparency. Plants in such a greenhouse will not suffer from a lack of light.

Important! There are glass greenhouses and "cons". This is fragility, the need for careful handling, rather high requirements for the strength of the frame.

What is convenient polyethylene awning

The most popular material for covering greenhouses is polyethylene. If earlier the choice was unambiguous (dense polyethylene), today you can choose from several types of this material.

In any store for gardeners you can find such films:

• light stabilized;
• light scattering;
• copolymer ethylene vinyl citate;
• polyvinyl chloride (cellophane);
• foamed.

Each of these materials can be used to build a greenhouse and a greenhouse. But when choosing, you need to pay attention to the characteristics. For regions with snowy winters optimal choice- reinforced film.

The Russian market offers products from Turkish, Korean and domestic manufacturers. How are these materials different? Foreign companies produce a film with polyethylene reinforcement, and Russian - from a high-strength polypropylene mesh. Therefore, domestic products are stronger and more durable.

Cellophane film has the highest light transmission. But this material has the least strength of all the others, therefore it is only suitable for temporary or one-year structures.

The stabilized film is able to reflect heat into the greenhouse or greenhouse. This property is taken into account when constructing shelters for seedlings. Antifog, which is part of the film, prevents the formation of condensation on the outer surface of the tent.

Light-diffusing film is capable of reflecting UV and IR rays. This ensures the maximum possible protection of plants from the negative effects of the environment. The phosphors included in the film make it possible to obtain uniform illumination of the internal space of the greenhouse.

The most durable of the films is copolymer. It flawlessly withstands winds of 18-20 m/s. Another advantage is frost resistance. The copolymer film does not crack at temperatures up to -80 ° C, so this material is chosen for the construction of greenhouses in areas with a cold and windy climate.

The foamed film is two-layer. One layer is dense and smooth, the second is porous. The space in the cells of the second layer is filled with air. Therefore, the foamed film has a rather low thermal conductivity. This is an important indicator for greenhouses. But this material also has its drawback: low light transmission. Therefore, the foam film is chosen for the construction of shelters in areas with a large number of sunny days.

Prices for PVC film for greenhouses

PVC film for greenhouses

Greenhouse frames

Frames for greenhouses are made of steel and aluminum. When constructing home-made structures, wooden blocks are often used. What should you pay attention to when choosing the material from which the frame is made?

1. For the presence of a protective coating on steel frames. If it is absent, already in the second year of operation of the greenhouse, the first signs of rust can be noticed. This design will not last long. Frames of this type are made mainly of galvanized steel.

When choosing an aluminum base, you need to make sure that this material is anodized. This means that there is a thin film on the metal surface that protects against moisture. This reduces the likelihood of corrosion.

Many manufacturers offer greenhouses with frames painted with powder paints. This good decision to ensure the durability of the structure. Regardless of how the metal is processed, aluminum frames are almost twice as expensive as steel frames. This is due to the lighter weight of the former and their maximum resistance to corrosion.

However, aluminum frames have one significant drawback. Frames made of this material are unable to withstand significant weight loads from the severity of certain types of coatings, as well as from snow. Therefore, in the spring you can often see greenhouses that have overwintered on the site, the racks of which are curved. This suggests that the owner did not take into account the climatic features of his region when choosing a design.

An alternative option is a wooden frame for a greenhouse

Types of frame structures

There are two main types of greenhouse frame structures:

• stationary;
• collapsible.

The former are optimal for those who are often in the country, regardless of the season. Collapsible structures are chosen by those gardeners who visit their site only during the warm season. In this case, it makes sense to buy exactly those greenhouses that can be dismantled and stored before the start of the next season. Thus, you will not be afraid for the safety of your property.

Prices and quality

The most affordable are small greenhouses (up to 5 m 2) with a polyethylene awning and a frame made of steel painted with powder dye - 8-10 thousand rubles. The same structures, but with a polycarbonate coating, will cost about 50% more - up to 15 thousand rubles. The most expensive are glass greenhouses. These structures are mounted only on the basis of reliable steel frames. A glass greenhouse with an area of ​​​​up to 5 m 2 will cost a little more than 20 thousand rubles.

The price depends on various parameters - in particular, on:

• the presence or absence of windows to ventilate the interior of the greenhouse;
• number of doors
• thickness and type of coating;
• frame material;
• construction forms.

They consider the most practical and high-quality. They are almost 200 times stronger and more reliable than glass ones. The smallest number of positive reviews about polyethylene greenhouses. They serve, as a rule, no more than 1-2 summer seasons.

Greenhouse forms

Greenhouses can be absolutely any shape, length and configuration. The frames of stationary structures are made as follows: steel profiles are welded together and the corners and joints are reinforced. All greenhouse manufacturers offer the service of manufacturing these products according to the dimensions and sketches of the customer. Therefore, it is not difficult to obtain a design of exactly the shape and size that is needed.

Arch type greenhouses

The arched form is the most successful for several reasons.

1. It does not form a high layer of snow. This ensures the safety of the covering material.
2. The arched shape implies a minimum number of seams and joints. This gives the design the greatest reliability in operation.
3. Greenhouses of this form are resistant to winds.
4. Finally, such structures are easy to install and can be easily extended in length.

But in spite of everything, arched structures cannot be called perfect. They also have their drawbacks. The main one is a smaller amount of internal space than rectangular greenhouses. Another disadvantage is that for structures with a height of more than 2 meters, the installation of reinforcing beams is required.

The most popular models of arched greenhouses:

• "People's";
• "Nurse";
• "Sun";
• "Rostock";
• "Orange";
• "Oasis".

Greenhouse "Alpha"

Alfa greenhouse prices

greenhouse Alpha

Shed greenhouses

This type of structures is classified as extension. Shed greenhouses are convenient in that they can be placed in close proximity to the walls of any country house - a house, a summer kitchen, a fold, a barn. This is the main advantage of this type of structure. But it is also the main disadvantage. The fact is that in such rooms only one-sided illumination is possible. Therefore, a significant part of the daylight hours the plants will be in the shade. However, this is not always bad. If a gardener grows shade-loving crops, a shed greenhouse is one of the best choices for him. This design will save space on the site and perform the main work of shading the plants.

This type of structure can be covered with any material - polycarbonate, glass, polyethylene film. The frame can also be anything. For homemade structures, an excellent solution is wooden bars. But they will need to be covered with a moisture and bioprotective solution. You can choose any: "Senezh Ognebio" and "Senezh Ognebio Prof", "Neomid 450", "Pirilax".

Gable greenhouses

Gable greenhouses can be safely classified as universal and traditional.

There are two options for these designs:

• with walls located at right angles to the surface of the earth;
• with walls located at an obtuse angle to the surface of the earth.

The first option is classic. Summer residents call such greenhouses "houses".

These structures are built much more often for several reasons:

• they are easy to install;
• allow the use of any covering material;
• on slopes, you can easily and simply mount vents for ventilation;
• installation of the door will not cause difficulties;
• you can choose any angle of the slope of the slopes and any height of the ridge;
• there is no need for a snow protection device, since snow will not linger on a peaked roof;
• wooden bars of any section are suitable for mounting the frame.

Important! If the greenhouse is small in size and weight, it can be installed directly on the ground without building a foundation.

But these structures also have their drawbacks. The first is that the gable greenhouse is stationary. In the case of redevelopment of the site, it is very difficult to transfer it to another place. The second drawback of these structures is that they have a significant number of joints both in the frame and in the skin. Therefore, the roof is not always airtight. If cellular polycarbonate is used, the thickness of the sheets must be at least 6 mm.

Another option is the Dachnaya-Strelka greenhouse.

Dome greenhouses

The main advantage of these greenhouses is the uniform distribution of the weight load. Therefore, for sheathing, you can use any, even the most heavy material. The frame consists of many segments of triangular, rectangular and trapezoidal shapes. A significant number of joints provides maximum frame strength.

Dome greenhouses have ideal streamlining parameters, which guarantees maximum resistance to winds. These structures are not afraid of any precipitation. Snow will roll off the roof surface. This circumstance entails the need to install a sufficiently high foundation that will protect the interior from moisture penetration.

Dome greenhouses are ideal for seismic areas. Due to their stability, they are able to withstand shocks of considerable force. To cover a hemisphere, less material is required than to cover any other greenhouse with the same dimensions of the internal space. The only inconvenience of these designs is that rectangular boxes with seedlings cannot be installed close to the walls.

There are a lot of options for organizing protected ground, but which greenhouse design will be the best in a particular case - here you need to figure it out properly. Each farmer with imagination can improve the classic version and invent his own greenhouse in this way, but if you do not take into account the basic requirements and do not take into account the calculations of professionals, the early harvest may be in jeopardy.

The main types of greenhouses by design

traditional arch shape

Greenhouses differ from each other in shape, size, foundation, frame and coating materials. To choose the best option for yourself, you need to consider all existing species greenhouses and their designs. The difference lies not only in functionality, but also in ease of installation, cost and compactness. Only after evaluating all these parameters, you can proceed to the choice.

Greenhouse-arch - simplicity of design and installation

The most popular and easy-to-use option is an arched greenhouse, which is a light frame of several arches connected by transverse elements. This type is economical, since the semi-circular shape can significantly save the coating material.

A small arch covered with a film

The versatility of this type of greenhouse lies in the fact that it is equally good both in a mini-format for a summer cottage and in an industrial version for growing vegetables in large volumes. The design is considered one of the most reliable and durable. The main advantages of the greenhouse-arch:

• the ability to add or remove any number of sections;
• snow does not linger on the surface;
• you can assemble an arch greenhouse with your own hands without complicated calculations;
• low cost of materials.

This type of greenhouses also has disadvantages, which should not be forgotten either:

• it is impossible to use glass;
• the space inside is not always possible to use rationally.

The arched design does not allow placing racks or shelves on the walls. The height of the room is not the same, which makes it impossible to grow plants of the same height throughout the area.

It is best suited for low to medium crops. In this case, the entire heated volume is not used. Thus, this type of greenhouse requires high heating costs.

Large arched greenhouse

For ventilation, arched greenhouses use the front door, and in large buildings, additional ventilation windows and transoms are installed. If the frame and cover are made of lightweight materials, and the greenhouse itself is not very large, you can do without a stationary foundation during installation.

At the ends of the arches, long bars of reinforcement are installed, which are attached to the ground. Larger greenhouses require mandatory installation on the foundation.

Single slope or adjoining construction

For home use, it is advisable to build greenhouses adjacent to another building. Another popular and simple greenhouse design is a shed. Such a model can be built near the house or any outbuilding. Shed greenhouse is one inclined plane adjacent to the supporting wall. Thanks to this support, the cost of the greenhouse frame is significantly reduced.

Location next to a brick wall

Another advantage of a shed design is thermal insulation. Brick, wooden, concrete wall - it does not matter. In any case, the thermal insulation properties of the wall material are better than those of polyethylene film or glass. Thus, much less heat is lost in the heated adjoining greenhouse.

The disadvantages of a single-sided design are as follows:

• insufficient illumination;
• by virtue of design features, snow often accumulates on the roof, which can damage the coating.

The main problem is low light. During construction, it is necessary to take into account the location of the building relative to the cardinal points. It is unacceptable to build an adjoining greenhouse on the north side of the building.

Greenhouse-house - vertical walls and a gable roof

A greenhouse with vertical walls and a gable roof is popularly called a "house". The design consists of two side rectangular walls and two end - pentagonal. The roof is made of two inclined planes.

Classic "house" made of polycarbonate

The advantages of this configuration:

• a significantly larger usable area compared to a gable greenhouse;
• ease of placement of utility racks and shelves on vertical walls;
• ease of ventilation (in vertical walls it is very easy to place windows and vents).

The main disadvantage of this design is the complexity of installation. To build such a greenhouse, you will have to make a detailed calculation. The base is not very wide, therefore, in the absence of a foundation, the structure will not be sufficiently stable.

A large number of joints suggests poor sealing. Because of this, cracks and, as a result, drafts can form. In order to prevent such miscalculations, you need to take the drawing of the greenhouse with all responsibility.

Dutch greenhouse - a kind of gable "house". The difference lies in the fact that the walls in such a model are not strictly vertical, but are located at a slight slope. Such modernization significantly increases the stability of this greenhouse design.

Dutch industrial greenhouse

Among the disadvantages is the difficulty of mounting shelves on sloping walls. However, if we take into account the fact that the configuration has better light transmission, this small disadvantage can be neglected.

A solution to the problem of a gable greenhouse is the use of planters. Since the standard gable design has a height of more than 2.5 m, it is very convenient to hang planters with plants at the top.

Mini greenhouses - ideal greenhouses for seedlings

At home, mini-greenhouses are most often used - greenhouses. They come in a variety of shapes and are made from different materials. You can see greenhouses covered with glazed window frames, which can be found in the household of any summer resident.

Miniature greenhouses are placed not only on the site, but also in rooms, well-lit basements and even on the balcony. It is not necessary to heat such a greenhouse. Its main function is to prolong the growing season of plants. That is, fruiting begins a few weeks earlier, and ends later.

There are several popular varieties of mini greenhouse designs. For example, a pyramid greenhouse is a pyramid with a square at the base. There is even an opinion that this form contributes to the concentration of positive cosmic energy with all the ensuing consequences for the crop. Whether this is true or not is not known for sure, but the pyramid looks quite impressive.

Rectangular pyramid for better harvest

Cloche - a glass greenhouse structure, consisting of two panels. It is mobile and moves around the site, depending on which plant needs protection in this moment. The greenhouse effect in this option is not very pronounced, but protection from the wind is provided. And this is also important for young sprouts.

Most often, mini-greenhouses are a box of edged boards, which is covered with a transparent material or glazed frame. This type is convenient in that it can be placed anywhere on the site and even removed for the winter in the utility room.

Mini greenhouse for giving

Underground or underground structure

It is known that in winter the ground freezes slowly. At an air temperature of ±1°C, the soil temperature at a depth of 1 meter is about 10°C. In the greenhouse device, one cannot fail to take advantage of such a natural bonus. For construction, you must first dig a hole, with a depth of 1 to 1.5 m, and install a transparent coating on top.

Thermos greenhouse on the site

One of the options for a buried greenhouse is an improved design - a thermos greenhouse, which provides even greater indoor temperature and illumination even in cloudy weather. For a thermos greenhouse, it is necessary to arrange a reinforced concrete foundation. The coating is often two-layer. Inside the walls are covered with reflective paint or other material that acts as a collector solar energy.

The disadvantage of this variety is that it is difficult to organize proper drainage in the underground part.

A large buried greenhouse is built for quite a long time due to the need to dig a pit. In addition, you will have to take care of the steps at the entrance, waterproofing and pest protection, which implies additional costs.

Complex advanced greenhouses

Considering the designs of greenhouses and their types, one cannot fail to mention such outstanding developments as the American greenhouse according to Mitlider, the Ivanov solar vegetable garden or the dome-shaped greenhouse. These ideas were at one time simply innovative and served as an impetus for the development of farming and Agriculture generally.

Unusual greenhouse designs

American greenhouse - J. Mitlider's work

The main problem of overall greenhouses is the lack of ventilation. Often it is provided only by the front door, which is extremely insufficient. Plants become too hot, humid and literally have nothing to breathe. The solution to this issue turned out to be very simple. The American gardener J. Mitlider found him.

His innovation lies in the fact that the roof of the greenhouse is arranged on two levels.

And at the junction of the two halves of the roof, a free space is formed, where the transoms for ventilation fit perfectly. The design can be arched or gable with vertical walls. In both cases, ventilation is very easy to provide. The frame is traditionally made of wood.

The classic version according to Mitlider - construction

In addition to good air exchange, the advantages of the Mitlider design are as follows:

• simplicity of design and installation;
• reliability, thanks to transverse beams and braces;
• the ability to build a collapsible version;
• lack of condensate, thanks to the wooden frame.

Geodesic sphere - dome on the site

The greenhouse of the original spherical shape looks very unusual on the site. The design itself is already a decoration of the garden and can serve as a striking element of landscape design. The dome of the greenhouse is assembled as a constructor from triangular elements. It is noteworthy that the coating is self-supporting and does not require any supports or frames, including the foundation.

Advantages of the geodesic sphere:

• light weight;
• the shape of the room provides good air circulation;
• good illumination of the greenhouse from all sides;
• the aerodynamic shape resists even the strongest winds.

The disadvantages of this model are:

• complexity of manufacturing and installation;
• the entire volume is not involved, as in the arched version;
• it is difficult to adapt curved walls for shelves and racks.

Geodesic sphere under polyethylene

Solar Vegetarian for Plants

The ingenious invention of the Soviet scientist Ivanov is a solar vegetarian. This building doubles the illumination of the greenhouse without additional lamps. In addition, the air temperature rises, without heating costs.

Vegetarian can be a variant of the adjoining greenhouse or built separately. But in the latter case, you will have to build a capital wall. When building Ivanov's vegetarian garden, it is imperative to take into account the position of the compass needle. A blank wall must be northern - this is a prerequisite.

In addition, the natural slope of the relief is taken into account. Ideally, if the vegetarian is located on a southern slope with a slope of 15 to 35 degrees. If there is no such bias, it will have to be arranged artificially. The roof of the greenhouse and its floor should be parallel to each other. To ensure the stability of the greenhouse structure, you need to build a strong foundation.

The main secret of this greenhouse is a reflective mirror coating on the north wall. The reflector will double the amount of sunlight. This innovation has a good effect on the crop and does not require additional costs.

Separate Vegetarian

Benefits of Ivanov's Solar Vegetarian:

• good illumination;
• good natural heating;
• saving on energy costs.

Design flaws:

• complexity of installation;
• high cost of building materials;
• stationarity.

Retractable roof - ventilation without problems

Greenhouses with a retractable roof combine all the advantages of the arched type, but at the same time eliminate some of their shortcomings. The design is a conventional greenhouse with a roof of two halves. The roofing device uses a special sliding roller mechanism, which allows you to open the greenhouse if necessary.

Great solution for a greenhouse

The advantages of the system are as follows:

• summer heat is not terrible for plants, especially in spring, when the temperature drops sharply at night;
• good ventilation is provided;
• ease of cleaning the greenhouse from snow, thanks to the opening mechanism.

Types of greenhouses by materials

When choosing a greenhouse, you need to consider not only its shape. The material from which it is made plays a very important role. This is reflected in the reliability of the greenhouse, and in its cost, and in many other nuances. Consider the main types of building materials that are used in the construction of a greenhouse before making a final choice.

Wooden frame - a common option

Varieties of frames depending on the material

The frame is the basis of the greenhouse. It is made from different materials and their combinations. It all depends on the place where the structure will be located, operating conditions, financial opportunities the owner and the presence of a construction team for work.

Main frame materials:

• tree;
• metallic profile;
• galvanized pipe;
• polypropylene pipes;
• metal-plastic pipes.

Each of these options is good in certain cases. Wood is a cheap and easy-to-work material. But its durability is not the highest. The metal is very durable, but contributes to the formation of condensation drops, which is very harmful to plants. The same applies to galvanized pipes, but they are better than steel pipes because they do not need anti-corrosion treatment.

It is cheaper and easier to make a greenhouse from plastic or metal-plastic pipes. The construction will turn out to be light and will not require a capital reinforced concrete foundation, like a metal frame. But, unfortunately, metal-plastic pipes do not withstand difficult weather conditions very well.

Greenhouse frame made of PVC pipes

Polypropylene pipes are a greenhouse frame option beloved by many farmers. It is an affordable and lightweight material. By itself, polypropylene is warm, which is a guarantee against the appearance of unwanted condensate. You can mount a small greenhouse from pipes even alone.

Types of coating materials for greenhouses

If the frame guarantees the stability and strength of the greenhouse, then the coating material - light and heat. The most popular materials for covering greenhouses that are used in agriculture:

• glass;
• polycarbonate;
• polyethylene film;
• agrofibre;
• PVC film.

Glass is a traditional material for organizing greenhouses. It is transparent, but does not allow enough sunlight to pass through the spectrum that is optimal for plants. In addition, glass is very fragile, difficult to install and relatively expensive.

It is much more rational to use sheets of cellular polycarbonate. It transmits light well, durable due to its structure. Sheets are produced in large sizes, which speeds up and facilitates installation. Polycarbonate does an excellent job of covering the greenhouse - retains heat and transmits enough light.

The easiest material to install and operate is film, which is also the cheapest. Modern industry has long coped with all the disadvantages of polyethylene. Films are no longer afraid of direct exposure to sunlight. Strength is provided by a mesh frame. The film transmits the sun's rays well, but is easily torn - this is its main drawback.

As you can see, to build a greenhouse, you need to analyze a lot of information. If this fact discourages you, you can always resort to ready-made copies made at the factory. In this case, you will only need to decide on the size and location on your site where the greenhouse will be installed.

Every gardener knows what a greenhouse is and why it is needed. But there are many types of these indispensable helpers in growing crops. Therefore, when choosing a greenhouse, questions inevitably arise about which one is more reliable and convenient.

Manufacturers offer different options for these designs, which differ in shape, material of manufacture, degree of light transmission. There are many nuances to consider when choosing. Knowing these subtleties will help you find the greenhouse that will serve flawlessly for many years.

Greenhouse selection criteria

Any greenhouse is a simple structure, which consists of two main elements - a frame and an awning. In most cases, they are sold separately, but there are options for ready-made designs in which the manufacturer provides literally every little thing.

In any case, the choice of a greenhouse is carried out according to two main parameters:

First of all, you need to decide on the shape of the greenhouse. The market offers many models from domestic and foreign manufacturers.

There are the following types of structures:

• with vertical walls;
• with sloping walls;
• arched;
• lean-to;
• gable;
• with a mansard roof.

The choice is wide. You can find exactly the option that suits in all respects. One of the most important selection criteria is the convenience of the greenhouse. And here the summer resident is offered a lot of opportunities to minimize labor costs for growing crops. "Smart" greenhouse will perform most of the tasks of ventilation, watering, heating. You can choose a model with the set of functions that is necessary for a particular climate and site.

Prices for covering material

Types of coating for greenhouses

There are only three types of coating for greenhouses. All of them are able to qualitatively perform the main task - to protect plants from the harmful effects of the environment.

Coatings are made from:

• polycarbonate;
• glass;
• polyethylene film.

What is good polycarbonate

The most reliable material for greenhouses is polycarbonate. This is a light-transmitting multilayer material, the structure of which in the section resembles a honeycomb, which is why it is called honeycomb.

There is another type of this material - monolithic. But it is not used in the construction of greenhouses for the reason that it does not meet all the requirements for these structures.

Important! Monolithic has a much greater weight and does not have the light transmission capacity that is so necessary for growing crops. Therefore, it is never considered as a covering material for the greenhouse frame.

Cellular polycarbonate, due to its hollow structure, is able to retain heat well. The reason is that there is air in the space between the "honeycombs". It is he who is the best heat accumulator. Therefore, polycarbonate structures are the “warmest”. For gardeners living in regions with a harsh climate, this is a decisive factor when choosing a greenhouse.

Cellular polycarbonate is a sheet material, but it can be rolled into rolls, which are most convenient for transportation. The roll diameter depends on the thickness of the polycarbonate sheet. The thinner it is, the easier it is to roll. However, even with a 4 mm web thickness, the roll will be quite voluminous - with a diameter of 1.5 to 1.6 m. If the permissible bending radius is exceeded, the structure of the material can be damaged.

To cover the frames of greenhouses, polycarbonate with a thickness of 4 to 10 mm is suitable. It should be noted that the thicker the canvas, the greater their weight. Not every frame is able to withstand the load that a 10 mm polycarbonate coating will create. Given that in winter it is necessary to add snow load to this indicator, the requirements for the strength and stability of the frame increase many times over. The optimal choice for medium-sized greenhouses is 4- or 6-mm polycarbonate.

Table. The main technical characteristics of cellular polycarbonate, which must be considered when choosing.

Fabric thicknessWeight (kg/m2)Light transmission of white transparent fabric (%)Light transmission of white matt fabric (%)Light transmission of colored fabric (%)Thermal conductivity (W/m2 °C)4 mm0.88252423.66 mm1.38258353.58 mm1 .58054353.310 mm1.77648322.4

The average service life of polycarbonate greenhouses is 15 years. These are the most durable and reliable designs of all existing ones.

Polycarbonate prices

Advantages and disadvantages of glass greenhouses

Glass is an inflexible material, therefore it is only suitable for single-slope and dual-slope structures. The glass greenhouse is a classic of the genre. You can easily assemble it yourself from used materials. Therefore, the main advantage of these structures is budget.

But glass has other advantages that gardeners have long appreciated. Greenhouses with such a coating are able to withstand significant weight loads. A cracked or broken part can be quickly replaced. The main advantage of glass is its transparency. Plants in such a greenhouse will not suffer from a lack of light.

Important! There are glass greenhouses and "cons". This is fragility, the need for careful handling, rather high requirements for the strength of the frame.

What is convenient polyethylene awning

The most popular material for covering greenhouses is polyethylene. If earlier the choice was unambiguous (dense polyethylene), today you can choose from several types of this material.

In any store for gardeners you can find such films:

• light stabilized;
• reinforced;
• light scattering;
• copolymer ethylene vinyl citate;
• polyvinyl chloride (cellophane);
• foamed.

Each of these materials can be used to build a greenhouse and a greenhouse. But when choosing, you need to pay attention to the characteristics. For regions with snowy winters, the best choice is reinforced film.

The Russian market offers products from Turkish, Korean and domestic manufacturers. How are these materials different? Foreign companies produce films with polyethylene reinforcement, and Russian companies produce films made of high-strength polypropylene mesh. Therefore, domestic products are stronger and more durable.

Cellophane film has the highest light transmission. But this material has the least strength of all the others, therefore it is only suitable for temporary or one-year structures.

The stabilized film is able to reflect heat into the greenhouse or greenhouse. This property is taken into account when constructing shelters for seedlings. Antifog, which is part of the film, prevents the formation of condensation on the outer surface of the tent.

Light-diffusing film is capable of reflecting UV and IR rays. This ensures the maximum possible protection of plants from the negative effects of the environment. The phosphors included in the film make it possible to obtain uniform illumination of the internal space of the greenhouse.

The most durable of the films is copolymer. It flawlessly withstands winds of 18-20 m/s. Another advantage is frost resistance. The copolymer film does not crack at temperatures up to -80 ° C, so this material is chosen for the construction of greenhouses in areas with a cold and windy climate.

The foamed film is two-layer. One layer is dense and smooth, the second is porous. The space in the cells of the second layer is filled with air. Therefore, the foamed film has a rather low thermal conductivity. This is an important indicator for greenhouses. But this material also has its drawback: low light transmission. Therefore, the foam film is chosen for the construction of shelters in areas with a large number of sunny days.

Prices for PVC film for greenhouses

Greenhouse frames

Frames for greenhouses are made of steel and aluminum. When constructing home-made structures, wooden blocks are often used. What should you pay attention to when choosing the material from which the frame is made?

1. For the presence of a protective coating on steel frames. If it is absent, already in the second year of operation of the greenhouse, the first signs of rust can be noticed. This design will not last long. Frames of this type are made mainly of galvanized steel.

Many manufacturers offer greenhouses with frames painted with powder paints. This is a good solution to ensure the durability of the structure. Regardless of how the metal is processed, aluminum frames are almost twice as expensive as steel frames. This is due to the lighter weight of the former and their maximum resistance to corrosion.

However, aluminum frames have one significant drawback. Frames made of this material are unable to withstand significant weight loads from the severity of certain types of coatings, as well as from snow. Therefore, in the spring you can often see greenhouses that have overwintered on the site, the racks of which are curved. This suggests that the owner did not take into account the climatic features of his region when choosing a design.

Types of frame structures

There are two main types of greenhouse frame structures:

The former are optimal for those who are often in the country, regardless of the season. Collapsible structures are chosen by those gardeners who visit their site only during the warm season. In this case, it makes sense to buy exactly those greenhouses that can be dismantled and stored before the start of the next season. Thus, you will not be afraid for the safety of your property.

Prices and quality

The most affordable are small greenhouses (up to 5 m 2) with a polyethylene awning and a frame made of steel painted with powder dye - 8-10 thousand rubles. The same structures, but with a polycarbonate coating, will cost about 50% more - up to 15 thousand rubles. The most expensive are glass greenhouses. These structures are mounted only on the basis of reliable steel frames. A glass greenhouse with an area of ​​​​up to 5 m 2 will cost a little more than 20 thousand rubles.

The price depends on various parameters - in particular, on:

• the presence or absence of windows to ventilate the interior of the greenhouse;
• number of doors
• thickness and type of coating;
• frame material;
• construction forms.

Polycarbonate greenhouses are considered the most practical and high-quality. They are almost 200 times stronger and more reliable than glass ones. The smallest number of positive reviews about polyethylene greenhouses. They serve, as a rule, no more than 1-2 summer seasons.

Greenhouse forms

Greenhouses can be absolutely any shape, length and configuration. The frames of stationary structures are made as follows: steel profiles are welded together and the corners and joints are reinforced. All greenhouse manufacturers offer the service of manufacturing these products according to the dimensions and sketches of the customer. Therefore, it is not difficult to obtain a design of exactly the shape and size that is needed.

Arch type greenhouses

The arched form is the most successful for several reasons.

1. It does not form a high layer of snow. This ensures the safety of the covering material.
2. The arched shape implies a minimum number of seams and joints. This gives the design the greatest reliability in operation.
3. Greenhouses of this form are resistant to winds.
4. Finally, such structures are easy to install and can be easily extended in length.

But in spite of everything, arched structures cannot be called perfect. They also have their drawbacks. The main one is a smaller amount of internal space than rectangular greenhouses. Another disadvantage is that for structures with a height of more than 2 meters, the installation of reinforcing beams is required.

Types of greenhouses, designs, their purpose

Many options for greenhouses have been created for growing vegetables and flowers in closed ground. When choosing a design for your site, the summer resident should know the features of existing models, advantages and disadvantages. Who decided to buy a greenhouse for a summer residence, gardeners planning to build it with their own hands.

Types and designs

When considering and selecting options, it is necessary to take into account a number of conditions:

• land area;
• cultivated crops;
• seasonality (only in summer or growing plants all year round);
• climate and weather of the region.

With permanent residence in the country, the owners can do without automated control. For rare visits (for example, only on weekends), you need to consider opening the windows and transoms.

Shed

They are practical and functional structures, the roof of which is directed in one direction. Attached to the walls of the house, barn, they are economical, easy to use.

The coating is a film, glass, polycarbonate.

gable

Considered a classic option, stingrays form a "house", which is convenient for regions with snowy winters. Advantages:

• simple installation;
• the ability to choose different roof configurations;
• a wide range of coatings: glass, plastic, spandbond, polycarbonate sheets.

Any vegetables are grown in a gable polycarbonate greenhouse, as the air inside is evenly heated and cooled.

Arched

Arched polycarbonate greenhouses are a hit of summer cottages. The structures are practical in use, easy to install, do not require the construction of a foundation.

With insufficient length, it is easy to add a couple of sections. The disadvantage is that due to the low height of the sides of the structure, it will have to carefully plan the placement of plants inside, abandoning some crops.

teardrop-shaped

Drop-shaped greenhouses made of durable cellular polycarbonate look interesting. The "minus" is the complexity of the design, but the advantages outweigh:

• high levels of illumination;
• ease of use (especially in regions with snowy winters);
• suitable for growing tall crops.

Width - from 2.7 to 3.5 meters.

Polygonal

Polygonal structures are a rarity on the plots, as they are used more often for growing plants in pots. The structures have from 6 to 9 vertical faces, they are difficult to install, high cost.

Dutch

• side walls extended to the bottom (ensuring the stability of the structure, maximum lighting for plants);
• special gutters for collecting rainwater;
• frame reinforced with terminals.

The coating is float glass, which is characterized by high light transmission, strength, resistance to adverse weather conditions and mechanical stress.

The "Dutch" are used on an industrial scale; construction on a summer cottage is not economically feasible.

The difference between greenhouses and greenhouses

Greenhouses are small in size, lacking doors and vents. The greenhouses are mobile, it is easy to rearrange them on the site, choosing the best places.

For compact structures do not use artificial lighting, heating systems. Most often, seedlings, undersized crops or varieties of vegetables (standard tomatoes, peppers) are grown in them.

Greenhouses - stationary buildings, high (up to 2.5 meters high), with an entrance, vents, transoms. For year-round cultivation of plants, they are equipped with lighting, heating, drip irrigation systems. Suitable for cultivation of tall crops.

Large-scale buildings are equipped with a foundation, automated systems opening vents with pushers. Covering material: glass, film, polycarbonate.

Division by purpose

In summer cottages, the owners install greenhouses for growing heat-loving vegetable crops. They grow:

In the spring, before planting the main crops, green crops and radishes are sown in closed ground to obtain early harvests. But the purpose may be different, in addition to vegetables, seedlings and flowers are grown in them.

Vegetable

On an industrial scale, in protected ground, vegetables are grown all year round. Greenhouses are equipped with heating, artificial lighting lamps, special irrigation systems designed for certain crops.

In dachas, it is advisable to set up separate rooms for tomatoes and cucumbers, since these crops have different requirements for the growing regime.

seedlings

All conditions have been created for obtaining healthy and strong seedlings:

• air humidity maintenance system;
• racks;
• special cassettes;
• irrigation system;
• equipment for regulating the temperature of the nutrient substrate.

Such buildings are subject to special sanitary requirements to rule out infections.

Floral

Some ornamental crops require special conditions to grow. The lineup flower greenhouses include hotbeds, structures coated with glass and polycarbonate, structures of tent, arched type.

On sale are greenhouses for flowers of the arched type, teardrop shape. The choice is determined by the characteristics of the crops that are supposed to be grown, climatic features, and service.

Greenhouses by type of operation

Structures for the cultivation of vegetables in protected ground differ in terms of operation time for winter and summer.

Winter

Greenhouses made of polycarbonate or glass are suitable for operation all year round. Buildings are equipped with special systems:

• heating (water, stove, electric, gas);
• ventilation;
• lighting;
• water supply and heating.

Film winter greenhouses are a rarity, after all, this material is not durable and is not suitable for winter. The building should be located in a well-lit place, closed from the wind, stretching from north to south.

Summer

IN summer greenhouse heating of the space inside is due to solar energy. The difference between night and day temperatures due to soil heating is not so critical, so the plants are comfortable.

Coating: glass, film or polycarbonate. For additional heating, warm ridges are arranged inside the greenhouses, laying biofuel.

Types of polycarbonate greenhouses and their designs

There is something to choose from, fortunately, manufacturers offer buildings made of polycarbonate:

• arched;
• round;
• gable;
• lean-to;
• lancet (drop-shaped).

The Volya company offers standard and reinforced structures, tent and arched polycarbonate greenhouses with a frame made of galvanized pipe, models with a sliding roof.

Polygonal structures are in demand, which are distinguished by ease of use, a large usable area, as well as Mitlider greenhouses with a special configuration of roof slopes (not closing in the ridge area).

Greenhouse on credit

You do not have to wait and save - you can buy a greenhouse now

Types of greenhouses: a comparative overview of various types of structures

Many gardeners and gardeners equip greenhouses on their plots. This expands their ability to grow healthy, sustainable products. Vegetables and fruits can be obtained all year round. The main thing is to develop the project correctly, choose good materials, build, order or buy a high-quality finished structure. What types of greenhouses exist? What are the different projects for? We offer a comparison of greenhouses of various designs: the pros and cons, features of installation, operation.

Worthy of special attention polycarbonate greenhouses which are becoming more and more popular and in demand. The abandonment of glass and film in favor of polycarbonate has allowed for improvements in designs and the development of new projects. They make greenhouses more efficient and plant care more convenient. This became possible due to the unique properties of the new material - lightness, strength, flexibility and good thermal insulation.

Compared to glass, polycarbonate is much lighter and stronger, easier to install. From it you can create stationary and mobile greenhouses of any shape.

One of the most popular designs is a greenhouse in the form of a house. This type was popular for many years, until they were gradually replaced by more economical arched greenhouses. The disadvantage of the design can be considered a large consumption of materials for construction, and the advantages include a large internal volume and ease of care for plants

Types and designs of greenhouses

There are stand-alone greenhouses and those adjacent to buildings. If everything is clear with the first type, then the second implies that one of the walls of a residential building or outbuilding is used as a supporting structure for a greenhouse. Usually such greenhouses are made heated and used in the winter season.

In addition to the usual designs, non-banal economical and efficient greenhouses adjacent to houses are gaining popularity. The idea of ​​arranging a winter vegetation is very interesting. There are several options. One of the most popular is Ivanov's vegetarian. This is a polycarbonate greenhouse built on an inclined surface, in which the wall of the house is used not only as a building structure, but also as a reflective screen for the sun's rays.

The sloping roof of the Ivanov solar plant is designed so that the sun's rays fall on the surface at a right angle and almost do not reflect. Due to this, plants receive 4 times more heat and light. All energy goes to lighting and heating the greenhouse

Vegetarians have already been called greenhouses of a new generation. This design is an invention of the conventional school teacher physics, but it is better than many others for our climatic conditions. How Ivanov's sunny vegetable garden looks from the inside and outside can be seen in the video. The owner talks about the features of growing plants in such a greenhouse:

Particular attention deserves the design of free-standing greenhouses. Some of these projects can be implemented for buildings adjacent to the house. The main thing is to accurately determine your needs, capabilities and find out how to locate the greenhouse, correctly calculate the area. Most popular designs:

• with vertical walls (they are also called greenhouses-"houses" for their external resemblance to residential buildings);
• in the form of a lancet arch (another name is arched greenhouses);
• with inclined walls (less common than the designs of the first two types);
• with a mansard roof (greenhouses are built in the form of a so-called Dutch hay barn).

There are winter and spring greenhouses. Despite the "speaking" name, "spring" refers to greenhouses that are used from March to November. Winter necessarily require heating. Depending on mobility, stationary and mobile structures are distinguished. Plants are placed in rack and rackless ways. And for their cultivation, soil and soilless (aero-, hydroponic) methods are used.

The photo shows the shape of the frame of the Chinese winter vegetaria of an improved design, adapted for use in our latitudes. The task of the builder is to minimize the consumption of resources for heating the building without harming the plants. The wide side of the vegetation is oriented to the south. Unlike other buildings of this type, this one was designed without taking into account the laying of pipes in the ground. Heating will be provided by a compact wood-fired boiler.

Winter greenhouses are operated year-round. They are great for growing vegetables for personal and commercial purposes. The issue of heating can be solved in different ways: boilers, stoves, radiators are installed. Each owner chooses the most affordable and suitable option for himself. Winter greenhouses can be either freestanding or adjacent to other buildings.

Option # 1 - "house" with vertical walls

Of all types of greenhouses, the “house” is still the most common design, despite the emergence of new, more practical modifications. The reason for this popularity is the convenience and versatility of the design. It is a frame in the form of a house, over which there is a gable roof. The walls are built with a height of about 1.5 m from the ground, the roof ridge is placed at a height of 1.8-2.4 m. Thanks to this arrangement of the greenhouse, the owner does not have to bend his head, caring for the plants, and you can arrange plantings on shelves, racks: there is enough space.

The frame of the greenhouse-"house" is either glazed or covered with cellular polycarbonate. Can be covered with foil. A gable roof is a significant advantage, because. the snow doesn't linger on inclined surfaces and slides down. Due to this, no increased load is created on the upper parts of the structure. The advantages of a greenhouse do not always compensate for the disadvantages - high cost, construction complexity and significant heat losses that occur through the north wall. It is recommended to additionally insulate it with panels, but this also leads to an increase in the cost of the arrangement.

The option of a greenhouse with vertical walls is very beneficial for those site owners who can assemble the structure with their own hands. One of the popular ways to reduce the cost of construction is to use old window frames for glazing the frame and install a simple base of timber as a foundation. The use of polyethylene film can hardly be considered a good way to save money, because. the material itself is short-lived and noticeably inferior in strength to glass, especially polycarbonate.

The polycarbonate construction is shipped unassembled. It is assembled and installed already on the site. The buyer can choose the desired number of sections depending on the types of crops he plans to grow. To maintain a comfortable microclimate, the greenhouse is equipped with a window. When installing the structure, you can fix it by digging the foundations included in the kit into the ground, but a brick and even a wooden foundation is much more reliable.

Option #2 - arched structures

A greenhouse in the form of a lancet arch is a complex structure. Its main drawback is that it is extremely difficult to design and assemble with your own hands, unlike the traditional "house". Difficulties arise when bending the metal for the frame, and when it is sheathed. Glass cannot be used because it does not bend, so the available materials are film and polycarbonate.

In most cases, arched greenhouses are purchased ready-made. This is an expensive purchase, but it is fully justified, because the owner gets a more practical form than a “house”.

Building an arched greenhouse on your own is difficult, but possible. The video describes the process of creating an arch with wooden arcs with your own hands:

Arched greenhouses are widely used not only in household many gardeners. Industrial complexes build this form. They can be used for plant cultivation, sorting, storage and even processing. It all depends on the size and layout of the building. The project is selected based on the number, type of plants, the method of their cultivation and location.

The arched shape makes it possible to make greenhouses of a lower height than vertical-walled structures require. They resist wind loads better and, most importantly, let more light into the room.

The greenhouse is a structure 2 m high and 3 m wide. What will be the length, the owner himself decides, focusing on his needs. The greenhouse is extended with additional sections. There is a window on the roof. The design provides for special partitions that separate cultures from each other. This makes it possible to simultaneously grow different types of plants. Modification "Sunny House T12" is strengthened due to the minimum step of the arcs - 1 m

The disadvantages of greenhouses in the form of a lancet arch include the potential danger of cracks in the roof during heavy snowfalls. Snow often has to be removed by hand, as it falls down much worse than from the gable roof of the "house". If the layer is too thick, the roof may not withstand.

There are also restrictions on the layout of the interior space. It is difficult to place shelves, racks, etc. in an arched greenhouse. When caring for plants, the owner is not always comfortable. All these are solvable problems, but when choosing between an arch and a “house”, it is worth weighing all the factors, taking into account possible difficulties.

Of the ready-made arched greenhouses, the Solar House and Royal House series are especially popular. Features of the design of the "Royal House" are presented in the video:

Option # 3 - a greenhouse with sloping walls

Greenhouses with walls located at an angle are structures that look like the usual "houses", and in terms of functionality and practicality - arches. In such greenhouses, the walls are mounted with an inclination inward at a slight angle. Due to this, the base increases, like an arch, which gives more space for the beds. The height of the structure may be less than that of the "house".

An undoubted advantage of such a project is the ability to build a greenhouse with your own hands without any problems, because you don’t have to bend the frame. Glass is suitable for cladding, incl. and used. Often use polycarbonate, film. Another advantage is the “self-cleaning” gable roof. Regardless of the design of the roof, it is better to install a window in it for ventilation when humidity rises. The disadvantage of the design is the restrictions when installing shelves along the walls due to the slope.

When calculating a greenhouse with sloping walls, attention should be paid to the steepness of the roof slopes. If the angle is chosen incorrectly or ventilation is not provided, then moist air can accumulate under the roof, which leads to the reproduction of microorganisms, fungi, mold, mosses. Such a “neighborhood” can significantly damage the health of plants.

Option #4 - mansard roof greenhouse

A mansard roof structure is a type of greenhouse with vertical walls, however, instead of a gable roof, a mansard is installed. It copes with loads perfectly, snow does not linger on it.

A mansard roof gives more headroom than an arched roof. There are no other features, otherwise such greenhouses have the same advantages and disadvantages as traditional structures with gable roofs. On the walls, you can place shelves and racks for multi-tiered growing plants.

When deciding on a roof structure, you should think carefully about which design will be optimal. A mansard roof looks advantageous, but in most cases it is not necessary. But the design requires additional calculations, an increase in the amount of materials. The owner must be sure that these costs will pay off

What is the best greenhouse design?

The described types of greenhouses are most common, but the variety of designs is not limited to them. Each type has its own advantages, purpose, features. When choosing a design, shape, materials, many factors must be taken into account. We offer a detailed video review from a specialist. Comparison of different types and materials of greenhouses will help determine the choice of the optimal design:

If you have already compared greenhouses of various designs and have chosen the right one, you can start searching. A little secret of sellers: the demand for greenhouses is higher in the spring summer period, so in winter they can be purchased at a discount.

When buying, do not trust intermediaries and resellers, try to purchase a greenhouse directly from the manufacturer. Be sure to read technical documentation, check the complete set of the ordered model. By adhering to these simple recommendations, you increase your chances of buying a quality greenhouse that will please fresh vegetables and fruit for many years.

Greenhouse designs and their types: 6 main forms of greenhouses

Each owner of a private house has a personal plot that is suitable for growing vegetables. Some of them do not like direct sunlight and dry land. Their watering also has different requirements. When using the open method, it is not always possible to create all the conditions necessary for growing these crops. An alternative and very convenient option for this is a greenhouse in a country house or a personal plot.

Greenhouse designs: their main types and types

Being engaged in agriculture, we gradually came to such a convenient method as growing vegetables and berries in a greenhouse. It allows you to create the microclimate necessary for our capricious plants in an enclosed space.

The designs of greenhouses allow us to protect the culture we cherish both from the scorching heat and from severe frosts. Indoors, certain conditions are created in which it is easy to maintain the same state for a long time.

There are many types of greenhouses you can use. They are different in appearance, principles of operation, size and building materials from which they are built. Also, greenhouses that we build on our own can have a variety of forms.

The main forms of greenhouse structures:

• hemisphere;
• Pyramid;
• oval shape;
• Rectangular;
• Smooth;
• Trapezoidal shape.

The most common is the oval shape, because it is the easiest to manufacture.

Making a greenhouse: do-it-yourself optimal design

The manufacture of a greenhouse can be the most diverse. You can buy ready-made greenhouse parts in the store and assemble it yourself at home, or you can search for unnecessary building materials on your site and build a greenhouse structure. You can use everything that is at hand: boards, glass, old furniture, film, plastic bottles, boxes. Having picked up the necessary material, we draw a drawing and build it. A homemade greenhouse is not as correct, but it is cheaper.

Greenhouses, the optimal design of which is made by hand, are the best. They are often talked about in television programs about agriculture and vegetable growing. There is also a lot of information about them in magazines and other periodicals.

You should not spend a lot of money on the purchase of the necessary building materials for such greenhouses. There are always a lot of different items in summer cottages and personal plots. Look around, think, and you will definitely find almost all the materials necessary for the construction of this structure.

Do-it-yourself building material for building a greenhouse can be:

• Wooden plank;
• Reinforcement rod;
• Not a thin hazel;
• PVC pipes;
• Steel corner;
• Large mesh.
• Old window frame;
• glass sheet;
• Polycarbonate sheets;
• Dense greenhouse film.

When building such a greenhouse, you must first make a frame of the desired shape, and sheathe it with a covering material.

The device of the greenhouse: its difference from the greenhouse

Unlike its brother, a greenhouse, a proper greenhouse is a different structure. It is more expensive and durable. A more careful and balanced approach is needed for the construction of a greenhouse. The material for its construction should be chosen one that can last a long time. And it works differently.

The device of the greenhouse is such that it is mostly a capital stationary structure that can be used in any cold season. It requires compliance with special rules during its construction.

A greenhouse differs from a greenhouse in that it is installed in one place. Whereas you can move a greenhouse to different places on your land.

Other differences:

• Even a simple greenhouse is usually much larger than a greenhouse;
• The frame of the greenhouse is done thoroughly, taking into account that it will remain in place all year round;
• Often the greenhouse is placed on a prepared foundation;
• The coating of the greenhouse is made reliable and of high quality. This is to ensure that she has the opportunity to serve us for a long time.

If you decide to build a large greenhouse on your site, then you should prepare for the fact that this design will require a lot of time and effort from you.

Do-it-yourself components of a greenhouse or greenhouse: device and maintenance

To properly build a greenhouse or greenhouse, you need to have special knowledge, both construction and agricultural. The device of the greenhouse is different from the device of greenhouses. If greenhouses are temporary structures, small in size, then greenhouse structures are large stationary structures that can occupy a large area of ​​\u200b\u200bland.

Do-it-yourself greenhouse device is a whole system of various processes that are brought together in one large structure. All these processes are aimed at providing the conditions necessary for growing plants.

In view of the fact that greenhouses require frequent presence from us, this home-made design must be of high quality, in compliance with safety rules.

Greenhouse design includes:

• Foundation;
• frame;
• Roof;
• cover sheet;
• Irrigation tank;
• brackets;
• Vents or transoms for ventilation;
• soil as a floor;
• Door;
• Electrical wires, lighting;
• Heating system.

If the greenhouse area is large, then try to make doors on both sides. This method will give you the opportunity not to cross the entire greenhouse with containers when harvesting, and will make it easier for you to improve the greenhouse.

Arched greenhouse structures: their pros and cons

The appearance of the greenhouse comes from the shape of the roof of the building. The roof, in turn, depends on the type of building material that was used to build the frame. Material compatibility is also important. It is not advisable to cover greenhouses made of wood with polycarbonate, and those made of film should be pulled over a frame of steel reinforcement.

The designs of greenhouses with an arched roof are quite new. They note a number of advantages over other types of greenhouses. If you want to build a new greenhouse, then you should think about whether to put a greenhouse in the form of an arch on your site.

These greenhouses are the best. They are well suited for the construction of structures made of polycarbonate, or dense greenhouse film. Very often, according to the type of such arched greenhouses, small greenhouses are built for growing all types of seedlings. Arched greenhouses are also suitable for winter greenhouse equipment.

Advantages of an arched greenhouse:

• Almost no snow accumulates on the arched roof;
• The arched shape has very good windability;
• Through the arched roof, daylight is scattered in an arcuate manner, and this has a good effect on the fruiting and growth of plants;
• Cellular polycarbonate can withstand heavy loads very easily;
• The arrangement of honeycomb sheets contributes to good thermal insulation;
• It is more practical than greenhouses, which have other forms;
• To build it, it is not necessary to build a foundation;
• She has a beautiful, aesthetic appearance.

If modern irrigation and heating are made in an arched greenhouse, then such a greenhouse will become not only beautiful, but also very productive. In the arrangement of the greenhouse, special importance must be given to electrical work. The method and quality of lighting is very important when growing vegetables, as well as heating, the principle of operation of which, often, is electric heating elements. In view of this, the construction of a greenhouse must begin with the arrangement of an electrical interchange.

Modern designs of greenhouses and their types (video)

Each of us has our own hobbies, occupations and activities. Someone is happy to stand at the machine, and someone really likes to work on the ground and grow vegetables. If you also have a desire to devote yourself to gardening and growing vegetables in a greenhouse, study this topic thoroughly, view pdf photos and videos. They will help you better understand this process.

Types of greenhouses and their designs (photo)

A greenhouse is a structure that has light-transmitting walls and a roof and is designed for growing various plants in the spring and autumn, when weather conditions do not allow several crops to be taken in one year.

Currently, there are a variety of types of greenhouses. In their form, they are large and small, square, rectangular, one- or two-slope, etc. Frames can be made in the form of a tent, arch, house, or have a different shape. Types of greenhouses also differ in size: they are standard and non-standard. They are made of polycarbonate, wood, metal. You need to choose a heifer taking into account what goals it faces, why it is needed at all. Cost also plays an important role.

How to choose a greenhouse for a summer residence?

Ideally, the building should have the following characteristics:

• be of sufficient quality;
• reliable;
• durable;
• adapted to different weather conditions.

In addition, it should be practical and convenient to use, as well as inexpensive.

When choosing a greenhouse, each person pursues a variety of goals. For some, it is enough that she has a nice appearance and looks good against the backdrop of a house or plot. For other people who see the greenhouse as a household accessory or a way of doing business, more serious features are needed. Appearance for them it does not play the most important role.

Collapsible or stationary?

Before purchasing a greenhouse, you should decide which model is needed: stationary or collapsible. From a stationary fuss, much less - once installed and forgotten. A collapsible one will have to be installed and disassembled twice a year. However, if the greenhouse is in the country, where you visit only in the summer, and theft occurs quite often in the summer cottage, then it is more expedient to purchase a collapsible model.

What will be grown

Before making the final choice, you should decide what exactly you will grow in the greenhouse: tomatoes, cucumbers, herbs, seedlings, etc. The decision is yours, but keep in mind that different greenhouse crops differ in growing regime and requirements for humidity and lighting . In addition, some plants do not tolerate any neighborhood and can harm each other.

After you decide which plants will be grown, you can choose a building of a suitable height.

What are greenhouses?

To date modern market offers a variety of types of greenhouses and greenhouses, different in shape, characteristics, size and cost. For their production modern high-quality and reliable covering materials are used.

Types of greenhouses

Depending on the coating used, such structures are divided into the following types:

All types of greenhouses are good, but they perform their functions with varying degrees of efficiency. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Film greenhouses

Film is one of the most widely used covering materials.

• The main advantage of such structures is their low cost.
• Another plus is the possibility of independent construction. Do-it-yourself film types of greenhouses are assembled very simply. To do this, you only need plastic wrap, a rail, a screwdriver and a furniture stapler.
• Such a structure perfectly transmits ultraviolet rays, which are so necessary for the normal development of plants,
• There is no need to build any foundation.

Unfortunately, film greenhouses have many disadvantages. First of all, it is short-lived. The film tears quite easily and rarely survives the winter. The next season, the greenhouse must be covered again. Yes, and a frame made of boards or rails can rarely withstand more than 2 seasons. Humidity and heat are ideal conditions for the development of wood fungus.

Reinforced polyethylene film is more durable due to a special reinforced mesh. It can withstand not only strong winds, but even hail.

Glass greenhouses

Glass is a durable and strong material for covering greenhouses. Its distinctive properties are high ability to transmit light and excellent thermal insulation.

However, glass greenhouses also have a drawback: inside the air can be very hot, which can have a very bad effect on the health of plants. Also, their minus is the complexity of glazing. A large mass of glass requires a reliable, and therefore expensive frame. The glass must be at least 4 mm thick. The larger the frame sizes, the better the greenhouse lighting will be. But this increases heating costs. Yes, and replacing a large broken glass will also be more expensive.

The disadvantages of glass greenhouses include the fragility of the material itself, which tends to break not only due to physical influences, but also due to temperature changes (large temperature difference inside and outside the greenhouse in severe frost).

Polycarbonate structures

This one is relatively new material V Lately actively captured the greenhouse market and the attention of gardeners. Polycarbonate structures have a number of clear advantages over film and glass types. The material has the following advantages:

• High strength (almost 200 times stronger than glass), heat resistance and fire resistance.
• Extreme lightness (the weight of cellular polycarbonate is 16 times less than that of glass, and 3 times less than that of acrylic of the same thickness).
• High thermal insulation and low thermal conductivity.
• High light transmission (transparency of the material is up to 86%). In addition, the material scatters light, so that it reaches almost all beds.
• Good noise and sound insulation.
• High chemical resistance.
• Excellent resistance to various weather conditions.
• Polycarbonate is durable. Products from it have a warranty period of up to 10-12 years.
• Polycarbonate does not break, does not crack.
• Has special protection against ultra-violet radiations. Thanks to the protective layer, hard UV rays do not pass through cellular polycarbonate.
• Ease of installation. The lightness and flexibility of the sheets allows you to create original and elegant designs of various types.
• Looks attractive and modern.

All types of polycarbonate greenhouses have some disadvantages:

• If the sheets are placed incorrectly (with protection from UV rays inside), then their service life will be significantly reduced (from 10 years to 2-3).
• Almost all types of polycarbonate greenhouses (photos are available in the article) require the construction of a foundation for their normal operation.
• The material has a hollow structure, water and dirt often get inside. This contributes to the deterioration of light transmission and a fairly rapid loss of heat, which is undesirable. In addition, the appearance deteriorates.

Types of greenhouses and their designs

Under polycarbonate, frames are made and built, which differ both in shape and in the material used. The most common types of polycarbonate greenhouses are arched and tented (house). All others are variations of these two.

arched structures

Arched types of greenhouses and greenhouses are one of the most popular designs on the market. They are used for early and all-season cultivation of various garden crops and flowers.

The frame consists of semicircular arches, which are most often installed on a vertical base. As a rule, these are factory-made greenhouses.

Types of greenhouses (photo above) of an arched structure have the following advantages:

• They are environmentally resistant. Thanks to the streamlined shape, snow does not linger on them.
• Their installation is quite simple, which allows you to build these types of greenhouses with your own hands.
• The presence of a small number of connections. A typical design, which is 3 meters wide, is covered with one sheet, fixed to the frame only at the ends.
• The consumption of polycarbonate for greenhouses is small.
• Good sunlight penetration.
• Low cost.
• Can be installed without foundation.

The disadvantages include:

• Little functionality.
  A small height of the extreme beds.
• Arched greenhouses are good for low crops like peppers or eggplants.

Tent structures

Tent types of greenhouses and their designs are most often chosen for self-construction, but there are also factory options. Advantages:

• The possibility of creating an individual design.
• Sizes can be the most non-standard for any culture.
• Very practical and functional.

Their main disadvantages:

• For the frame, you must use the most durable material.
• The cost is higher than other types.
• The consumption of polycarbonate is quite large.

Frame types

The frame of the greenhouse can be made of the following materials:

Currently, a wooden frame is used less and less. The tree requires impregnation with special compounds against decay, various fungi and other destructive, negative phenomena. It is also impossible to bury wooden racks in the ground without first sheathing them with waterproofing materials. Otherwise, the structure will fall apart quickly. All these nuances make the installation process quite laborious and unprofitable.

The frame for greenhouses made of PVC in our country is used quite rarely. Its advantages:

• The material does not rust or rot.
• Resistant to the negative effects of various chemicals, fertilizers, etc.
• Very practical.
• The material does not need special treatment, such as painting, impregnation.
• Appearance is quite aesthetic.

Metal frames are among the most durable structures. They do not rust, do not rot, do not emit harmful toxins, they do not need to be painted.

The biggest drawback is the high cost of aluminum. In addition, there is a very high probability that the greenhouse can be dismantled and taken to the metal collection point.

Industrial greenhouses

The only significant difference industrial greenhouses from those that are used in personal plots and cottages, is their size. They can occupy quite impressive areas that exceed 1000 square meters. m, and their height can reach 6 m.

Types of industrial greenhouses:

• Seasonal. The period of active operation is limited to the season (March-November). They are used to grow crops that are in high demand among consumers of agricultural products.
• Year-round, allowing you to get a high yield even in winter. All types of winter greenhouses are quite expensive, but the high profitability of the economy more than makes it possible to recoup the costs in the shortest possible time.

The efficiency of industrial greenhouses depends on the following factors:

• the ability to create and maintain a suitable temperature and humidity;
• the quality of the materials used for the construction of the structure;
• availability of irrigation, lighting, heating and other systems.