Writing project documentation. Design and working documentation

To start work, the Customer must provide the terms of reference for the design and initial permits. You can check the composition of the IRD and the procedure for its registration with our specialists.

For permission to local government needed:

Document on the ownership of the land.
Town-planning plan of the site (received no earlier than 3 years before the permit is issued).
SPOZU with the location of the structure indicated on it.

The customer must transfer the complete initial data of the object to the developer in any format (in the form of photographs, drawings, written wishes, sketches, statements with the estimated scope of work, not a detailed project). It is better when the data is systematized, the parameters of the new building are fully described, and the specialist who prepares them is a professional. This will facilitate the work of designers, reduce the price of the design and estimate documentation prepared on their basis.

You can consult the service with the company's employees by calling +7-499-348-29-05. You can leave a message on the website, specialists will contact you to discuss the details of cooperation.

Composition of documentation, stages of development

DED consists of 3 equally important components - design, working, budget documentation.

Design documentation (PD)

The "Project" stage is carried out according to the technical specifications of the customer on the basis of IRD (initial permit documentation). Includes an architectural concept (without details), a technological section, a structural section and other minor parts. A preliminary estimate is also drawn up, the issue of communication systems is being resolved. The package of design documents being created for all capital construction facilities (OCS) has the same content (with the exception of linear structures).

The development of the “P” stage is carried out in accordance with the requirements of Decree of the Government of Russia N 87 (2008) as amended in 2015 (on sections of the PD and their content).

The PD includes the following sections:

scheme of organization of land plots (SPOZU);
architectural solutions;
constructive and object-planning solutions, including subsections with a description of gas, electrical systems, water supply, sanitation, heating networks, air conditioning, ventilation, communications, technological systems;
engineering networks and descriptions of the measures required for their development;
plans for dismantling, demolition of buildings;
a list of measures aimed at improving energy efficiency, fire safety of facilities, security environment, accessibility of buildings for the disabled;
estimates for OKS;
other documentation required by law.

Working documentation (WP)

The basis of the working documentation is sections of project documentation and a preliminary estimate. Working documentation involves a detailed development, presented by descriptions and graphic images, specifications of equipment, building materials used, structures, as well as other necessary documents necessary directly for construction. The content of the RD is agreed with the customer, based on the terms of reference.

Estimated documentation.

It involves the preparation of local, object estimates, a summary estimate. The latter is necessary in order to make a preliminary calculation of the financial costs for the implementation of the planned construction works. First, local estimates are prepared for various types of activities, then they are combined with object estimates, calculations by type of cost. It turns out a summary estimate. When compiling it, the total amount of work provided for by the RD is taken into account.

Stages of development of design and estimate documentation

There are 2 main stages of creating project documentation. Previously, there was the concept of one-stage design, which was used for simple objects, for this, the PD was combined with the DD, a working draft was created. By Government Decree No. 87, this concept was abolished.

The two-stage method assumes that the development will take place in stages - from the creation of design documentation to clarifying working documentation. This approach is more efficient, as it reduces construction costs and reduces the risk of making wrong decisions.

Before the creation of the design and estimate documentation, the pre-design stage of development is carried out. It starts with preliminary design, where sketches of the object are created, reflecting its architectural appearance and internal layouts, the design necessary for the customer to receive about it full view. Buildings and structures look even more clearly in a three-dimensional form prepared by developers in visualization programs (for example, Revit), technology is usedBIM design . The customer is invited to consider several sketches, the selected option is being finalized and agreed with it.

Then developed technical documentation. This stage involves conducting surveys, studying the landscape, conducting engineering and geological surveys at the construction site of the building. It must confirm the legality of construction in this place, not have restrictions under the law. If reconstruction of an existing facility is required, then a survey of the building and supporting structures is carried out and the feasibility of construction work is determined.

After agreeing on the pre-design stage, they begin to create the main design documentation, consisting of parts of the PD, DD, and estimate documentation. After agreeing with the control authorities, receiving the results of the examination and approval, the design and estimate documentation goes to the contractor to start construction work.

For what objects and why should design and estimate documentation be developed

Design and estimate documentation is the basis for the construction of single objects, as well as for a complex of buildings. It is needed for the construction of new and reconstruction of old facilities. various types destination. The implementation of design and estimate documentation is not required for detached individual houses for one owner, with a house height of no more than 3 floors. Also, design estimates are not required for temporary facilities (according to the provisions of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation). In all other cases, the development of design and estimate documentation is required.

Preparation of the project allows the customer at an early stage to have a complete picture of the building being erected or the results of the reconstruction. At the request of the customer, changes can be made to the project before the start of construction work.

After approval and examination of the design and estimate documentation goes to the contractor for use at all stages of construction. The presence of the project is necessary to obtain permission to start work on buildings or structures under construction or renovation. It allows you to better control the consumption of building materials and the quality of work.

The prepared project must necessarily pass an examination in state or independent organizations. Upon receipt of comments from experts, it is finalized by designers, again submitted for examination until a positive conclusion is received. The procedure for approving the design and estimate documentation is carried out by the technical customer.

The private developer (investor) carries out the coordination of project documentation himself. If the construction is planned to be carried out with budget money, then the examination should be carried out in state structures.

The coordination of design and estimate documentation is also carried out in a number of state and municipal bodies (depending on the territorial location of the facility), other organizations with supervision functions (nature management, urban property, environmental protection, etc.).

working documentation- this is a set of text and graphic documents that ensure the implementation of the technical solutions of the capital construction object adopted in the approved project documentation, necessary for the production of construction and installation work, providing construction with equipment, products and materials and / or manufacturing building products. (Note: the working documentation includes the main sets of working drawings, specifications of equipment, products and materials, estimates, other attached documents developed in addition to the working drawings of the main set). [GOST R 21.1001-2009].

Types of design according to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation are divided into:

Territorial planning
Architectural and construction design

Architectural and construction design is carried out by preparing design documentation for capital construction projects and their parts, which are being built, reconstructed within the boundaries of the property owned by the developer land plot, as well as in cases of major repairs of capital construction facilities, if during its implementation structural and other characteristics of the reliability and safety of such facilities are affected (hereinafter also - overhaul).

Project types

Depending on the specifics of the tasks set, the developed projects can be divided into several main types:

New construction projects.
Projects of reconstruction, expansion, technical re-equipment, modernization.
Strengthening, restoration, overhaul projects.

Project documentation and working documentation. Staged design

At present, due to the entry into force of the Regulations on the composition of sections of project documentation and the requirements for their content, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. project documentation" And " working documentation".

The main project document is project documentation, consisting of text and graphic parts. Project documentation (with the exception of some cases) is sent by the developer or customer for state expertise and, if there is a positive conclusion state expertise, is approved by him. It should be emphasized here that the volume of project documentation is usually insufficient for the construction of an object: it lacks the necessary specifications and the required level of detail. The project documentation contains only the main technical solutions that allow assessing their safety, as well as proving the technical feasibility (and in some cases - and economic feasibility) implementation of the investment project.
For the implementation in the process of construction of technical solutions incorporated in the project documentation, a working documentation, consisting of text documents, working drawings and specifications of equipment and products. Since there is no single document regulating the composition and content of working documentation, it is necessary to be guided by the relevant SPDS standards when developing it. However, the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation in its letter states that "the scope, composition and content of the working documentation should be determined by the customer (developer), depending on the degree of detail of the decisions contained in the project documentation, and indicated in the design assignment." In our opinion, it is advisable to supplement and specify the requirements of the SPDS standards in the design assignment with the requirements of the customer, but at the same time ensure the consistency of these requirements with the SPDS standards.

Since the Regulations on the composition of sections of project documentation and the requirements for their content do not contain a requirement to develop working documentation only after the development of project documentation, it can be concluded that project documentation and working documentation can be developed in parallel, but the development of working documentation cannot precede the development of project documentation. documentation. From this we can give the following explanations regarding the stages of design:

Single stage design is carried out with the parallel development of project documentation and working documentation. Previously, the design document developed during one-stage design was called "working draft" (WP) and consisted of the approved part of the working draft and working documentation. These two components of the working draft correspond to the currently accepted concepts "project documentation" And "working documentation" respectively.
Two-stage design is carried out with the consistent development of project documentation and working documentation. Previously, the design documents developed during the two-stage design were called "project" or "feasibility study" (stage 1) and "working documentation" (stage 2). These two project documents also correspond to the currently accepted concepts of "design documentation" and "working documentation", respectively.
Three-stage design(pre-project proposal, project, working documentation) - for objects of V, IV categories of complexity and for objects of III category of complexity according to individual projects, with an insufficient list of initial permits.

What is the difference between high quality project documentation and poor quality?

Violations and defects in construction, which affect the performance properties and durability of buildings, are largely associated with errors made at the design stage.

We can talk about high-quality working documentation only if it is made in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 21.1101-2013 SPDS (Project Documentation System for Construction), other regulatory documents, including Federal Laws.

The composition of the working documentation

High-quality working documentation contains working drawings in a complete set and text documents with all the necessary information about the construction site. It consists of:

main sets of drawings by brand (AS - Architectural and construction solutions, KZh - reinforced concrete structures, ES - Power supply, VK - Internal water supply and sewerage networks, and others), in accordance with the process of organizing construction and installation works;

CO (equipment specifications);

BM and SVM (sheets of consumption of materials, including Consolidated);

VR and SVR (sheets of construction and installation works, including Consolidated);

LS (local estimates);

OS (objective estimate);

working documentation for construction products:

A. detail drawings;

b. SB (assembly drawings);

V. assembly unit specifications;

d. TU (technical specifications containing requirements for the product regarding manufacturing, control, acceptance and delivery);

e. RR (documents containing calculations of parameters and quantities for building products).

High-quality working drawings have a minimum volume sufficient to perform construction and installation work, as well as to manufacture the necessary products on construction plants. They do not contain redundant information and unreasonable repetitions. They provide the possibility of mechanized and automated processing drawings and the use of innovative methods for their implementation, as well as reusable applications.

Signs of poor quality working documentation

Poor working documentation is determined by the presence of the following shortcomings:

the set of documentation is incomplete, and for the construction of public and industrial buildings there are no sections on the calculation of capacities and technological lines, special measures related to emergency situations, and others;

drawings are not presented for all parts manufactured at the construction site;

on the sheets of documentation, the signatures of the specialist exercising normative control are completely or partially absent;

the design of the drawings does not meet the requirements of the SPDS and errors were made in the designation of the documentation;

there are changes made after the approval of the documentation;

in engineering and geological surveys, outdated or inaccurate data are given, as a result of which errors occurred in the design of zero-cycle structures and, accordingly, in the foundation itself;

instead of crushed stone preparation for foundations, concrete was unreasonably used;

the design of the automatic fire alarm and fire alarm system does not comply with the requirements and regulations federal law No. 123-FZ;

the power supply and lighting project does not meet the requirements of Federal Law No. 261-FZ regarding energy efficiency;

not all materials used are indicated in the specifications, as a result of which the numbers in the estimate were incorrectly displayed.

But, the most common mistakes made in the working documentation include the incorrect calculation of volumes for the following types of work:

excavation. Calculations of the volumes of wet soil were made without taking into account the height of the capillary rise of water. The fact that not only soils located below the depth of groundwater, but also those above this level are wet (for clays and loams 1.0 m, for sandy loams - 0.5 m, and for fine sands - 0, 3m).

The distance between the foundation and the base of the slope, necessary for working in the sinus of the pit, is not taken into account (according to SNiP, it must be at least 0.6 m);

stone structures. The volume of brickwork did not take into account the volume of cornices, pilasters, bay windows and other architectural details. There are no works related to the installation and dismantling of internal and external inventory scaffolding;

wooden structures. The area of the openings is determined by their dimensions on the plan, while it should be calculated by the outline of the outer part of the boxes;

floors. The calculation of the floor area was carried out without taking into account the thickness of the wall finish, which overestimates the amount of work associated with the installation of the floor. At the same time, there are errors that reduce the construction volume as a result of the fact that the floor area in doorways and window sills was not taken into account.

Errors in budgeting

A significant overestimation or reduction in the estimated cost of an object is a sign of poor-quality working documentation. Many design organizations deliberately underestimate the estimated cost, not including in the estimate certain types works or reducing their volumes. This is done in order to win the tender. As a result, the customer, sooner or later, faces an increase in the cost of construction.

During the construction of individual residential buildings, when the company itself both designs the building and carries out its construction on a turnkey basis, there is often an overestimation of the estimated cost by unreasonable increases in the amount of work, especially expensive ones, or by adding work that is not provided for by the technology to the estimate.

Other violations identified during the examination of estimates include errors in the application of:

coefficients and indices;

labor intensity of work;

The first stage in the construction of any construction object is the development of a project. This document will allow you to obtain various permits from the relevant authorities, you can use it to calculate estimates, control and conduct the construction process. The main purpose of project documentation is to guide the execution of construction. That is why the composition of project documentation is clearly regulated, and the procedure for approval and approval is determined by federal regulations.

The concept of design documentation

To understand what design and estimate documentation is, you need to imagine a set of graphic and text materials that contain a whole list of architectural, urban planning, constructive, technological and engineering solutions. All these solutions and materials are used to implement a particular construction project.

Depending on the complexity of the object (it can be capital or non-capital), the difficulty of the task assigned to design office, project documentation may have a different structure and list of sections. It depends on which sections the working documentation includes, which specialists will participate in the development of materials. The composition of sections of project documentation may also differ.

Purpose and role in construction

To begin with, let's figure out why design and estimate documentation is needed in construction. The main purpose of these materials is to manage the construction process during the implementation of the construction object. In addition, the execution of design estimates is mandatory requirement legislation. The development of project documentation is necessary for the acceptance of the property for operation. Also different kinds project documentation may be needed when redevelopment of buildings and reconstruction.

Thus, we can say that project documentation (GOST number R 21.1101) is needed for the following purposes:

in accordance with legal requirements (in this case, the coordination of project documentation is mandatory);
as a source of information for the implementation of work on the construction of a building or structure;
to determine the cost of erecting a particular building.

In fact, design documentation for construction is a set of sources and materials that reflect the concept of the construction object being built for the developer and customer. At the same time, according to the project, it is much easier to ensure an uninterrupted construction process and the supply of various construction structures.

Important: the drafted project must comply with certain construction, planning, urban planning and design standards, therefore, only qualified specialists. Also, the basic requirements for design and working documentation must be strictly observed.

Organizations involved in the development of the project

The production of project documentation (GOST number R 21.1101) can only be entrusted to an organization that has a license to carry out such work, that is, to design buildings and structures of a certain category. You can find a sample of such a project on the net, but only an abbreviated example, including only the main sections, since the full project contains a lot of information and sheets. Externally, when assembled, the project resembles a whole book or a large album.

Project documentation for the construction of an object can be created by the following persons:

By the builder. For example, if you yourself are planning to build a small house.
An engineering firm licensed to carry out the project.
If the composition of sections of the project documentation is small, then for implementation you can hire individual, for example, for this you can contact a highly qualified engineer with experience.

Important: if the complexity of the object under construction is such that approval of the design documentation is required, then it is better to contact a licensed organization for its development.

When contacting a design organization, you can be sure that all requirements for working documentation will be observed. Moreover, as a rule, the person responsible for the development of the project performs architectural supervision during the construction process, that is, monitors the compliance of the work performed and design developments. The designer is also responsible for the quality of the documentation and compliance with the execution rule.

At the same time, the project development process may be accompanied by the delegation of some responsibilities to other competent persons. For example, a design organization can only do the architectural and construction part of the project, and to complete the estimate documentation, it can turn to other specialists.

To order the development of a project, the customer must provide the contractor (designer) with a number of related documents:

A town-planning plan or a planning project for a land plot on which construction is supposed to be carried out.
Technical conclusions on the conducted engineering surveys. If there are none, then a task for their implementation will be required.
If for the operation of a construction site it is necessary to connect to engineering networks, then you will need specifications for connection obtained from the relevant authorities.

Requirements for the project and its structure

The composition of the design and estimate documentation and the requirements for these documents are regulated Urban Planning Code RF. It also stipulates that the requirements, composition and procedure for coordinating the project are established by the government of our country.

The composition of the sections of the project documentation is determined by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 87, which was adopted on February 16, 2008. It says that the development of the project must be carried out during the construction of the following types of construction objects:

for capital construction objects for industrial purposes;
for buildings and structures for non-industrial purposes;
for linear objects.

For successful coordination of project documentation, the composition must clearly comply with legally established standards.

Project composition

As the Government of the Russian Federation decided, a properly drawn up project should include twelve sections. It also separately stipulates the composition of sections of the project documentation. So, the project should have:

Explanatory note.
General plan. This section includes urban planning solutions and a land plot planning scheme with the location and binding of the projected object and the obligatory indication of the surrounding buildings.
The section containing the entire list architectural solutions(layout, facades, sections).
Space-planning decisions regarding future construction and constructive solutions.
Technological solutions with an explanatory note.
Information about engineering infrastructure, technical measures, supply networks.
The project of the organization of construction production.
If during construction it is supposed to carry out the demolition of capital construction objects, then this should be reflected in detail in a separate section.
Section related to environmental protection measures.
A separate section is also being made to describe the measures that are being taken to facilitate access to the building for people with limited mobility.
A whole section is also devoted to measures aimed at improving the energy efficiency of a construction site.
Estimated calculation.
A package of used documents and literature.

It is worth adding that some sections contain certain subsections. For example, the section on engineering infrastructure contains subsections on power supply networks, water supply and sewerage, heating and ventilation, gas supply, air conditioning and communications.

If the project should contain other sections that are not included in the list of mandatory sections approved by law, then the list of these items is stipulated in the contract between the customer and the project executor.

Important: if the project is implemented through the use of budgetary funds, then the project should include all legally approved sections and subsections. Such construction projects undergo the strictest coordination of project documentation.

Project Structure

Any project should include graphic and textual materials that will provide complete information about the facility under construction. In particular, text materials should contain:

complete information about the construction site;
describe various architectural, construction and technical solutions;
give explanations and references to regulations, ranges building materials and other sources that are involved in the development of the project;
all decisions that were made in the project must be justified by calculations.

As for graphic materials, they are all decisions made should be displayed clearly. For this you can use:

various graphic schemes;
blueprints;
tables;
photo fixation;
visual demonstrations of the construction object (three-dimensional image, facades or layout).

In order to carry out construction in accordance with the law, it may be necessary to develop project documentation. These documents should contain detailed information regarding a variety of characteristics of the objects being built. Therefore, the demand for this service is quite high.

When the design and estimate documentation is being developed, the following information should be indicated in it:

Solutions (technological and architectural).
Engineering and technical equipment of the building.
Design features building.

The development of project documentation for construction includes the creation of text and graphic materials. At correct design they can be used in the future not only during the creation, but also during the reconstruction and repair of buildings.

Who is involved in the development of design and technical documentation?

Correctly preparing a large volume of documents for special purposes is almost impossible without special skills and extensive knowledge. For this reason, contractors and developers quite often use such a service as the development of building design documentation. Experienced professionals are able to carry it out at a fairly high level.

The cost of developing project documentation is not very high. Therefore, seeking help from specialists will not lead to large monetary costs. In addition, customers are guaranteed to receive the documents they need in a fairly short time.

Organizations producing documentation must have permission to do so. The fact is that if the development of project documentation for facilities is performed incorrectly, then the safety of the buildings under construction can be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is so important to remember that only with the help of qualified specialists can a project of a reliable and safe construction be created.

Advantages of professional development of project documentation

Development, approval of design documentation for construction by an expert special organization is beneficial not only to customers, but also to developers. The reason for this is that experts are able to eliminate the risk of errors in documents. The development of sections of project documentation is carried out in accordance with existing rules. Experts have extensive knowledge in the field of construction and laws related to it.

For many buildings, the development of documentation for the project is mandatory. The only exceptions are individual houses, the number of floors in which does not exceed three.

When is the project documentation prepared?

There are various situations in which it may be necessary to carry out such work:

When building buildings.
Before the overhaul.
Before renovation or expansion of buildings.

The procedure for compiling project documentation

Design is carried out in three stages:

Preparatory. Creation of an architectural and planning task. Selection of a plot of land for the construction of the facility. Description of initial information for design. Engineering survey.
Design. At this stage, the actual creation of documentation is carried out. Then an examination of the project is carried out, and after its study, it is approved.
Post-project. Throughout the entire period of construction of the building, architectural supervision is carried out. When the building is completed, it goes into operation.

Supervision can significantly improve the quality of construction and reduce its cost. That's why this service is very much in demand. In addition, in this way, the design organization shows its responsibility for the quality of buildings. The frequency of supervision is usually specified in the contract. However, it should not be less than one inspection per month. Supervision allows design organization make changes to the documentation if necessary due to unforeseen circumstances.

Order the development of project documentation

Our "Center of Independent Construction Expertise" provides services for the creation of project documentation for buildings for various purposes, as well as for such works as major repairs and reconstruction of buildings. Many years of experience in performing such tasks allows our experts to compose everything Required documents at the optimum time. The low prices for the services of our organization allow many individuals and various companies to use them. Thanks to an individual approach to each client, we are ready to develop documentation on optimal conditions.

Price and terms for Development of project documentation

Price from 15000 rub.

Deadline from 10 days.