Free funds available in a personal or family budget can be disposed of in two ways: deposited or invested. The first option is a fairly safe solution and allows you to ensure the safety of the initial capital and the ability to dispose of it at your discretion at any time. The second option is associated with certain risks, however, in the case of successful investments, it allows not only to save the initial amount, but also to increase your capital. On modern financial market There are some of the most popular options where to invest money.
Where to invest money with interest?
The safest and most rational option where to invest money at interest is banking. Modern commercial banks offer different conditions and interest rates on deposits, but all bank deposits are insured. The guaranteed amount of payment in the event of an insured event in your bank is 1.4 million rubles. The most attractive and high interest rates on deposits are offered by small commercial banks that are not included in the top positions of bank ratings. Many banks offer high interest only in the first months of the deposit, in the future, the interest may go down.
When faced with a choice of where to invest your money, expert advice is a valuable source of information. According to professionals, personal investments are best suited for investments in securities, bank deposits, purchase of insurance, purchase of real estate, purchase of precious metals. Experts consider investing in precious metals one of the most reliable ways to invest free funds, but this option is low-yielding. Investment in the purchase of securities is also highly quoted by specialists. Such an investment is long-term - the longer the investment period (5-10 years), the higher the profit from the shares.
Where to invest money in Russia?
In the current economic situation, experts categorically advise against keeping free cash at home. High inflation can devalue the amount stored in such a primitive way in a short period of time. In 2016, there are some of the smartest decisions on where to invest in Russia. Buying a property is one of them. On this moment the real estate market is in decline, and land, apartments and commercial real estate can be bought at a lower price. Also, for a quick but risky profit, you can invest in consumer cooperative. Such organizations offer up to 25% per annum, but deposits in them are not insured.
Inflation, where to invest money?
To store available free capital at high inflation rates, the best solution is to place money on a bank deposit. In most banks, interest rates are kept at a level that allows you to cover the inflation rate, which is projected to be around 12-13%. Also, bank deposits are a more reliable solution than stocks, since during the crisis period the stock market may experience a protracted decline and stagnation. With high inflation, where to invest money should be decided, choosing as a priority the maximum protection against possible risks.
Keeping money at home is the most unprofitable way to save money. Rapidly rising inflation leads to depreciation Money. And only the right investment will save the amount and make a profit from it. Where to invest money at a high interest rate without risk?
Bank account - old is not always best
Opening a bank account is a popular way of investing. It is he who is often chosen when deciding where it is better to invest money. This option was used by our older relatives during the existence of the USSR, when there was no alternative. Now a bank deposit can only provide safe storage. You should not count on getting significant profits - a small percentage will cover inflation at best, so the method cannot be called an investment that allows you to get passive income.
Mutual Fund - advantages and disadvantages of investments
It is more profitable to invest money in Mutual Investment Funds. They are engaged in trade in commodities and stock exchanges carry out real estate transactions. PIF - option trust management. The money received from the sale of the share runs the company. All operations in the mutual funds are carried out by professionals. But if prices fall, then even they cannot stop the negative trend. Therefore, when deciding to invest in a mutual fund, you should carefully study the company's performance over the past few years and assess the prospects for market development. This kind of investment requires the investor to understand the stock market and other economic factors. A significant drawback that stops those who decide where to invest money is the difficulties associated with the process of transferring and receiving funds. If the mutual fund is located in another city, many problems will arise with signatures, documents, and transfers. In addition, the largest mutual funds have a high minimum investment threshold. Companies that are not in the top ten offer returns that do not exceed the profit from bank deposits - from 3 to 5%.
MFIs are a promising and reliable way to invest
When deciding where to invest money in order to earn without risk, you should pay attention to investing in MFIs. Microloans are in demand among the population due to the opportunity to receive a small amount of money on a passport. Some companies offer repeat loans after calling the operator or through mobile app. Convenience and significant time savings make the market attractive for consumers of the service, and, therefore, profitable for investments. But you should choose where to invest money in order to receive monthly income only from organizations included in State Register. These are companies whose activities are regulated by the Bank of Russia. Neglecting the recommendation, there is a risk of becoming a victim of scammers. One of the companies listed in state list, - "Fast money". The MFI offers to invest money in investments at an interest rate that is several times higher than that offered by banks - up to 17%. An indisputable advantage is an individual manager who gives detailed advice on deposit issues. The Bystrodengi company has been operating for more than 10 years. An expanding network of offices, rapidly growing financial indicators, positive reviews investors - achievements that prove the reliability and prospects of investments. MFI "Bystrodengi" offers clear conditions cooperation, simple and fast paperwork, the possibility
How to invest money profitably: opening an account with a reliable bank
The first thing that comes to mind for most people who think about how to increase money is to put it at interest in the bank.
However, in fact, although this is a safe investment of funds, unless, of course, you have chosen a reliable bank for a deposit, it is not very profitable. After all bank interest very small. In many cases, bank interest is below the real rate of inflation. But, despite this, professionals in investing personal funds recommend putting about a fifth of personal savings at interest in a reliable bank.
✓ In a number of banks, you can open accounts in precious metals, such as gold, silver, platinum. The owner of such an account will benefit greatly from the rise in prices for precious metals, however high income is not guaranteed, since the value of precious metals can both rise and fall.
✓ Some experts advise opening a bank account in the currency in which you pay. Another popular option was the division of deposits into currencies: part in rubles, the rest in dollars. So you can protect yourself from a fall in the exchange rate of a particular currency and earn on its growth.
As for the profitability of bank deposits in 2020, it, according to experts, will decline.
If there are no economic and geopolitical shocks, by the end of the year we can expect a reduction in deposit rates by another 0.3-0.5 percentage points, admits Ivan Uklein, Bank Ratings Director, Expert RA.
But if not contributions, then what? The low yield on deposits in 2020 stimulates the transition of depositors to the stock market. Experts believe that last year's boom in individual investment accounts (IIAs, which increased by 2.76 times in 2019 - 1.65 million) is likely to continue this year.
A combination of IIS + OFZ can be profitable today ...
IIS (individual investment account) is a kind of brokerage account, it is often chosen by former investors, since the state has provided additional income in the form of a tax deduction (up to 52 thousand rubles a year) on such accounts.
But you need not take money from the IIS for three years from the moment it was opened, otherwise the deduction will have to be returned. The maximum amount from which you can receive a deduction is 400 thousand rubles.
One of the most risk-free options for buying through IIS is OFZ (government bonds). The combination of IIS + OFZ can give a yield 2-2.5 times higher than deposits with a comparable level of reliability, says BCS Premier investment strategist Alexander Bakhtin.
... or, alternatively, IIS + corporate bonds
In addition to OFZ, you can buy corporate bonds. The main risk is the bankruptcy of the company that issued the paper. Therefore, it is better for yesterday's investors to opt for bonds of large reliable issuers with a stable financial position. The yield on corporate bonds can be 7-11% per annum.
Due to additional profitability from the state in the form of a tax deduction (it brings up to 52 thousand rubles every year), income from a bundle of highly reliable bonds (primarily OFZ and bonds large companies) and IIS can be two to three times higher than the return on deposits, believes Head of Methodology Department at BCS Premier Aisha Kubezova.
What else to buy through IIS? Structural Products!
A ready-made portfolio of securities and currencies, which can also be bought through IIS. There are offers on the market with full capital protection. This means that under no circumstances will the investor go negative on the stock market. Profitability can reach 10-15% per annum.
Bond mutual funds
The main advantage of bond mutual funds (mutual investment funds) for former investors is that the investor immediately buys a diversified bond portfolio. The investor does not need to manage the portfolio, the entry threshold is from several thousand rubles. Investments can give a yield of 3-5% higher than the rates on deposits. The main disadvantage is the commissions to managers and the lack of insurance guarantees.
Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)
ETF is a mutual fund-like option. An investment fund collects and invests investors' money in several instruments selected according to a certain principle - sectors of industry, countries or, for example, precious metals. ETFs trade like regular stocks: you can buy and sell through a broker at any time. They are traded on the Moscow Exchange. Their yield is higher than mutual funds, but commissions may be higher. True, there are no insurance guarantees.
Opinion
“The stock market in Russia is underdeveloped in terms of investment instruments, it is quite risky and requires at least a minimal understanding of the principles of its operation, so massive investment in stocks and bonds remains a long-term prospect,” he believes. senior managing director of the NKR rating agency Alexander Proklov. There is still no obvious and strong alternative to deposits in terms of both reliability and profitability, the analyst emphasizes.
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Investments in apartments and other non-commercial real estate
A traditional type of investment in our country, which should not be forgotten either. Ask passers-by on the street where it is better to invest money so as not to lose it? Most respondents will answer that it is best to invest in houses and apartments.
Many spears have been broken about the benefits of investing money in real estate, but this option is chosen today by quite a few residents of our country who invest money, first of all, so as not to lose it, and not with the expectation of high profits.
The object of investment in this case are apartments, rooms, garages. There are several ways to make money by investing in real estate.
You can invest in an apartment at the initial stage of building a house, when the price is not too high, and then sell the house when the house is built and the cost of square meters increases. But, when planning to invest in building a house, it is important not to fall into the housing pyramid. Heard about the defrauded real estate investors? You can article them!
Another way to quite profitable investment in real estate can be buying an apartment in an already built house and renting it out. Income is the difference between rent and taxes and utility bills. In addition, the apartment will grow in price from year to year, which will also generate income. True, it will be possible to get it only with the sale of the apartment.
Thus, we have considered 7 profitable ways where it is profitable to invest money to make it work.
A bank deposit (or bank deposit) is money deposited with a credit institution (bank) in order to receive an income in the form of interest at the end of the deposit term.
There are many types and conditions of deposits. There are term deposits and demand deposits. In the first case, the deposit is made for a certain period and can be withdrawn completely without loss of interest only after this period. Demand deposits do not have a shelf life and are returned at the first request of the depositor, but the interest on them is significantly lower.
Contribution is an understandable and relatively reliable investment.
Opening a deposit is easy. To do this, you don’t even have to leave your home: many banks allow you to open deposits through a mobile application or their website. Of course, for this you first need to become a client of this bank.
The main advantage of the deposit as a type of investment of free funds is the insurance coverage of the Deposit Insurance Agency in the amount of 1.4 million rubles. Within this amount, you can confidently place your deposit in any bank that has a license from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. If the bank bursts, the state will return the money along with interest on the day the license is revoked. By the way, since 2014, more than 300 banks in Russia have been deprived of their licenses, and their depositors have certainly suffered.
The disadvantage of the deposit is that, compared to an individual investment account, it provides rather modest opportunities for increasing funds.
Individual investment account
An individual investment account (IIA) is a type of brokerage account or trust management account of an individual opened directly with a broker or with a trustee (for example, in a bank), which has two types of tax benefits and certain restrictions to choose from.
The concept of "individual investment account" was legally enshrined on January 1, 2015. IIS can be opened as individuals- citizens of Russia, and people who are not citizens of the Russian Federation, but living on its territory for more than six months a year.
The maximum amount that can be initially put on IIS is 400,000 rubles. During the year, the account can be replenished with an amount not exceeding 1 million rubles.
A big advantage of IIS is the possibility of obtaining a tax deduction.
It is paid in the amount of 13% of the amount invested for the year, but not more than 52,000 rubles. That is, with 400,000 rubles, and with 1 million rubles, you can return no more than this amount. This option is for you if you have permanent job and the employer pays taxes for you. There is another option - to choose tax exemption.
The main disadvantage of IIS is that, unlike a deposit, it is not insured by anyone. However, if you open it in a reliable bank (it has been operating on the market for a long time, it is in the top 20 rating of Russian banks, there is no reorganization regarding it) and you choose the right investment strategy, you can earn much more. In addition, in order to enjoy tax deductions, an investment account must be opened for at least three years, during which funds cannot be withdrawn.
How much can you earn on deposits and IIS
Let's compare how much you can earn if you make a deposit of 100,000 rubles and open an individual investment account for the same amount.
Deposit profitability
The weighted average interest rate on deposits for a period of one to three years in Russia as of September 2017 was 6.83% per annum. If we calculate income based on this interest rate, then in a year it will be 106,830 rubles. By reinvesting this amount, in two years you will receive 114,126.5 rubles, and in three years - 121,921.3 rubles. Net income - 21,921.3 rubles.
Profitability of IIS
Strategy 1: invest in government bonds
By opening an IIS, you can invest in such a reliable instrument as federal loan bonds (OFZ), the issuer of which is Russian Federation represented by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. The yield to maturity of OFZ-26205 at the end of November 2017 was about 7.3%. Taking into account the tax deduction of 13%, the return on investment will be 20.3% in the first year. And for three years (the account is opened for a period of at least three years), the average yield will be about 11.6%. As a result, in three years you can get 138,504 rubles. Net income - 38 504 rubles.
Strategy 2: investing in corporate bonds
Another reliable and rather profitable strategy is investing in corporate bonds, the yield on which is slightly higher than on OFZ bonds.
For example, these can be bonds of Gazprom Capital and Rosneft. The average yield on the bond portfolio of these companies at the time of writing is 7.97%. If you put 100,000 rubles on the IIS and, as a result, receive a tax deduction for one year, then after three years we will get an average figure of 12.3% per annum. By the end of the third year, the account will already have 141,020 rubles. Net income - 41 020 rubles.
By the way, for individual bond issues of these issuers, coupon income will not be taxed starting from 2018.
Strategy 3: investing in stocks
Most big income can be invested in stocks. However, this is also the most risky investment tool, because even if the shares of a company have shown growth over the past periods, this does not mean that this trend will continue in the future. Experienced investors advise investing in several types of stocks at once, so that the fall in the shares of one company can be offset by the growth in the shares of another company. This is called portfolio diversification.
The most proven investment is the shares of "blue chips" - the securities of the largest, liquid and reliable corporations. Among Russian companies these include shares of Gazprom, Sberbank, Alrosa and others.
If at the beginning of 2016 you invested 100,000 rubles in equal shares in the common shares of the three largest Russian corporations- Gazprom, Sberbank and Lukoil, the average return on shares of which at the end of 2016 was 43.93%, then in just one year you would have earned 43,930 rubles. To this amount, add a tax deduction of 13,000 rubles. It turns out that in just a year you would have earned 56 930 rubles. At the same time, growth over three years is much more difficult to predict.
Outcome
The deposit will suit more conservative and cautious people, probably the older generation. Opening investment accounts - for more risky people. It is not simple fashion trend but a good opportunity to earn.
