2. MASTER PLAN AND TRANSPORT
General plan
2.1. Land plots for the construction of boiler houses are selected in accordance with the heat supply scheme, planning and development projects for cities, towns and rural areas. settlements, master plans of enterprises, schemes of master plans for groups of enterprises with common facilities (industrial units).
The size of the land plots of boiler houses located in residential areas should be taken in accordance with building codes and regulations for the planning and development of cities, towns and rural settlements.
2.2. When designing the master plan of the boiler house, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of placing pre-assembly sites, storage facilities, as well as temporary structures necessary for the period of construction and installation work.
2.3. Warehouses of fuel, reagents, materials, laboratory premises, as well as auxiliary premises of boiler houses located on the sites of industrial enterprises, should be combined with similar buildings, premises and structures of these enterprises.
2.4. The main building, fuel facilities and ash and slag removal facilities, a transformer substation, a gas control point (GRP), a condensate collection and pumping station, hot water storage tanks, a water treatment and reagent facilities building should be located on the boiler site.
These buildings and structures may be combined, observing the requirements of Section 11 of these rules and regulations.
(K) For built-in and attached boilers, closed storage facilities for solid and liquid fuels should be provided, located outside the boiler room and the building for which it is intended to supply heat, in accordance with SNiP 2.07.01-89.
The capacity of liquid fuel storage facilities should not exceed the values established by building codes and regulations for the design of oil and petroleum product storage facilities for storage facilities of the second group.
The fencing of boiler rooms should be designed in accordance with the Guidelines for the Design of Fences for Sites and Sites of Enterprises, Buildings and Structures.
Buildings and structures of boiler houses located on the sites of industrial enterprises are not allowed to be fenced.
2.5. It is allowed to locate fuel unloading devices, fuel depots, fuel oil facilities, condensate collection and pumping stations, hot water storage tanks, pumping stations and tanks for fire fighting and drinking water supply, ash and slag dumps; at the same time, fuel oil facilities, hot water supply storage tanks, fire-fighting and drinking water supply tanks must have fences.
2.6. The drainage system from the territory of the boiler house should be designed open, and in the conditions of development - in conjunction with the networks of industrial and rainwater sewerage of the enterprise or area in which the boiler house is located.
2.7. Distances to residential and public buildings should be taken:
- from buildings, structures of the boiler house, as well as from equipment installed in open areas - according to sanitary standards for the permissible noise level in residential buildings;
- from warehouses of solid and liquid fuels, acids, alkalis and other highly toxic substances - according to special standards.
2.8. Ash and slag should be used for the needs of construction and the construction industry. If it is impossible to use them, ash and slag dumps should be designed, observing the following conditions:
- the size of the site for ash and ash dumps should be provided taking into account the operation of the boiler house for at least 25 years, with the allocation of the first stage of construction, designed for the operation of the boiler house for 10 years;
- ash and slag dumps should be placed on unsuitable for Agriculture land plots, near the boiler site; at the same time, for ash and slag dumps, lowlands, ravines, wetlands, exhausted quarries to be improved, taking into account the prospective development of the construction area, should be used.
When designing, it is necessary to provide for the protection of water bodies from the removal of ash and slag by rain or flood waters.
Transport
2.9. The transport scheme of the boiler house is adopted on the basis of its design capacity, taking into account the sequence of construction and expansion prospects.
2.10. The regime for supplying rolling stock for unloading the main or reserve fuel and reagents (weight rate of supply, the number and size of rates, the duration of unloading, the carrying capacity of wagons and tanks) is established in agreement with the bodies of the Ministry of Railways. When establishing the weight rate of supply, the storage capacity calculated in accordance with Section 11 of these rules and regulations must be taken into account.
2.11. The supply of loaded wagons and the hauling of empty wagons must be carried out by means of the Ministry of Railways or industrial enterprise where the boiler house is located.
2.12. For boiler houses with a capacity of more than 50 Gcal / h, when delivering fuel or removing ash and slag by road, the main road entrance connecting the boiler room site with the external road network should have two lanes.
For boilers with a capacity of 50 Gcal / h or less, regardless of the method of fuel delivery and removal of ash and slag, an access road with one lane should be provided.
2.13. Projects should provide for the possibility of access road transport to buildings and structures of boiler houses and to equipment installed in open areas.
Roads for road transport providing driving technological process, should have improved capital covers.
The main parameters of the boilers:
Primary steam pressure behind the boiler 255 kgf / cm 2
Primary steam temperature 245 0 C
Feed water temperature 260 0 С
Secondary steam capacity 830 t/h
Secondary steam pressure at the inlet 39.5 kgf / cm 2
Secondary steam temperature at the inlet 320 0 С
The pressure of the secondary steam at the outlet is 37 kgf / cm 2
The temperature of the secondary steam at the exit 545 0 С
Hot air temperature 350 0 С
Flue gas temperature 142 0 С
The following is installed with each boiler auxiliary equipment:
Ball drum mill type Sh-50A - 3 pcs.;
Raw coal feeder H=500 mm - 3 pcs.;
Mill fan type BM100/1200, Q=113000 m 3 /hour, H=1100 mm w.st.;
Primary blower VGD-20 - 2 pcs., Q=183000 m 3 /hour, H=252 mm w.st.;
Axial smoke exhauster type DOD-31.5 - 2 pcs., Q=1080000 m 3 /hour, H=380 mm w.st.;
Regenerative air heater: boilers No. 1-3 - type RVV-68; boilers No. 4-6 type RVV-68M; boilers No. 7, 8 of RVP type;
Dust cyclone NIOGAZ Ø 3250 mm - 3 pcs.;
Dust separator TKZ-VTI Ø 4750 mm - 3 pcs.;
Blower fan VDN - 24x2 - II, Q=560000 m 3 / hour, H=270 mm w.st. - 2 pcs.;
Dust feeders type APP and ULPP - 12-24 pieces/boiler.
The boiler units are connected to 4 reinforced concrete chimneys:
Boilers of station No. 1, 2 to chimney No. 1 180m high, mouth diameter 6.3m
Boilers of station No. 3, 4 to chimney No. 2 250m high, mouth diameter 7.2m
Boilers of station No. 5, 6 to chimney No. 3 250m high, mouth diameter 7.2m
Boilers of station No. 7, 8 to chimney No. 2 250m high, mouth diameter 9.6m
2.2.2. Burners.
Burner - a device for the formation of mixtures of solid, gaseous or liquid fuels with air or oxygen and their supply to the place of combustion.
Pp-830(950)/255zh boiler is equipped with vortex pulverized-coal and combined oil-gas burners:
1) Vortex pulverized coal burner TKZ (Taganrog boiler plant).
1 - snail primary air.
2 - secondary air snail.
3 - kindling nozzle.
All swirl burners produce a short, wide, short-range flame.
2) Combined oil-gas burner TKZ:
1 - nozzle.
2 - gas distribution manifold.
3 - section of the blade apparatus.
4 - disk damper (when it is shifted to the left / right, the air flow is regulated, while maintaining the degree of swirling of the air flow).
W resp. ≈ 80 m/s, W in ≈ 40 m/s, P g = 300÷1000 kg/m 2 , V g = 1÷6 t/h.
2.2.3. Ash collection plants
The following equipment is installed to clean flue gases from fly ash:
At power units No. 1-4 - 4 single-field electric filters UG2-1 × 53 and 8 ash collectors of the V-4200 type with Venturi pipes, designed by the Ural branch of ORGRES;
At power units No. 5-6 - 4 four-field electrostatic precipitators of the EGA-I-30-12-6-4 type;
At power unit No. 7 - 4 four-field electrostatic precipitators of the EGBM-I-25-12-6-4 type;
Power unit No. 8 has 4 four-field electrostatic precipitators of the EGA-I-30-12-6-4 type.
2.2.4 Ash and slag removal system
NchGRES applied hydraulic system collection of ash and slag. Ash and slag slurry is fed into the bager pump rooms through separate gravity channels:
To the bager pump room No. 1 from boilers Nos. 1, 2;
To the bager pump room No. 2 from boilers No. 3, 4, 5, 6;
To the bager pump room No. 3 from boilers No. 7, 8;
The following equipment is installed in the bager pump room No. 1:
2 drag pumps type 12GR-8T, Q=1320 m 3 /hour, H=50 m c. Art.;
2 drainage pumps type AR-100, Q=54 m 3 /hour, H=20 m c. Art.
Ash and slag pulp is fed to the ash and slag dump through two pipelines D=350 mm.
The following equipment is installed in the bager pump room No. 2:
1 bager pump type 12GR-8T, Q=1320 m 3 /hour, H=50 m c. Art.;
2 drainage pumps type AR-100M, Q=97 m 3 /hour, H=30 m c. Art.
The ash and slag pulp is fed to the ash dump through three pipelines D=350 mm.
The following equipment is installed in the bager pump room No. 3:
3 baggage pumps type GRT-1250/71;
2 drainage pumps type AR-100M.
The ash and slag pulp is fed to the ash dump through two pipelines D=350 mm. In all bager pumping stations, one water-jet ejector with Q=80 m 3 /hour is installed. The estimated output of slag from one boiler is 3.75 t/hour.
Estimated amount of ash captured in the ash collection units of power units:
Power units No. 1-4 - 21 t/h each;
Power units No. 5-8 - 21.5 t/h.
Estimated amount of ash and slag pulp from bager pumping stations:
Bagerny pumping station No. 1 - 1330 t/h;
Bagernaya pumping station No. 2 - 2700 t/h;
Bagernaya pumping station No. 3 - 1345 t / h.
The ash and slag dump is located in the floodplain of the Aksai River and consists of three sections with with total area 179 hectares, with a capacity of 29.84 million m 3.
At present, section No. 1 is in operation, designed to build dams up to a mark of 31 m with an increase in capacity by 5 million m 3 . Ash and slag dump section No. 2 has been worked out, the surface is backfilled with clay and washed with sand. Ash and slag dump section No. 3 has been worked out and is in the process of reclamation. Waste pulp is transported by rail freight.
The following are installed in the ash removal system:
3 clarified water pumps, Q=3240 m 3 /hour, H=32 m c. Art.;
2 flush pumps type 200D-60, Q=600 m 3 /hour, H=82 m c. Art.;
4 irrigation water pumps type 650D-90A, Q=600 m 3 /hour, H=35 m c. Art.
In the absence of centralized heating, boilers take over the responsibility for heating the dwelling. To accommodate such equipment, it is necessary to prepare a separate room, observing the requirements and safety standards.
Agree, at first glance, the task looks difficult. However, it is not. Knowing the basics of calculations, the rules and principles of design, it will be possible to independently plan the room. A typical scheme of a boiler room of a private house is developed taking into account the specific type of boiler and a list of additional equipment for the heating system.
We will help you understand the issue, describe the features of different boiler rooms, outline the requirements and rules for their arrangement. Thematic videos clearly demonstrate examples of the organization of premises for the installation and piping of boilers.
The requirements for boiler rooms are set out in SNiP with the nomenclature designation II-35-76.
Depending on the place where the room with the heating equipment installed in it is located, boiler rooms can be classified into one of the following types:
- built-in;
- stand-alone;
- attached.
The dimensions of the room allocated for the boiler room are selected based on the type of fuel,.
When arranging a special one is difficult, there is another option - a mini-boiler room.
It is placed in a container assembled according to the principle of metal structures, which can be placed in the courtyard of the house. It remains only to connect the mini-boiler room to communications.
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