Study of uniformly accelerated motion without initial velocity. Study of uniformly accelerated motion without initial velocity Laboratory work 1 study of uniformly accelerated motion of bodies

Goals:

Goal of the work: Calculate the acceleration with which the ball rolls down the inclined chute. To do this, measure the length of movement s of the ball for a known time t. Since with uniformly accelerated motion without initial speed

then by measuring s and t, you can find the acceleration of the ball. It is equal to:

No measurements are made absolutely accurately. They are always produced with some error associated with the imperfection of measuring instruments and other reasons. But even in the presence of errors, there are several ways to make reliable measurements. The simplest of them is the calculation of the arithmetic mean from the results of several independent measurements of the same quantity, if the experimental conditions do not change. This is what is proposed to be done in the work.

Means of measurement: 1) measuring tape; 2) metronome.

Materials: 1) gutter; 2) ball; 3) a tripod with clutches and foot; 4) metal cylinder.

Work order

1. Fix the chute with a tripod in an inclined position at a slight angle to the horizontal (Fig. 175). At the lower end of the gutter, place a metal cylinder in it.

2. Launching the ball (simultaneously with the metronome hit) from the top end of the chute, count the number of metronome hits before the ball hits the cylinder. It is convenient to carry out the experiment at 120 beats of the metronome per minute.

3. By changing the angle of the chute to the horizon and making small movements of the metal cylinder, ensure that between the moment the ball is launched and the moment it collides with the cylinder there are 4 beats of the metronome (3 intervals between beats).

4. The movement of the ball along the inclined chute is uniformly accelerated. If we release the ball without initial velocity and measure the distance s traveled by it before the collision with the cylinder and the time t from the beginning of the movement to the collision, then we can calculate its acceleration using the formula: Calculate the time of the ball's movement.

5. Using a measuring tape, determine the length of travel s of the ball. Without changing the inclination of the chute (the conditions of the experiment must remain unchanged), repeat the experiment five times, achieving again the coincidence of the fourth beat of the metronome with the impact of the ball on the metal cylinder (the cylinder can be moved slightly for this).

An example of a job.

Calculations.

Record the conclusion of the work done.

Lesson #3

Relativity of motion

Goals: Introduce students to the law of addition of velocities.

Tasks:

Personal subject tasks:

To form cognitive interests, intellectual and creative abilities of students;

Belief in the possibility of knowing nature, in the need for a reasonable use of the achievements of science and technology for further development human society, respect for the creators of science and technology, attitude towards physics as an element of human culture;

Subject tasks:

Ability to apply theoretical knowledge in physics in practice, solve physical problems for the application of knowledge gained;

Metasubject tasks:

Formation of skills to perceive, process and present information in verbal, figurative, symbolic forms, analyze and process the information received in accordance with the tasks set, highlight the main content of the read text, find answers to the questions posed in it and state it.

Work plan:

organizational stage.

Knowledge update.

This presentation, pptx format, consists of 16 slides, contains an animation of the experiment; detailed progress of the work; contains Control questions; questions of updating knowledge, homework (textbook by A.S. Peryshkin); table and formulas for calculating acceleration and instantaneous speed.

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Social network of educators site Presentation for a lesson in grade 9 Author: Aprelskaya Valentina Ivanovna Physics teacher MBOU "Secondary School" No. 11p. Ryzdvyany, Stavropol Territory Laboratory work#1 Research uniformly accelerated motion no initial speed

Investigation of uniformly accelerated motion without initial velocity Purpose: to determine the acceleration of the ball and its instantaneous velocity before hitting the cylinder. Laboratory work No. 1, grade 9

Review What is acceleration? What is the direction of the acceleration vector? What are the units for expressing acceleration? What movement is called uniformly accelerated? What equation is called the equation of motion?

We repeat How is the displacement projection calculated for uniformly accelerated motion? How is the displacement projection calculated at V o \u003d 0? How to calculate the projection of the instantaneous velocity vector? What formula is used to calculate the instantaneous speed at V o \u003d 0?

Homework. Textbook: A.V. Peryshkin, E.M. Gutnik. Physics Grade 9 Repeat § 7 (displacement with uniformly accelerated motion), - retelling; § 8, p. 31 repeat formulas, definitions from § 1 - § 6; prepare for a physical dictation on the topic: "Kinematics of uniform and uniformly accelerated motion" 09/23/2014 We write down

Work No. 1. Measuring the acceleration of a body during rectilinear uniformly accelerated motion Purpose: _______ (formulate independently) Equipment: _____ (describe, standing on the table) 09/23/2014 We draw up

We carry out in the following order 1. Assemble the installation according to the drawing, mark initial position ball

Order of execution 2 . Having launched the ball, measure the time of movement until it collides with the cylinder, write it down.

Order of execution 3 . Measure the displacement modulus, record. S

Procedure 4. Without changing the inclination of the chute, repeat the experiment

Order of execution 5 . Record the results of measurements in the table, calculate the average value of the time Experiment No. Displacement module, m Movement time, s Average movement time, s Acceleration, m / Instantaneous velocity V= at , m/s 1 2 Experience No. Displacement module, m Movement time, s Average time of movement, s Instantaneous velocity V= at , m/s 1 2

Order of execution 6. Determine the acceleration using the formula 7. Calculate the instantaneous speed using the formula V = at Note. Since V o \u003d 0, then cf cf

We write down 7. Conclusion on the purpose of the work, taking into account the error in measuring physical quantities Note. Instructions for calculating measurement errors on page 2 71 of the textbook

Control tasks according to the collection of tasks A.V. Peryshkin. Physics. 7 - 9 Option 1 Option 2 No. 1425, No. 1426, No. 1432 No. 1429 Solve 8. Complete control tasks

Thank you for your work!

Sources of information Printed materials 1. A.V. Peryshkin, E.M. Gutnik. Physics Grade 9, - M, Bustard, 2012 2. A.P. Rymkevich. Physics. Problem book 10 - 11 classes, Bustard, M. - 2012 Internet resources. 3. Picture. Question mark. http://ru.fotolia.com/id/51213056 4. Picture. Reading emoticon. http://photo.sibnet.ru/alb55017/ft1360515 / 5. Picture. Call from class. http://learning.9151394.ru/course/view.php?id=3603&topic=27 6. Picture. Ball and groove. http://www.uchmarket.ru/d_13729.htm

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

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Laboratory work for grade 9 "Research of uniformly accelerated motion without initial speed"

Laboratory work for grade 9 "Research of uniformly accelerated motion without initial speed." Scanned from an old Kikoin textbook. Processed. Not all schools still have this...

Laboratory work number 1.

Study of uniformly accelerated motion without initial speed

Progress.

1. We will conduct a series of 3 launches. Record the time each time.

2. We measure the distance h between sensors. Calculate the average value of the body fall time t Wed and, substituting the obtained data into the formula g = 2 h / t 2 Wed, we determine the free fall acceleration g .

3. The obtained data is entered into a table.

Distance between sensors h, m	t, With	Time Average t wed, s	Acceleration of gravity g, m/s2

4. Based on the experiments, we draw the following conclusions:

Laboratory work number 3.

Study of the dependence of the oscillation period of the spring

pendulum on the mass of the load and the stiffness of the spring

Carefully! There should be no foreign objects on the table. Careless handling of devices leads to their fall. At the same time, you can get mechanical injuries, take the devices out of working condition.

I am familiar with the rules, I undertake to comply. ___________________________

Student's signature

Goal of the work: experimentally establish the dependence of the period of oscillation and the frequency of oscillation of a spring pendulum on the stiffness of the spring and the mass of the load.

Equipment: a set of weights, a dynamometer, a set of springs, a tripod, a stopwatch, a ruler.

Progress

1. Let's assemble the measuring setup in accordance with the figure.

2. According to the tension of the spring D x and the mass of the load, we determine the stiffness of the spring.

F extr = k D x- Hooke's law

F extr = R= mg;

1) ____________________________________________________

2) ____________________________________________________

3) ____________________________________________________

3. Let's fill in the table of the dependence of the oscillation period on the mass of the load for the same spring.

m 1 = 0.1 kg	m 2 = 0.2 kg	m 3 = 0.3 kg

4. Let's fill in Table No. 2 of the dependence of the oscillation frequency of the spring pendulum on the stiffness of the spring for a load of 200 g.

https://pandia.ru/text/78/585/images/image006_28.gif" width="48" height="48"> 5. Let us draw conclusions about the dependence of the period and frequency of oscillations of a spring pendulum on the mass and stiffness of the spring.

Lab #4

Investigation of the dependence of the period and frequency of free oscillations of a filament pendulum on the length of the filament

Safety regulations. Carefully! There should be no foreign objects on the table. Devices must only be used for their intended purpose. Careless handling of devices leads to their fall. At the same time, you can get a mechanical injury-bruise, take the devices out of working condition. I have read the rules and agree to abide by them. _______________________

Student's signature

Goal of the work: find out how the period and frequency of free oscillations of a thread pendulum depend on its length.

Equipment: a tripod with a clutch and foot, a ball with a thread attached to it about 130 cm long, a stopwatch.

Progress

1. Set up a tripod on the edge of the table.

2. We fix the pendulum thread in the foot of the tripod using a piece of eraser or thick paper.

3. To conduct the first experiment, we choose a thread length of 5–8 cm, deviate the ball from the equilibrium position by a small amplitude (1–2 cm) and release it.

4. Let's measure the time interval t, for which the pendulum will make 25 - 30 complete oscillations ( N).

5. Record the measurement results in a table

Physical quantity





ν , Hz

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___________________________________________________________________________________

6. Repeat the experiment, but at a higher speed of the magnet.

a) Write down the direction of the induced current. ______________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

b) Write down what the module of the induction current will be. ___________________________________

7. Write down how the speed of the magnet affects: a) The magnitude of the change in the magnetic flux.____________________________________________________________________________

b) On the induction current module. ____________________________________________________

8. Formulate how the modulus of the strength of the induction current depends on the rate of change of the magnetic flux._____ _____________________________________________________________

____________________

9. Assemble the setup for the experiment according to the drawing.

10. Check if there is a spool 1 induction current at: a) closing and opening of the circuit in which the coil is included 2 ; b) flow through 2 direct current; c) changing the current strength with a rheostat. _____________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

11. Write down in which of the following cases: a) the magnetic flux penetrating the coil changed 1 ; b) there was an induction current in the coil 1 .___________________________________

Conclusion: ____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lab #6

Observation of continuous and line emission spectra

Safety regulations. Carefully! Electricity! Make sure that the insulation of the conductors is not broken. Avoid extreme loads of measuring instruments. I have read the rules and agree to abide by them. ______________________

Student's signature

Goal of the work: observation of a continuous spectrum using glass plates with beveled edges and a line emission spectrum using a two-tube spectroscope.

Equipment: projection apparatus, two-tube spectroscope spectral tubes with hydrogen, neon or helium, high-voltage inductor, power supply (these devices are common to the whole class), a glass plate with beveled edges (given to each).

Progress

1. Position the plate horizontally in front of the eye. Through the edges making an angle of 45º, observe a light vertical strip on the screen - an image of a sliding slit of the projection apparatus.

2. Select the primary colors of the resulting continuous spectrum and write them down in the observed sequence._________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

3. Repeat the experiment, considering the strip through the faces forming an angle of 60º. Write down the differences in the form of spectra.____________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

4. Observe the line spectra of hydrogen, helium or neon by examining luminous spectral tubes with a spectroscope.

Write down which lines were considered.________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion: _______________________________________________________________________________

Lab #7

The study of nuclear fission of the uranium atom

track photos

Goal of the work: to verify the validity of the law of conservation of momentum on the example of fission of the uranium nucleus.

Equipment: photograph of tracks of charged particles formed in a photographic emulsion during the fission of a uranium atom nucleus under the action of a neutron, a measuring ruler.

Progress

1. Look at the photo and find the tracks of the fragments.

2. Measure the fragment track lengths with a millimeter ruler and compare them._______________________________________________

3. Using the law of conservation of momentum, explain why the fragments formed during the fission of the uranium atom nucleus scattered in opposite directions. ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

4. Are the charges and energies of the fragments the same? _______________________________

__________________________________________________________________

5. On what grounds can you judge this? __________________________

__________________________________________________________________

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Lab #8

Studying the tracks of charged particles from ready-made photographs

Goal of the work: explain the nature of the movement of charged particles.

Equipment: photographs of charged particle tracks obtained in a cloud chamber, a bubble chamber and photographic emulsion.

Progress

https://pandia.ru/text/78/585/images/image013_3.jpg" width="148" height="83 src="> _______________________________________________________________________________

b) Why are the tracks of α-particles approximately the same length? _________________ rice. 2

________________________________________________________________________

c) Why does the thickness of the tracks of α-particles slightly increase towards the end of the motion? _________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Controls" href="/text/category/organi_upravleniya/" rel="bookmark">controls of the device operation.

2. Make an external inspection of the device and its trial inclusion.

3. Make sure the dosimeter is in working order.

4. Prepare the instrument for measuring the radiation dose rate.

5. Measure the background radiation level 8-10 times, recording each time the dosimeter reading.

	No. of measurements

dosimeter readings

6. Calculate the average value of the radiation background. _____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

7. Calculate what dose of ionizing radiation a person will receive during the year if the average value of the radiation background does not change throughout the year. Compare it with a value that is safe for human health. __________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Compare the obtained average background value with the natural radiation background taken as the norm - 0.15 μSv / h _________________________________________________________________

Make a conclusion ________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________